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81.
Alan Kingstone Patricia A. Reuter-Lorenz Robert Fendrich C. Mark Wessinger 《Attention, perception & psychophysics》1995,57(6):796-801
Extinguishing a fixation point shortly before, or concurrently with, the onset of a peripheral visual target reduces the latency of saccades to that target. Saslow (1967) hypothesized that thisgap effect might occur because fixation point offsets reduce the incidence of corrective microsaccades with an associated saccadic refractory period. In the present study, a robust gap effect was obtained. However, using a Purkinje image eyetracker with 1 arcmin of resolution, we found that fixation point offsets had no effect on the occurrence of microsaccades and that the occurrence of microsaccades had no impact on the magnitude of the gap effect. Microsaccades therefore do not appear to play any part in the production of the gap effect. 相似文献
82.
Patricia Frazier Gale Valtinson Suzanne Candell 《Journal of counseling and development : JCD》1994,73(2):153-158
This article illustrates one way in which counselors can contribute to victim services on campus besides providing direct remedial services. Specifically, the authors describe a project in which they designed, implemented, and evaluated a rape prevention program. The program was coeducational and interactive and was presented to members of sororities and fraternities. Those who participated in the program endorsed fewer rape-supportive attitudes than did the control group immediately following the program, although the two groups no longer differed at the one month follow-up. Recommendations are provided for counselors interested in developing and evaluating similar programs. 相似文献
83.
Mechanisms of Verbal Short-Term Memory 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Nelson Cowan 《Current directions in psychological science》1994,3(6):185-189
84.
Sociometric measures were used to predict help seeking behaviors of youth in a residential treatment center. Seventeen female adolescents with conduct disorders were asked to choose three peers in their group who were most popular, similar, and competent. These sociometric measures were correlated with the degree to which the participants would seek help from their peers across four problem scenarios representing actual situations encountered in residential settings. A multiple linear regression analysis suggested that sociometric measures of “competence” was the best predictor of intentions to seek help across the problem scenarios. Discussion focused on the implications of using sociometric measures within a residential treatment setting. 相似文献
85.
86.
Patricia E. Boverie Denise J. Scheuffele Elizabeth L. Raymond 《Current psychology (New Brunswick, N.J.)》1994,13(4):289-302
Research on risk-taking behavior has shown to yield inconsistent findings. Three studies were conducted using four different
analysis techniques. The first study used a phenomenological approach and qualitative analysis to gain an understanding of
risk-taking. A model of factors relating to risk-taking was developed and tested in a second study. The third study was conducted
to develop scales of risk and used magnitude estimation and multidimensional scaling techniques. Results from the studies
confirmed the multidimensionality of the construct of risk-taking. Also indicated was a gender difference in risk-taking behavior
and perception. These studies expand our knowledge of risk-taking behavior in that 1) a method of categorizing risks was developed,
2) gender similarities and differences in risk-taking were explored, and 3) perceived magnitude and underlying dimensions
of risk were developed. 相似文献
87.
88.
Patricia Rockwell 《Journal of psycholinguistic research》1996,25(3):431-441
The effects of variations in speaker rate and pitch on listener recall were studied. One hundred and twenty participants listened to an audiotape of one of two individuals speaking in one of four different styles-low variation in both rate and pitch, variation in rate but not in pitch, variation in pitch but not in rate, and variation in both rate and pitch. After hearing the audiotape, listeners were tested on the information in the presentation; they also completed questionnaires rating the speaker's benevolence and competence. Results indicated that the combined effect of pitch and rate variety significantly increased listener recall over no variety or pitch variety or rate variety alone. Additionally, pitch variety and combined pitch and rate variety significantly increased attributions of speaker competence over no variety or rate variety alone, but significantly decreased attributions of speaker benevolence. 相似文献
89.
Marilyn A. Ganje-Fling Patricia McCarthy 《Journal of counseling and development : JCD》1996,74(3):253-258
The spiritual development of sexually traumatized clients is an important area of concern for counselors. In this paper, spirituality is defined, and its relevance for counselors who work with childhood sexual abuse survivors is discussed. Impact of abuse on client spirituality is described, and several suggestions are given for assessment and intervention approaches that address spiritual issues as part of the counseling process. 相似文献
90.
Maureen W. Lovett Susan L. Borden Patricia M. Warren-Chaplin Léa Lacerenza Teresa DeLuca Rosa Giovinazzo 《Brain and language》1996,54(3):447-480
Forty-six reading disabled adolescents were randomly assigned to one of three 25-hr instructional programs. Two programs provided training in expository text comprehension, and a third offered training in academic problem solving and organizational and study skills (an alternative treatment control). One reading comprehension program was designed to remediate a deficient knowledge base, forcing disabled readers to elaborate and further process new text knowledge, focusing on both specific informational content in a text and knowledge of text structure per se. The second program was patterned after the Palincsar and Brown (1984) reciprocal teaching techniques and focused on training four text comprehension strategies used by skilled comprehenders. Both the “knowledge-base” and the “strategy” training approaches were associated with significant improvement in disabled readers' comprehension skills, although training effects did not generalize across all aspects of reading comprehension performance. Strategy-trained readers applied the trained strategies with equal success on instructed and uninstructed text materials, providing strong evidence of transfer of learning. Knowledge-base readers also demonstrated successful transfer of specifically trained procedures (semantic mapping, text analysis) to unfamiliar text. In both programs, the best outcomes were obtained when specific strategies and operations were targeted for training. 相似文献