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31.
Patrice Philie 《Philosophical Studies》2007,134(2):183-210
On an internalist account of logical inference, we are warranted in drawing conclusions from accepted premises on the basis
of our knowledge of logical laws. Lewis Carroll’s regress challenges internalism by purporting to show that this kind of warrant
cannot ground the move from premises to conclusion. Carroll’s regress vindicates a repudiation of internalism and leads to
the espousal of a standpoint that regards our inferential practice as not being grounded on our knowledge of logical laws.
Such a standpoint can take two forms. One can adopt either a broadly externalist model of inference or a sceptical stance.
I will attempt, in what follows, to defend a version of internalism which is not affected by the regress. The main strategy
will be to show that externalism and scepticism are not satisfying standpoints to adopt with regard to our inferential practice,
and then to suggest an internalist alternative. 相似文献
32.
Recognition memory performance reflects two distinct memory processes: a conscious process of recollection, which allows remembering specific details of a previous event, and familiarity, which emerges in the absence of any conscious information about the context in which the event occurred. Slow wave sleep (SWS) and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep are differentially involved in the consolidation of different types of memory. The study assessed the effects of SWS and REM sleep on recollection, by means of the "remember"/"know" paradigm. Subjects studied three blocks of 12 words before a 3-h retention interval filled with SWS, REM sleep or wakefulness, placed between 3 a.m. and 6 a.m. Afterwards, recognition and recollection were tested. Recollection was higher after a retention interval rich in SWS than after a retention interval rich in REM sleep or filled with wakefulness. The results suggest that SWS facilitates the process of recollection in recognition memory. 相似文献
33.
To investigate dropout from parenting programs for disruptive behavior disorders, we followed 18 clients prospectively from
the beginning of a manualized treatment program to three month follow-up. Using qualitative and quantitative methods, we then
compared those who dropped out of the program with those who completed it. We found that in general, those participants who
dropped out of the program were parents of children with more disturbed behavior, who perceived their children to be more
difficult than others, and who experienced more subjective parenting stress. Those who dropped out were also not convinced
that the strategies proposed in the program to help manage their children were useful. On the other hand, those who completed
the program reported a determination to persevere with the strategies which they saw as assisting them to re-establish positive
relationships with their adolescent children. The findings are discussed in the context of how manualized programs might be
modified to increase retention. 相似文献
34.
The unconscious-thought effect occurs when distraction improves complex decision-making. In two experiments using the unconscious-thought paradigm, we investigated the effect of presentation format of decision information (i) on memory for decision-relevant information and (ii) on the quality of decisions made after distraction, conscious deliberation or immediately. We used the process-dissociation procedure to measure recollection and familiarity. The two studies showed that presenting information blocked per criterion led participants to recollect more decision-relevant details compared to a presentation by option. Moreover, a Bayesian meta-analysis of the two studies provided strong evidence that conscious deliberation resulted in better decisions when the information was presented blocked per criterion and substantial evidence that distraction improved decision quality when the information was presented blocked per option. Finally, Study 2 revealed that the recollection of decision-relevant details mediated the effect of presentation format on decision quality in the deliberation condition. This suggests that recollection contributes to conscious deliberation efficacy. 相似文献
35.
36.
Philosophia - Recently, thinkers not known for their relativist or sceptical tendencies have raised serious doubts about the objectivity of rule-following judgements. While they may not have given... 相似文献
37.
38.
Selcuk R. Sirin Taveeshi Gupta Patrice Ryce Dalal Katsiaficas Carola Suárez-Orozco Lauren Rogers-Sirin 《Journal of applied developmental psychology》2013
This longitudinal study of 286, urban residing, first- and second-generation immigrant adolescents examined the degree to which acculturative stress is related to the developmental trajectories of mental health problems and the role of social support in this process. Participants were recruited when they entered 10th grade and two additional waves of data were gathered at 12-month intervals. Using individual growth curve modeling, the results show significant decline in internalizing mental health problems during the high school years. At the same time, greater exposure to acculturative stress predicted significantly more withdrawn/depressed, somatic, and anxious/depressed symptoms. Additionally, social support moderated the relation between acculturative stress and anxious/depressed symptoms. Gender and generation status differences were found only at baseline (10th grade). 相似文献
39.
Patrice R. Rougier Jeanne Marsande Max James Manu Brachet 《Journal of motor behavior》2013,45(6):603-609
Postural strategies of healthy young adults to control tandem stance were investigated through the calculation of the relative contribution of the two loading-unloading (LU) and pressure-distribution (PD) mechanisms and the two legs for controlling the resultant center-of-pressure (CPRes) displacements. Weight-bearing asymmetry and limb dominance were also studied. For antero-posterior and medio-lateral CPRes displacements, LU and PD mechanisms mainly contribute, respectively. A significant LU contribution is nonetheless observed for medio-lateral control, due to a lateral gap between the CP positions under each foot despite a strict sagittal alignment for the two feet. Moreover, for medio-lateral control, the respective involvement of the two legs is related to the level of weight-bearing asymmetry, whereas the front leg mainly controls the antero-posterior sway. By specifying potential effects of body-weight asymmetry and limb dominance, to a better testing of patients with deficiencies in lateral sway control. 相似文献
40.
Christian W Troll J. Brockington G.A.P Harvey Terence Thomas Hyam Maccoby Bernard M.G Reardon 《Religion》2013,43(3):287-292
Geoffrey Hartman (ed.), Bitburg in Moral and Political Perspective. Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press, 1986. Haneda Nobuo (translator) December Fan. The Buddhist Essays of Manshi Kiyozawa. Kyoto, Higashi Honganji Publication Department, 1984, 98 pp. 相似文献