全文获取类型
收费全文 | 23431篇 |
免费 | 140篇 |
国内免费 | 1篇 |
出版年
2021年 | 35篇 |
2020年 | 45篇 |
2019年 | 60篇 |
2018年 | 3542篇 |
2017年 | 2866篇 |
2016年 | 2316篇 |
2015年 | 244篇 |
2014年 | 134篇 |
2013年 | 404篇 |
2012年 | 675篇 |
2011年 | 2489篇 |
2010年 | 2578篇 |
2009年 | 1550篇 |
2008年 | 1810篇 |
2007年 | 2270篇 |
2006年 | 124篇 |
2005年 | 318篇 |
2004年 | 283篇 |
2003年 | 203篇 |
2002年 | 151篇 |
2001年 | 94篇 |
2000年 | 103篇 |
1999年 | 66篇 |
1998年 | 65篇 |
1997年 | 71篇 |
1996年 | 51篇 |
1995年 | 43篇 |
1994年 | 48篇 |
1993年 | 42篇 |
1992年 | 43篇 |
1991年 | 33篇 |
1990年 | 49篇 |
1989年 | 44篇 |
1988年 | 42篇 |
1987年 | 39篇 |
1986年 | 27篇 |
1985年 | 35篇 |
1984年 | 45篇 |
1983年 | 34篇 |
1982年 | 40篇 |
1981年 | 41篇 |
1980年 | 28篇 |
1979年 | 22篇 |
1978年 | 40篇 |
1976年 | 35篇 |
1975年 | 33篇 |
1974年 | 21篇 |
1973年 | 31篇 |
1972年 | 24篇 |
1971年 | 28篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
111.
Patricia McChesney 《British Journal of Guidance & Counselling》1995,23(3):327-345
Contrasting approaches to the evaluation of careers education activities are outlined, one based on the organisational needs of careers services (an 'accountability' model), the other based on individual needs of careers advisers (a 'developmental' model). The case is considered for adopting educational research methods developed from the ethnographic research tradition, such as action research, to help careers advisers meet the challenges facing them in the development, delivery and evaluation of careers education in higher education. Practical experience is cited, together with some positive outcomes that have arisen from undertaking fieldwork research. The difficulties and dilemmas in carrying out such research are presented. 相似文献
112.
VICARIOUS TRAUMA The Effects on Female Counselors of Working with Sexual Violence Survivors 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
The primary purpose of this study was to assess the effects on counselors of working with sexual violence survivors. Members of a women psychologists' organization and a group of sexual violence counselors completed questionnaires regarding the extent of their work with survivors and their psychological functioning. Counselors who had a higher percentage of survivors in their caseload reported more disrupted beliefs, (particularly about the goodness of other people), more symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder, and more self-reported vicarious trauma. Symptomatology was not related to counselors' own history of victimization. Qualitative data regarding difficult and enjoyable aspects of working with survivors also were gathered, along with data on the strategies used by counselors to cope with work-related stress. implications for counselor training are discussed. 相似文献
113.
Robert L. Smith Jon Carlson Patricia Stevens-Smith Michelle Dennison 《Journal of counseling and development : JCD》1995,74(2):154-157
This article provides an overview of marriage and family counseling, including the growth and interest of this specialty within the American Counseling Association (ACA). Areas discussed include the evolution of marriage and family counseling within ACA, standards for training, credentialing, and unique ethical considerations when counseling couples and families. 相似文献
114.
This article focuses on the historical origin of the African-American male-female relationship dilemma and contemporary forces that have an impact on opportunities for intimacy and marriage among African-American women. Specifically, loss, communication, and stereotypes are examined as counseling issues that are relevant to African-American women in relationships. Implications for counseling and research are also discussed. 相似文献
115.
With the end of the cold war, issues of environment and economic development are assuming greater international salience.
By the 1970s, environmental degradation was becoming pervasive, with growing global effects. Increasingly, global and emergent
globalized problems are forcing environmental interdependence on the world. Transboundary threats cannot be addressed unilaterally
by any single country or group of countries. The global environmental agenda is reviving the North-South debate and rejuvenating
the Third World coalition in international fora.
The encouragement of environmentally sustainable forms of industrialization in the South requires expanded and improved international
cooperation. However, the North’s greater resources and greater responsibility in causing global environmental degradation
require its continuing involvement in the search for solutions, including ones applicable to newly industrializing countries.
