公立医院“药事服务费”背后的利益博弈与调适

公立医院增设药事服务费是医疗收费的一次重大改革,涉及多方利益.正确、科学调适“利益”问题,事关改革成败.药事服务费利益调适应遵循与医改整体目标相一致、患者利益第一、政府责任以及因地制宜原则.提出伦理调适与政策、经济调适并重;加大行政监管力度;药事服务费制度与现行收费制度改革同步;以此为契机建立新的医院考核评价机制等建议.     

肥胖2型糖尿病的发病机制初探

针对中医在肥胖2型糖尿病现有的病因病机理论体系上的不完善,以及现有理论在临床应用中的局限,笔者初步总结了肥胖2型糖尿病的发病机制,认为其病位主要在肝、脾、小肠.在此基础上提出肥胖2型糖尿病主要治则:疏肝理气、健脾降浊、通腑泻热.望能丰富中医消渴病理论,在辨证施治的同时提高临床疗效.     

健全人群对智障人群的态度研究:现状与展望

目前,全球每6个人中便有一个残疾人,其中智障人群占相当比例.智障人群作为社会生活中的特殊群体,因其认知能力受限,其生活面临诸多实际困难,导致健全人群对其容易形成负性态度.文章从普通公众和智障者服务人员两个方面评述了健全人群对智障者的态度特性及其干预策略的相关研究,并从研究主题和研究方法两个方面展望了未来的研究方向.     

组织信任修复的有效性：兼顾违背类型与修复策略的影响

已有关于信任修复的研究主要集中在正直和／或能力违背方面,关注特定信任修复策略的修复效果。本研究以修复机制划分修复策略,考察不信任的约束策略及信任的展示策略对于正直违背和善心违背的修复效果差异。以408名企业员工为被试,通过情景模拟法操作违背类型和修复策略,结果显示：组织信任的正直违背比善心违背破坏性更大,更难修复;约束策略对善心违背的修复效果显著高于对正直违背的修复效果;对正直违背来说,展示策略相对更有效。     

阅读中的注意分配:序列与平行之争

阅读中的注意分配问题是区分目前占主导地位的两类眼动控制模型的核心因素,基于序列分布假设的眼动控模型与基于平行注意分布的眼动控制模型在对眼动行为的预测中存在一些显著的差异,譬如一次注视下能否深度加工知觉广度内的一个以上词汇的信息.文章围绕两类模型对该问题的不同预测,深入探讨了两类模型的核心差异以及相关实验证据,并概括其它相关领域中在知觉广度内关于序列与平行注意分布的研究,以及对建构中文眼动控制模型的重要意义.     

Factors Related to Play Therapists' Social Justice Advocacy Attitudes

The authors used a correlational research design to examine how belief in a just world, political ideology, socioeconomic status of family of origin, and percentage of racial minority clients were related to social justice advocacy attitudes among play therapists. A multiple regression was used to analyze the data. Results indicated that belief in a just world and political ideology were related to social justice advocacy. Implications for play therapy training and future directions for research are discussed. Los autores emplearon un diseño correlacional de investigación para examinar cómo la creencia en un mundo justo, la ideología política, el estatus socioeconómico de la familia de origen y el porcentaje de clientes de minorías raciales estaban relacionados con actitudes de apoyo de la justicia social entre consejeros que usan terapia de juego. Se empleó una regresión múltiple para analizar los datos. Los resultados indicaron que la creencia en un mundo justo y la ideología política estaban relacionadas con la defensa de la justicia social. Se discuten las implicaciones para formación en terapia de juego y direcciones futuras para investigación.     

Implizites Beziehungswissen

Implicit relational knowing is for the most part procedural implicit knowing. Implicit relational knowing operates outside verbal experience and is mostly expressed in actions and constitutes the ‘how’ of being with others. Interpersonal relationships develop step by step and even subtle behavioral means can be a step. A subsequent step documents how the person interprets the preceding behavior of the other person. According to the Boston Change Process Study Group (BCPSG), implicit relational knowing can change with increasing integration and coherence in the therapeutic process. This enables the patient to bring into the therapeutic relationship even difficult and affectively charged experiences which thus become “relationable” for the patient.     

Taking Stock of Behavioral Measures of Adolescent Dating Violence

The past 2 decades have witnessed an increase in dating violence awareness and research. As the field evolves, it is critical to examine the definition and measurement of adolescent dating violence. This article summarizes the behavioral measures of adolescent dating violence used in the field. Based on a review of the literature and federally funded studies, we identified 48 different measures. The most commonly used measures were the Conflict Tactics Scale–2, the Safe Dates Scale, and the Conflict in Adolescent Dating Relationship Inventory, which all examine aspects of psychological, physical, and sexual violence. Researchers also adapted or created their own measures. This article concludes with a discussion of developments for consideration as the field moves forward.     

大学生信任倾向与心理健康的关系：个体差异的视角

通过对203名大学生进行人际信任量表（ITS）和新版明尼苏达多相人格问卷（MMPI-2）的施测,从个体差异的角度来考察大学生信任倾向与各心理健康症状之间的关系。结果表明,MMPI-2临庆量表中的抑郁、精神衰弱、精神分裂症和社会内向性,内容量表中的焦虑、恐惧、强迫性、抑郁、怪异思维、愤怒、愤世嫉俗、反社会行为、A型行为、低自尊、社会不适、家庭问题、工作障碍、治疗反感,均与信任倾向呈负相关。此外,四类不同心理健康特征的被试在信任倾向上存在差异,适应良好型被试的信任倾向得分显著高于其他三类,适应不良型的信任倾向显著低于其他三类,精神敏感型和外向冲动型的信任倾向居中．且这两娄之间没有显薯差异。     

The effects of stressors and coping resources on anxiety and peripheral narrowing

Abstract

The purpose of the study was to examine possible mechanisms which might help explain why individuals with high life stress and/or low coping resources are at greater risk for incurring athletic injuries. The effects of life events, daily hassles (DH), and coping resources (CR) on state anxiety and peripheral vision narrowing during a stress condition were examined. Subjects were 74 recreational athletes who completed the Life Events Survey, Daily Hassles Scale (DHS), Vulnerability to Stress Questionnaire (CR), and state portion of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Peripheral vision was measured alone during baseline and while simultaneously performing a Stroop Color-Word Test accompanied by distracting noise during the stress condition. State anxiety was assessed during baseline and the stress condition. Analyses of covariance revealed that high negative life events (NLE) (p = .01) were related to greater peripheral narrowing during the stress condition. High TLE (p = .01) and DH (p = .005) were related to elevated state anxiety during the stress condition. The peripheral vision TLE main effect (p = .03) and the state anxiety interactions of NLE × CR and DHS × CR (ps = .05) approached significance. High CR tended to reduce perceived state anxiety during the stress condition for high NLE and DH subjects compared to similar subjects with low CR. Thus, partial support was offered for the mechanisms proposed in the Andersen and Williams (1988) stress-injury model. The results are discussed in terms of future research needs.