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161.
Lore Willem Patricia Bijttebier Laurence Claes Antje Uytterhaegen 《Journal of psychopathology and behavioral assessment》2012,34(2):282-292
The present study investigated the associations between temperamental reactivity, drinking motives, alcohol consumption and
alcohol-related consequences. Furthermore, it investigated whether drinking motives mediate the relations between temperamental
reactivity and the alcohol use variables. The sample consisted of 188 adolescents (64.9% boys) between the ages of 13–20 years
(M
age
= 16.9, SD = 1.32). Results revealed that the temperament factors of high BAS fun seeking and high negative affectivity were related
to alcohol consumption and alcohol-related consequences respectively. Furthermore, high social and enhancement motives and
low conformity motives were associated with alcohol consumption, whereas high coping-depression motives were associated with
alcohol-related consequences. Finally, the relation between BAS fun seeking and alcohol consumption was mediated by enhancement
and social motives and the association between negative affectivity and alcohol-related consequences was mediated by coping-depression
motives. These results highlight the importance of focusing on temperament profiles and their associated drinking motives
in the prevention and intervention of alcohol use problems among adolescents. 相似文献
162.
Kelly C. Berg Carol B. Peterson Patricia Frazier 《Journal of counseling and development : JCD》2012,90(3):262-269
Despite the prevalence of and risk associated with disordered eating, there are few guidelines for counselors on how to conduct an eating disorder assessment. Given the importance of the clinical interview, the purpose of this article is to provide recommendations for the assessment and diagnosis of eating disorders that (a) specifically focus on assessment in the context of a clinical interview and (b) can be used by counselors whether or not they specialize in eating disorder treatment. 相似文献
163.
164.
Gay, lesbian, bisexual, and transgender (GLBT) individuals comprise a growing patient population in genetic counseling, yet
literature on working with this population is scarce. This study sought to investigate GLBT patient experiences in genetic
counseling and genetic counselor attitudes and practices when counseling GLBT patients. Twenty-nine GLB individuals who had
previously participated in genetic counseling, and 213 genetic counselors completed online surveys. No individuals identifying
as transgender participated. The patient survey assessed disclosure of orientation, discrimination in genetic counseling,
and quality of services received. The counselor survey assessed comfort with and attitudes about counseling GLBT patients,
disclosure of counselor orientation, and whether they counsel differently with this population. Every patient denied experiencing
discrimination during their session, but 17% reported their genetic counselor assumed they were heterosexual, and 45% indicated
intake forms were not GLBT-inclusive. A majority of counselors (91%) reported having counseled GLBT patients and indicated
they were comfortable doing so (86%), and 72% indicated no differences in their counseling approaches with GLBT patients.
Few counselors (17%) received training in GLBT issues, and most (61%) desired such education. Additional findings and practice
and research recommendations are presented. 相似文献
165.
166.
Kemeny ME Foltz C Cavanagh JF Cullen M Giese-Davis J Jennings P Rosenberg EL Gillath O Shaver PR Wallace BA Ekman P 《Emotion (Washington, D.C.)》2012,12(2):338-350
Contemplative practices are believed to alleviate psychological problems, cultivate prosocial behavior and promote self-awareness. In addition, psychological science has developed tools and models for understanding the mind and promoting well-being. Additional effort is needed to combine frameworks and techniques from these traditions to improve emotional experience and socioemotional behavior. An 8-week intensive (42 hr) meditation/emotion regulation training intervention was designed by experts in contemplative traditions and emotion science to reduce "destructive enactment of emotions" and enhance prosocial responses. Participants were 82 healthy female schoolteachers who were randomly assigned to a training group or a wait-list control group, and assessed preassessment, postassessment, and 5 months after training completion. Assessments included self-reports and experimental tasks to capture changes in emotional behavior. The training group reported reduced trait negative affect, rumination, depression, and anxiety, and increased trait positive affect and mindfulness compared to the control group. On a series of behavioral tasks, the training increased recognition of emotions in others (Micro-Expression Training Tool), protected trainees from some of the psychophysiological effects of an experimental threat to self (Trier Social Stress Test; TSST), appeared to activate cognitive networks associated with compassion (lexical decision procedure), and affected hostile behavior in the Marital Interaction Task. Most effects at postassessment that were examined at follow-up were maintained (excluding positive affect, TSST rumination, and respiratory sinus arrhythmia recovery). Findings suggest that increased awareness of mental processes can influence emotional behavior, and they support the benefit of integrating contemplative theories/practices with psychological models and methods of emotion regulation. 相似文献
167.
Drebing CE Mueller L Van Ormer EA Duffy P LePage J Rosenheck R Drake R Rose GS King K Penk W 《Psychological services》2012,9(1):49-63
The current study provides naturalistic data documenting the pathways-to-care to vocational services for 155 veterans who were receiving some form of mental health care from the Veterans Health Administration and had a vocational need but were not currently enrolled in vocational services. Of the participants, 94.2% had recognized their vocational need, 80.6% reported that they or someone else had sought help to alleviate the need, and 77.4% had previously received some form of vocational services. The median length of the participants' vocational need was more than 4.2 years. Delays associated with recognition, help-seeking, and treatment entry all contributed to the overall delay in entering appropriate care. Filtering factors associated with quicker recognition, seeking help, and receiving services included diagnosis, level of disability, type of vocational need, and support from primary providers, family, and friends. The results provide information for designing interventions to improve service entry by adults with mental health problems and vocational needs. 相似文献
168.
169.
State mood has been proposed as a facilitator of creative behavior. Whereas positive mood compared to neutral mood generally facilitates creative performance, mood effects are weaker and less consistent when positive mood is compared to negative mood. These inconsistent results may be due to focusing only on mood valence, while neglecting or confounding mood activation. The current study is based on the dual-pathway model, which describes separate roles for mood valence and mood activation in facilitating creativity. We used experience sampling methodology to investigate the concurrent and lagged effects of mood valence and activation on creative process engagement (CPE) within-person over time among individuals working on a long-term project requiring creativity. We also investigated the moderating effects of individual differences in goal orientation and supervisory support on within-person mood-creativity relationships. As expected, we found that activating positive and activating negative moods were positively associated with concurrent CPE, whereas deactivating moods of both valences were negatively related to CPE. Activating negative mood had a significant lagged effect on CPE, whereas activating positive mood did not. We also found that activating positive mood was more strongly related to concurrent CPE among individuals with high rather than low learning goal orientation. Further, activating positive mood interacted with prove goal orientation and supervisory support for creativity, such that activating positive mood had the strongest association with CPE when both prove goal orientation and supervisory support were high. 相似文献
170.
Adam D. Pazda Andrew J. Elliot Tobias Greitemeyer 《Journal of experimental social psychology》2012,48(3):787-790
In many non-human primate species, female red displays are a signal of sexual receptivity and this signal attracts male conspecifics. In the present research, we proposed and tested a human analog whereby perceived sexual receptivity mediates the relation between red and sexual attraction in men viewing women. Two experiments were conducted, each of which provided support for the hypothesized mediational model. Experiment 1 documented the mediational role of perceived sexual receptivity using the experimental–causal-chain approach, and Experiment 2 did so using the measurement-of-mediation approach. Alternative mediator variable candidates were ruled out, and participants showed no evidence of awareness of the red effect. These findings document red as a subtle, but surprisingly powerful environmental stimulus that can serve parallel functions in the mating game for human and non-human primates. 相似文献