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31.
Recent work by Hupbach, Gomez, Hardt, and Nadel (Learning & Memory, 14, 47–53, 2007) and Hupbach, Gomez, and Nadel (Memory, 17, 502–510, 2009) suggests that episodic memory for a previously studied list can be updated to include new items, if participants are reminded
of the earlier list just prior to learning a new list. The key finding from the Hupbach studies was an asymmetric pattern
of intrusions, whereby participants intruded numerous items from the second list when trying to recall the first list, but
not viceversa. Hupbach et al. (2007; 2009) explained this pattern in terms of a cellular reconsolidation process, whereby first-list memory is rendered labile by the
reminder and the labile memory is then updated to include items from the second list. Here, we show that the temporal context
model of memory, which lacks a cellular reconsolidation process, can account for the asymmetric intrusion effect, using well-established
principles of contextual reinstatement and item–context binding. 相似文献
32.
Research on students’ social relationships shows their preference to associate with similar peers. This study focused on the
similarity in selection criteria used by students to form groups and similarity of characteristics of existing groups in schools.
It compared these criteria to those of isolated students. The sample consisted of 124 students aged 14–15. The results revealed
that the assessment of peers’ social skills was a relevant selection criterion, and that global self-esteem, well-being, and,
physical activity were important variables in describing groups. The selection criteria and group characteristics of isolated
students did not match those of the groups. The isolated students have more outspoken views on criteria and characteristics
compared to the groups’ points of view. 相似文献
33.
Alec Solway Aaron S. Geller Per B. Sederberg Michael J. Kahana 《Behavior research methods》2010,42(1):141-147
Studies of human memory often generate data on the sequence and timing of recalled items, but scoring such data using conventional
methods is difficult or impossible. We describe a Python-based semiautomated system that greatly simplifies this task. This
software, called PyParse, can easily be used in conjunction with many common experiment authoring systems. Scored data is
output in a simple ASCII format and can be accessed with the programming language of choice, allowing for the identification
of features such as correct responses, prior-list intrusions, extra-list intrusions, and repetitions. 相似文献
34.
The assessment of the presence and intensity of psychosocial risks is constant in research into Work Psychopathology. Many questionnaires and diagnosis systems are partial or else there is no standardization process or reliability and validity study. The main purpose of this work is to present the psychometric data of a multidimensional system to assess psychosocial risks, elaborated conjointly by the Universitat of Barcelona and the MC Mutual. This battery assesses companies, using information from the prevention technicians, the directive staff and the workers. With the diverse types of information, a triangulation proposal is established to offer a psychosocial risk profile linked to the evaluation needs. 相似文献
35.
Per Lindström 《Journal of Philosophical Logic》2006,35(3):225-230
We present a quite simple proof of the fixed point theorem for GL. We also use this proof to show that Sambin's algorithm
yields a fixed point. 相似文献
36.
Gamma oscillations distinguish true from false memories 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Sederberg PB Schulze-Bonhage A Madsen JR Bromfield EB Litt B Brandt A Kahana MJ 《Psychological science》2007,18(11):927-932
ABSTRACT— To test whether distinct patterns of electrophysiological activity prior to a response can distinguish true from false memories, we analyzed intracranial electroencephalographic recordings while 52 patients undergoing treatment for epilepsy performed a verbal free-recall task. These analyses revealed that the same pattern of gamma-band (28–100 Hz) oscillatory activity that predicts successful memory formation at item encoding—increased gamma power in the hippocampus, prefrontal cortex, and left temporal lobe—reemerges at retrieval to distinguish correct from incorrect responses. The timing of these oscillatory effects suggests that self-cued memory retrieval begins in the hippocampus and then spreads to the cortex. Thus, retrieval of true, as compared with false, memories induces a distinct pattern of gamma oscillations, possibly reflecting recollection of contextual information associated with past experience. 相似文献
37.
Ioannis Ioakimidis Modjtaba Zandian Cecilia Bergh Per Södersten 《Behavior research methods》2009,41(3):755-760
A method for the control of eating rate gave subjects feedback from a computer screen on how much and at what rate to eat
during a meal. The method also allowed us to record the development of satiety during the meal. Linear eaters—that is, women
selected for eating at an approximately constant rate—underate when challenged to eat at a lower rate and overate when challenged
to eat at a higher rate, thereby modeling the eating behavior of patients with anorexia nervosa and binge eating disorder,
respectively. In both cases, the women’s postmeal perception of satiety mimicked that of the respective patient group. The
results provide support for the notion that linear eaters have the capacity to exhibit disordered eating. 相似文献
38.
39.
Heide Kabbe Sven Setterlind Per Gunnar Svensson 《International journal of stress management》1996,3(4):239-253
This paper purports to enhance the understanding of stress and its effects on unemployed executives. The idea that unemployed managers perceive and confront stress differently from their employed colleagues is addressed. A sampling of 32 unemployed executives and managers was taken using The Stress Profile, to survey reasons for stress, coping ability, and response to stress. The profiled samples were then compared to a comparison group of 367 employed managers. The results showed that unemployed managers, when compared to their employed associates, tended to have less desireable family situations, more worries about finances, decreased perception of self and self-coherence, decreased coping ability, and heightened emotional and behavioral reaction to stress. The conclusion was that when dealing with stressors, unemployed managers experienced a decreased sense of psychological well-being and coping abilities as compared to employed managers. 相似文献
40.
Per A. Gustafsson Marie-Louise Engquist Birgitta Karlsson 《Journal of Family Therapy》1995,17(3):317-327
The participation of siblings in family therapy was studied from case records in 76 consecutive cases attending a child and adolescent psychiatric outpatient clinic. Siblings took part in family therapy in two thirds of the cases. Of these, 76 per cent attended only one or two sessions. A sub-sample of nine families with children below 13 years of age was interviewed. Seven out of 10 evaluated siblings had psychiatric symptoms of some severity at the onset of therapy compared to two after, and all had fewer symptoms after therapy compared to before (p<0.01). Most families thought it relevant for both parents and siblings to take discussing their children's behaviour in front of them and wanted the opportunity of also talking to the therapist without the children being present. 相似文献