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931.
Edwin A. J. Van Hooft Mireille De Jong 《Journal of Occupational & Organizational Psychology》2009,82(2):295-316
Using the theory of planned behaviour (TPB), the role of behavioural, normative, and control beliefs and individualism/collectivism was examined in the context of job seeking for temporary employment. Data were collected in a two‐wave longitudinal design, using a culturally diverse sample of 138 temporary workers in The Netherlands. Results supported the TPB‐relationships, with the exception of the role of perceived behavioural control (PBC). Of the behavioural beliefs, sense of security, work–life balance, and status were most strongly related to intentions to seek temporary employment. Further, hypothesized moderating effects of collectivism were confirmed such that people low on collectivism were more strongly motivated by their personal attitudes about job seeking and less by perceptions of social pressure than people high on collectivism. Thus, the TPB was demonstrated to work somewhat differently depending on people's cultural value orientations. 相似文献
932.
Patrick D. Converse Mitchell H. Peterson Richard L. Griffith 《International Journal of Selection & Assessment》2009,17(1):47-60
The potential for faking on noncognitive measures in high stakes testing situations remains a concern for many selection researchers and practitioners. However, the majority of previous research examining the practical effects of faking on noncognitive assessments has focused on these measures in isolation, rather than the more common situation in which they are used in combination with other predictors. The present simulation examined the effects of faking on a conscientiousness measure on criterion‐related validity, mean performance of those selected, and selection decision consistency when hiring decisions were based on this measure alone vs in combination with two other predictors across a range of likely selection scenarios. Overall, results indicated that including additional predictors substantially reduced – but did not eliminate – the negative effects of faking. Faking effects varied across outcomes and selection scenarios, with effects ranging from trivial to noteworthy even for multiple‐predictor selection. Implications for future research and practice are discussed. 相似文献
933.
Research examining links between personality and interest have typically focused on links between measures of the five factor model and Holland’s RIASEC types. However, the five factor model of personality can be divided in to a larger set of narrow domain personality scales measuring facets of the ‘big five’ traits. Research in a number of fields indicates that facet scales are effective for clarifying the relationship between personality and other broad constructs, including academic achievement, job performance, stress and coping, and achievement motivation. In the present study links between personality facets and the RIASEC model were examined using property vector fitting. Obtained results are consistent with previous research suggesting that the use of facet-level personality measures can clarify relations between personality and other constructs, and provides new information linking personality facets and interests. The use of facet-level measures of personality expands the range of personality concepts that can be presented to individuals who are exploring career options. 相似文献
934.
Thomas Ågotnes Wiebe Van der Hoek Juan A. Rodríguez-Aguilar Carles Sierra Michael Wooldridge 《Studia Logica》2009,92(1):1-26
We define a multi-modal version of Computation Tree Logic (ctl) by extending the language with path quantifiers E
δ
and A
δ
where δ denotes one of finitely many dimensions, interpreted over Kripke structures with one total relation for each dimension. As
expected, the logic is axiomatised by taking a copy of a ctl axiomatisation for each dimension. Completeness is proved by employing the completeness result for ctl to obtain a model along each dimension in turn. We also show that the logic is decidable and that its satisfiability problem
is no harder than the corresponding problem for ctl. We then demonstrate how Normative Systems can be conceived as a natural interpretation of such a multi-dimensional ctl logic.
Presented by Jacek Malinowski 相似文献
935.
936.
William G. Rantz Alyce M. Dickinson Gilbert A. Sinclair Ron Van Houten 《Journal of applied behavior analysis》2009,42(3):497-509
This study examined whether pilots completed airplane checklists more accurately when they receive postflight graphic and verbal feedback. Participants were 8 college students who are pilots with an instrument rating. The task consisted of flying a designated flight pattern using a personal computer aviation training device (PCATD). The dependent variables were the number of checklist items completed correctly. A multiple baseline design across pairs of participants with withdrawal of treatment was employed in this study. During baseline, participants were given postflight technical feedback. During intervention, participants were given postflight graphic feedback on checklist use and praise for improvements along with technical feedback. The intervention produced near perfect checklist performance, which was maintained following a return to the baseline conditions. 相似文献
937.
