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851.
Matthijs J. Warrens 《Psychometrika》2011,76(3):471-486
An agreement table with n∈ℕ≥3 ordered categories can be collapsed into n−1 distinct 2×2 tables by combining adjacent categories. Vanbelle and Albert (Stat. Methodol. 6:157–163, 2009c) showed that the components of Cohen’s weighted kappa with linear weights can be obtained from these n−1 collapsed 2×2 tables. In this paper we consider several consequences of this result. One is that the weighted kappa with
linear weights can be interpreted as a weighted arithmetic mean of the kappas corresponding to the 2×2 tables, where the weights
are the denominators of the 2×2 kappas. In addition, it is shown that similar results and interpretations hold for linearly
weighted kappas for multiple raters. 相似文献
852.
When the factor analysis model holds, component loadings are linear combinations of factor loadings, and vice versa. This
interrelation permits us to define new optimization criteria and estimation methods for exploratory factor analysis. Although
this article is primarily conceptual in nature, an illustrative example and a small simulation show the methodology to be
promising. 相似文献
853.
854.
Structural equation models are increasingly used as a modeling tool for multivariate time series data in the social and behavioral
sciences. Standard error estimators of SEM models, originally developed for independent data, require modifications to accommodate
the fact that time series data are inherently dependent. In this article, we extend a sandwich-type standard error estimator
of independent data to multivariate time series data. One required element of this estimator is the asymptotic covariance
matrix of concurrent and lagged correlations among manifest variables, whose closed-form expression has not been presented
in the literature. The performance of the adapted sandwich-type standard error estimator is evaluated using a simulation study
and further illustrated using an empirical example. 相似文献
855.
856.
This paper first discusses the relationship between Kullback–Leibler information (KL) and Fisher information in the context
of multi-dimensional item response theory and is further interpreted for the two-dimensional case, from a geometric perspective.
This explication should allow for a better understanding of the various item selection methods in multi-dimensional adaptive
tests (MAT) which are based on these two information measures. The KL information index (KI) method is then discussed and
two theorems are derived to quantify the relationship between KI and item parameters. Due to the fact that most of the existing
item selection algorithms for MAT bear severe computational complexity, which substantially lowers the applicability of MAT,
two versions of simplified KL index (SKI), built from the analytical results, are proposed to mimic the behavior of KI, while
reducing the overall computational intensity. 相似文献
857.
Previous research investigating attentional bias has produced intriguingly equivocal results. The present large-scale study
explored attentional bias in subjects diagnosed with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and in a control group (n = 80) using the Emotional Stroop Test. Results clearly indicated poorer performances across the board amongst patients diagnosed
with OCD compared to the control group, particularly in the case of anxiety-related stimuli. This paper discusses, in the
light of current models of attentional bias towards threat in anxiety disorders, the processes whereby attentional bias towards
anxiety stimuli might play a vital role in the causation and maintenance of OCD. 相似文献
858.
Corinne Crammer Chiewkwei Kaw Ted Gansler Kevin D. Stein 《Journal of religion and health》2011,50(1):92-107
We examined associations between spiritual well-being and CAM use among 4,139 cancer survivors. We also explored the classification
of religious/spiritual practices (R/S) as CAMs and alternative subscale structures of the Functional Assessment of Chronic
Illness Therapy—Spiritual Well-being (FACIT-Sp). We evaluated three aspects of spirituality, Faith, Peace, and Meaning, and
use of 19 CAMs in 5 domains. Mind–body methods were subdivided into R/S and non-R/S. All FACIT-Sp factors were associated
with CAM use, but in different directions: Meaning and Faith were positively associated; Peace was negatively associated.
Peace was negatively associated with R/S CAMs, but not non-R/S CAMs. The prevalence of CAM use dropped from 79.3 to 64.8%
when R/S items were excluded. These findings confirm an association between spiritual well-being and CAM use, including some
non-R/S CAMs, and provide evidence of the benefits of using the three-factor FACIT-Sp solution and treating R/S CAMs as a
separate category. 相似文献
859.
Neal Krause 《Journal of religion and health》2011,50(1):20-35
A growing body of research suggests that religion may exert a beneficial effect on both physical and mental health. Unfortunately,
the rapid growth of this literature has made it difficult to get a clear picture of what has been accomplished. This issue
is addressed by presenting a conceptual model that focuses on the needs that are satisfied by religion. In the process, an
effort is made to show how this conceptual scheme can be used to add greater coherence to the field. 相似文献
860.