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971.
Danette M. Hann Paul Jacobsen Staci Martin Lora Azzarello Harvey Greenberg 《Journal of clinical psychology in medical settings》1998,5(1):19-33
Clinical reports suggest that fatigue is a common and disruptive long-term side effect of radiotherapy; however, there has been little systematic attention given to this phenomenon. The primary aim of this study was to assess fatigue its impact on quality of life in women who had completed radiotherapy for breast cancer. A key feature of this study was the inclusion of a comparison group of women of similar age with no history of cancer. The results indicated that the fatigue experienced by women after radiotherapy for breast cancer was not significantly different in intensity, duration, or disruptiveness from fatigue experienced by healthy women. In addition, radiotherapy recipients reported a quality of life similar to that of the healthy women. For both groups of women greater fatigue was related to a poorer quality of life. These findings suggest that following radiotherapy for breast cancer, women can expect to experience fatigue which is not worse than what they might normally experience. This information may be a useful part of psychoeducational interventions designed for women scheduled to begin radiotherapy for breast cancer. 相似文献
972.
Diane K. Yatchmenoff Paul E. Koren Barbara J. Friesen Lynwood J. Gordon Ronald F. Kinney 《Journal of child and family studies》1998,7(2):129-145
We examined enrichment and stress in 214 families who had children with severe emotional disorders. Caregivers' ratings of enrichment and stress were obtained through a newly developed instrument, the Effects of the Situation Questionnaire, which used parallel items covering 17 life areas. While ratings of stress were generally higher than enrichment, caregivers reported some enrichment in areas encompassing self concept and family relationships, Bivariate and multivariate analyses using various child, family, and service-system variables revealed that stress was notably associated with severity of the child's disorder, low empowerment, and a lack of coordination among service providers. Enrichment was unrelated to severity but associated with high empowerment and spiritual support. Our findings suggest that families' experiences of caregiving can have both positive and negative aspects and that a comprehensive approach to serving and studying families should take both into account. 相似文献
973.
Individual differences in spatial memory among young and aged rats were assessed using memory tasks related to integrity of the hippocampus and the neostriatum. Relationships were then examined between measures of spatial memory and regional choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) activity, a marker for cholinergic integrity. Twenty-four-month-old Long-Evans rats were impaired in comparisons with 6-month-old rats on measures of place learning, working memory, reference memory, and perseveration in water-maze tasks. Aged rats that were impaired on one measure of memory, however, were not necessarily impaired on other measures. ChAT activity in the ventromedial and dorsolateral neostriatum of aged rats was significantly reduced in comparisons with young rats whereas no difference was found in the hippocampus. Aged rats with the most ChAT activity in the anterior ventromedial neostriatum performed best on the place-learning and reference memory tasks but also made the most perseverative errors on the working memory task. In addition, young and aged rats with the most ChAT activity in the anterior dorsolateral neostriatum were those with the least accurate working memory. No relationships were found between ChAT activity in the hippocampus and spatial memory. Thus age-related memory impairment has components that can be segregated by measuring relationships between cholinergic integrity in subregions of the anterior neostriatum and memory tasks with different strategic requirements. 相似文献
974.
975.
Paul Gifford 《Journal of Contemporary Religion》1998,13(3):363-381
This article examines the role of Christianity in the change of regime in Zambia in 1991, and after its new President, Frederick Chiluba, declared Zambia a ‘Christian Nation’ at Christmas 1991. Chiluba, a born‐again Christian, had the support of many of Zambia's churches in his campaign to oust the long‐serving incumbent. President Kenneth Kaunda, himself prone to use Christianity for political support. Particularly significant in Chiluba's campaign were the Christian media. The three branches of Zambian Christianity (the Catholic Bishops’ Conference, the Christian Council of Zambia, the Evangelical Fellowship of Zambia) have traditionally worked in close cooperation. The Catholics and the Christian Council were not consulted about Chiluba's declaration of Zambia as ‘Christian’ and have tended to regard the proclamation as unfortunate, at best; elements within the Evangelical Fellowship have been very supportive of Chiluba and his regime, most obviously because they saw the new dispensation as one offering them a share of political power. Corruption and mismanagement have continued lo characterise Zambia's political system, which has caused the declaration lo be viewed with widespread cynicism. 相似文献
976.
977.
978.
Frank Baeyens Jan De Houwer Deb Vansteenwegen Paul Eelen 《Learning and motivation》1998,29(4):461-474
Field and Davey (1997) claimed that evaluative conditioning (EC), rather than being a genuine type of Pavlovian associative learning, represents nothing but an experimental artifact. They come to this conclusion by first identifying the prototypical experimental procedure of EC research, by next pointing to the potential methodological shortcomings of this prototypical procedure in order to infer associative learning, and by finally demonstrating that when the appropriate controls are added to this prototypical procedure, it becomes clear that apparent EC results represent nothing but an experimental artifact. In this paper, we first demonstrate that what Field and Davey identify as the “prototypical procedure” is, as a matter of fact, the exception rather than the rule in EC research, such that the potential scope of their criticism is rather limited. Next, we show how the results of their own experiment are actually due to an artifact that is not present in any EC study. Finally, we discuss how Field and Davey's criticism of EC research has its roots in a misconception of the appropriate within or between subject controls for Pavlovian associative learning. 相似文献
979.
Darryl M. See M.D. Paul Cimoch M.D. Shioweh Chou Jennifer Chang Jeremiah Tilles M.D. 《Integrative psychological & behavioral science》1998,33(3):280-287
In humans, eight monosaccharides are required for the synthesis of glycoproteins. Dietary supplements that supply these crucial
sugars are known as glyconutrients. A glyconutrient compound was added to Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMC) isolated
from normal controls and patients with the Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS), a disease associated with immune dysregulation.
The in vitro immunomodulatory effects were investigated. Cell surface expression of the glycoproteins CD5, CD8, and CD11a
were significantly lower in patients with CFS compared to normal controls. Addition of glyconutrient homogenate to PBMC from
patients with CFS stimulated with phytohemagglutinin significantly increased the expression of each glycoprotein. Furthermore,
natural killer (NK) cell function was reduced in CFS patients. The glyconutrient preparation significantly enhanced NK cell
activity versus human herpes virus 6 (HHV-6)-infected H9 cells in an 8 h51Cr release assay compared to placebo for PBMC from patients with CFS (p<.01). Finally, apoptosis was significantly higher
in patients with CSF. The percentage of apoptotic cells was significantly decreased in PBMC from patients with CFS that had
been incubated for 48 h with glyconutrients. Thus, glyconutrients improved abnormal immune parameters in vitro in patients
with CFS.
Dr. See is an Independent Mannatech Associate. 相似文献
980.
Integrative medicine implies the ability to extract bits of information from seemingly disparate disciplines, and synthesize
them into something that is meaningful. Contemporary medical research is more apt to be driven by purely commercial incentives
that not only do not favor integrative efforts, but deliberately suppress them when vested interests are threatened. Good
health depends entirely on good communication whenever homeostasis is threatened. This requires a continual and instantaneous
exchange of information between the constituency of the internal environment that can only be comprehended by an integrative
approach. Various examples are given to illustrate these and other relevant issues. 相似文献