In June 1992, the largest intergovernmental conference ever held was convened in Rio de Janeiro to address these issues: the
United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED, or the Earth Summit). It produced a consensus action plan
of about 700 pages: Agenda 21. Agenda 21 presents massive challenges for international cooperation as well as for national
and private actors and scientific and technical institutions. It reflects a complex configuration of demands for institutional
arrangements that support environmentally sustainable technical and socioeconomic change. One of the most consistent of the
Agenda 21 themes, and one of the most intractable issues, concerns “access to technology.” This can be as straightforward
as diagnosing and improving the efficiency of a production process in a small manufacturing firm, or as complex as engineering
a technological revolution in which production and consumption take place with virtually no material or energy loss to the
environment. The selection of entry points for action is a critical strategic problem as well as an important operational
issue.
In this paper I identify and describe new initiatives intended to improve the environmental performance of industry in the
South, and find that they largely aim to promote incremental industrial innovation through international technology transfer
and diffusion. This strategy raises many questions about how to promote effective technology transfer and diffusion.
This is a revised version of a paper prepared for the ORSTOM/UNESCO Conference “20th Century Science: Beyond the Metropolis,”
Paris, 19–23 Sept. 1994. 相似文献
116.
Patricia L. Tenpenny 《Psychonomic bulletin & review》1995,2(3):339-363
This paper reviews research relevant to the question of whether words are identified through the use of abstract lexical representations, specific episodic representations, or both. Several lines of evidence indicate that specific episodes participate in word identification. First, pure abstractionist theories can explain short-term but not long-term repetition priming. Second, long-term repetition priming is sensitive to changes in surface features or episodic context between presentations of a word. Finally, long-term priming for pseudowords is also difficult for pure abstractionist theories to explain. Alternative approaches to word identification are discussed, including both pure episodic theories and theories in which both episodes and abstract representations play a role. 相似文献
117.
Dena S Davis 《Kennedy Institute of Ethics journal》1995,5(4):343-354
The creation of embryos for research use has drawn a great deal of criticism. It is difficult to defend an ethical distinction between what one can do to "spare" embryos and what one can do to "research" embryos. The strongest ground on which to argue against the creation of embryos for research is a symbolic one, having to do with respect for human life. Ronald Dworkin's work in Life's Dominion on the symbolic meaning of the abortion debate throws a helpful light on this dispute. By understanding the basic question to be, Does the creation of research embryos weaken or insult our communal respect for the sanctity of human life in some way that in vitro fertilization (IVF) or the experimental use of "spare" embryos does not?, the debate can move in a more constructive direction. 相似文献
118.
Michael Davis 《Science and engineering ethics》1995,1(1):33-48
This article attempts to distinguish between science and technology, on the one hand, and engineering, on the other, offering
a brief introduction to engineering values and engineering ethics. The method is (roughly) a philosophical examination of
history. Engineering turns out to be a relatively recent enterprise, barely three hundred years old, to have distinctive commitments
both technical and moral, and to have changed a good deal both technically and morally during that period. What motivates
the paper is the belief that a too-easy equation of engineering with technology tends to obscure the special contribution
of engineers to technology and to their own professional standards and so, to obscure as well both the origin and content
of engineering ethics. 相似文献
119.
Alan Kingstone Patricia A. Reuter-Lorenz Robert Fendrich C. Mark Wessinger 《Attention, perception & psychophysics》1995,57(6):796-801
Extinguishing a fixation point shortly before, or concurrently with, the onset of a peripheral visual target reduces the latency of saccades to that target. Saslow (1967) hypothesized that thisgap effect might occur because fixation point offsets reduce the incidence of corrective microsaccades with an associated saccadic refractory period. In the present study, a robust gap effect was obtained. However, using a Purkinje image eyetracker with 1 arcmin of resolution, we found that fixation point offsets had no effect on the occurrence of microsaccades and that the occurrence of microsaccades had no impact on the magnitude of the gap effect. Microsaccades therefore do not appear to play any part in the production of the gap effect. 相似文献
120.
Patricia Frazier Gale Valtinson Suzanne Candell 《Journal of counseling and development : JCD》1994,73(2):153-158
This article illustrates one way in which counselors can contribute to victim services on campus besides providing direct remedial services. Specifically, the authors describe a project in which they designed, implemented, and evaluated a rape prevention program. The program was coeducational and interactive and was presented to members of sororities and fraternities. Those who participated in the program endorsed fewer rape-supportive attitudes than did the control group immediately following the program, although the two groups no longer differed at the one month follow-up. Recommendations are provided for counselors interested in developing and evaluating similar programs. 相似文献