排序方式: 共有52条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
41.
Luca Stefanutti Jürgen Heller Pasquale Anselmi Egidio Robusto 《Behavior research methods》2012,44(4):1197-1211
Given a collection Q of problems, in knowledge space theory Doignon & Falmagne, (International Journal of Man–Machine Studies 23:175–196, 1985) the knowledge state of a student is the collection K ? Q of all problems that this student is capable of solving. A knowledge structure is a pair (Q, ), where is a collection of knowledge states that contains at least the empty set and Q. A probabilistic knowledge structure (PKS) is a knowledge structure (Q, , π), where π is a probability distribution on the knowledge states. The PKS that has received the most attention is the basic local independence model BLIM; Falmagne & Doignon, (British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology 41:1–23, 1988a, Journal of Mathematical Psychology 32:232–258, 1988b). To the best of our knowledge, systematic investigations in the literature concerning the identifiability of the BLIM are totally missing. Based on the theoretical work of Bamber and van Santen (Journal of Mathematical Psychology 29:443–473, 1985), the present article is aimed to present a method and a corresponding computerized procedure for assessing the local identifiability of the BLIM, which is applicable to any finite knowledge structure of moderate size. 相似文献
42.
Debarnot U Valenza G Champely S Scilingo EP De Rossi D Guillot A 《Cognitive, affective & behavioral neuroscience》2011,11(1):22-31
Physical practice is known to enhance motor adaptation skills, which refer to the individual ability to compensate for environmental
changes. So far, it is still unknown whether a similar effect can be observed following motor imagery (MI). Thirty-nine participants
were tested during a joystick tracking task under both normal and mirror conditions (i.e., the inductive direction of the
joystick was reversed), before and after a physical practice or MI training phase. Eye movements and electromyographic activity
were recorded during MI. Motor performance was also evaluated after a 6 h interval during daytime. As compared to the control
group, the results revealed that both MI and physical practice improved motor performance in the mirror condition, during
the post-training test. Furthermore, the time to complete the task was further reduced after 6 hours, both in the normal and
mirror conditions. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of MI for learning mirror-reversed movements, and for the consolidation
process that follows motor adaptation. 相似文献
43.
Andrea Sgoifo Donatella Stilli Ezio Musso Danilo Mainardi Stefano Parmigiani 《Aggressive behavior》1992,18(1):47-52
The attacks by resident lactating Wistar rats on sexually naive conspecifics of both sexes were examined. Male and female intruders were equally attacked in terms of frequency and number of bites, but the topographies of biting seen in these encounters were different. Similarly to male-male agonistic interactions, females were attacked in a fashion which avoided bites to the head and snout (“offensive” attack), whereas males were frequently bitten on such vulnerable regions (“defensive” attack). This dichotomy in bite pattern suggests that different motivations and functions underlay maternal aggression in these situations. The defensive attack on males may be a deterrent to infanticide since only male intruders counterattack lactating females and kill their pups. The attack on females may be concerned with resource competition. 相似文献
44.
Within the framework of knowledge space theory, a probabilistic skill multimap model for assessing learning processes is proposed.
The learning process of a student is modeled as a function of the interaction between his competence state and the effect
of a learning object on specific skills. Model parameters are initial probabilities of the skills, effects of learning objects
on gaining and losing the skills, careless error, and lucky guess probabilities of the problems. A simulation study assessed
model identifiability and goodness-of-recovery under several conditions. Practical implications of using the model are discussed,
and the MATLAB code for simulating, estimating and testing it is available in the Psychonomic Society supplemental archive. 相似文献
45.
Pasquale Anselmi Egidio Robusto Luca Stefanutti Debora de Chiusole 《Psychometrika》2016,81(2):461-482
In knowledge space theory, existing adaptive assessment procedures can only be applied when suitable estimates of their parameters are available. In this paper, an iterative procedure is proposed, which upgrades its parameters with the increasing number of assessments. The first assessments are run using parameter values that favor accuracy over efficiency. Subsequent assessments are run using new parameter values estimated on the incomplete response patterns from previous assessments. Parameter estimation is carried out through a new probabilistic model for missing-at-random data. Two simulation studies show that, with the increasing number of assessments, the performance of the proposed procedure approaches that of gold standards. 相似文献
46.
Roberge P Marchand A Reinharz D Cloutier K Mainguy N Miller JM Bégin J Turcotte J 《Cognitive behaviour therapy》2005,34(2):79-88
The aim of this study was to examine the overall changes in healthcare services utilization after providing an empirically supported cognitive-behavioral treatment for panic disorder with agoraphobia. Data on healthcare utilization were collected for a total of 84 adults meeting DSM-IV criteria. Participants were completers of a cognitive-behavioral treatment for panic disorder with agoraphobia. Data on utilization of healthcare services and medication were obtained from semi-structured interviews from baseline to 1-year after treatment. Results of the Friedman non-parametric analysis reveal a significant decrease in overall and mental health-related costs following treatment. This study shows a significant reduction in healthcare costs following cognitive behavior therapy for panic disorder with agoraphobia. More studies are needed to examine the potential long-term cost-offset effect of empirically supported treatments for panic disorder. 相似文献
47.
While dreaming amputees often experience a normal body image and the phantom limb may not be present. However, dreaming experiences in amputees have mainly been collected by questionnaires. We analysed the dream reports of amputated patients with phantom limb collected after awakening from REM sleep during overnight videopolysomnography (VPSG). Six amputated patients underwent overnight VPSG study. Patients were awakened during REM sleep and asked to report their dreams. Three patients were able to deliver an account of a dream. In all dreaming recalls, patients reported that the amputated limbs were intact and completely functional and they no longer experienced phantom limb sensations. Phantom limb experiences, that during wake result from a conflict between a pre-existing body scheme and the sensory information on the missing limb, were suppressed during sleep in our patients in favour of the image of an intact body accessed during dream. 相似文献
48.
Mark Baetz Lucia Zivcakova Eileen Wood Amanda Nosko Domenica De Pasquale Karin Archer 《Journal of Academic Ethics》2011,9(3):217-234
The present study assessed business students’ responses to an innovative interactive presentation on academic integrity that
employed quoted material from previous students as launching points for discussion. In total, 15 business classes (n = 412 students) including 2nd, 3rd and 4th year level students participated in the presentations as part of the ethics component
of ongoing courses. Students’ perceptions of the importance of academic integrity, self-reports of cheating behaviors, and
factors contributing to misconduct were examined along with perceptions about the presentation. Discussion sessions revealed
that academic misconduct is a complex issue. For example, knowledge of what constitutes misconduct was not consistent across
domains (e.g. exam contexts versus group work), penalties were not wholly known, and there was variation in perceived responsibility
for reporting and representing academic integrity. Survey measures revealed that self-reported academic misconduct was more
prevalent than expected with only 7.5% of students indicating they had never cheated in any way. Furthermore, results showed
gender and year of study as predictive factors for issues related to academic misconduct. In general, students were receptive
to this form of presentation. The implications of such instructional interventions for enhancing ethical behaviors in higher
education classrooms are discussed. 相似文献
49.