Majerus S Heiligenstein L Gautherot N Poncelet M Van der Linden M 《Journal of experimental child psychology》2009,103(1):66-86
This study investigated the role of auditory selective attention capacities as a possible mediator of the well-established association between verbal short-term memory (STM) and vocabulary development. A total of 47 6- and 7-year-olds were administered verbal immediate serial recall and auditory attention tasks. Both task types probed processing of item and serial order information because recent studies have shown this distinction to be critical when exploring relations between STM and lexical development. Multiple regression and variance partitioning analyses highlighted two variables as determinants of vocabulary development: (a) a serial order processing variable shared by STM order recall and a selective attention task for sequence information and (b) an attentional variable shared by selective attention measures targeting item or sequence information. The current study highlights the need for integrative STM models, accounting for conjoined influences of attentional capacities and serial order processing capacities on STM performance and the establishment of the lexical language network. 相似文献
938.
Marjolein Luman Steffen J. P. van Noesel Alky Papanikolau Janneke Van Oostenbruggen-Scheffer Diane Veugelers Joseph A. Sergeant Jaap Oosterlaan 《Journal of abnormal child psychology》2009,37(8):1123-1135
This study compared children with ADHD-only, ADHD+ODD and normal controls (age 8–12) on three key neurocognitive functions:
response inhibition, reinforcement sensitivity, and temporal information processing. The goal was twofold: (a) to investigate
neurocognitive impairments in children with ADHD-only and children with ADHD+ODD, and (b) to test whether ADHD+ODD is a more
severe from of ADHD in terms of neurocognitive performance. In Experiment 1, inhibition abilities were measured using the
Stop Task. In Experiment 2, reinforcement sensitivity and temporal information processing abilities were measured using a
Timing Task with both a reward and penalty condition. Compared to controls, children with ADHD-only demonstrated impaired
inhibitory control, showed more time underestimations, and showed performance deterioration in the face of reward and penalty.
Children with ADHD+ODD performed in-between children with ADHD-only and controls in terms of inhibitory controls and the tendency
to underestimate time, but were more impaired than controls and children with ADHD-only in terms of timing variability. In
the face of reward and penalty children with ADHD+ODD improved their performance compared to a neutral condition, in contrast
to children with ADHD-only. In the face of reward, the performance improvement in the ADHD+ODD group was disproportionally
larger than that of controls. Taken together the findings suggest that, in terms of neurocognitive functioning, comorbid ADHD+ODD
is a substantial different entity than ADHD-only. 相似文献
939.
Sarah S. W. De Pauw Ivan Mervielde Karla G. Van Leeuwen 《Journal of abnormal child psychology》2009,37(3):309-325
The lack of empirical research relating temperament models and personality hinders conceptual integration and holds back research
linking childhood traits to problem behavior or maladjustment. This study evaluates, within a sample of 443 preschoolers,
the relationships between children’s maladaptation and traits measured by three temperament models (Thomas and Chess, Buss
and Plomin, and Rothbart), and a Five-Factor based personality model. Adequate reliabilities and expected factor structures
are demonstrated for most scales. A joint principal component analysis combining 28 temperament and 18 personality scales
indicates a six-factor model, distinguishing Sociability, Activity, Conscientiousness, Disagreeableness, Emotionality, and
Sensitivity. Regression analyses reveal that although single temperament and personality scales explain from 23% to 37% of
problem behavior variance, the six components explain from 41% to 49% and provide a clearer differentiation among CBCL-problem
scales. This age-specific taxonomy refines and corroborates conclusions based on narrative reviews and furnishes a more balanced
view of trait–maladjustment relationships.
相似文献
Sarah S. W. De PauwEmail: |
940.
Patrick J. Carroll Robert M. Arkin Steven D. Seidel John Morris 《Motivation and emotion》2009,33(4):373-386
Typically, people rate enhancement needs as more important than security needs to their well-being. Two studies tested whether
event valence and prior trauma moderate relative need importance. Traumatized (hurricane survivors) and non-traumatized (control)
participants recalled the most “distressing” (security-relevant) or “satisfying” (enhancement-relevant) event they had recently
experienced and rated the importance of 10 needs in defining the event. In both studies, event valence moderated relative
need importance on explicit (salience) and implicit (affect) measures as enhancement needs were more important for enhancement-relevant
(satisfying) events whereas security needs were more important for security-relevant (distressing) events. However, results
also suggest that differences in traumatic experience across samples moderated the effect of event valence on relative need
importance. Unlike non-traumatized (control) participants, traumatized (hurricane survivors) participants did not reassign
greater importance to enhancement over security needs when event valence shifted to enhancement-relevant (satisfying) memories.
We close by discussing implications for human motivation. 相似文献