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981.
982.
983.
Ayten Zara Page Hilal Kaplan Nazli Erdogan Filiz Guler 《Journal of aggression, maltreatment & trauma》2013,22(3):280-292
This study investigated posttraumatic stress and depression reactions among survivors of the Istanbul November 2003 terrorist bombings that destroyed synagogues, an HSBC bank, and the British General Consulate. One hundred and forty-nine survivors completed a questionnaire measuring exposure, current posttraumatic stress, and depression responses 6 months after the blasts. This study showed that the prevalence rate of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among survivors was 35.6%?and the rate of depression was 23.5%. PTSD was strongly predicted by perceived life threat, whereas depression was strongly predicted by death of a close friend. Overall, female survivors were found to be more vulnerable to developing posttraumatic stress as well as depression after the terrorist bombings. 相似文献
984.
Stewart J. H. McCann 《创造力研究杂志》2013,25(4):339-345
This study was conducted to determine the relation of creative production to conservatism and openness to experience with American states as the units of analysis. Patents per state population from 2001 to 2005 served as the criterion. Conservatism was gauged by a composite based on (a) state-aggregated conservative self-placement among over 141,000 respondents to 122 national telephone surveys between 1976 and 1988 and (b) state percentage voting for Bush in 2004. State openness scores were based on state-aggregated survey responses of over 600,000 residents to a common Big Five personality questionnaire. For 46 states (excluding Alaska, Hawaii, Nevada, and Idaho because of lack of suitable data), patents per state population was negatively related to conservatism (r = ? .65) and positively related to openness (r = .50). These associations persisted when state socioeconomic status (SES), estimates of IQ, and degree of urbanization were statistically considered. Multiple regression analysis showed that conservatism and openness together accounted for 46.5% of the criterion variance without controls and 22.7% with SES controlled. Variance in state creative production accounted for by conservatism and openness indicated that the 2 predictors had both overlapping and separate components but that conservatism was the predominant of the 2 dispositional variables. 相似文献
985.
The present study evaluated the effects of both a traditional lecture and the conservative dual-criterion (CDC) judgment aid on the ability of 6 university students to visually inspect AB-design line graphs. The traditional lecture reliably failed to improve visual inspection accuracy, whereas the CDC method substantially improved the performance of each participant. 相似文献
986.
Barnes-Holmes D Regan D Barnes-Holmes Y Commins S Walsh D Stewart I Smeets PM Whelan R Dymond S 《Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior》2005,84(3):435-451
The current study aimed to test a Relational Frame Theory (RFT) model of analogical reasoning based on the relating of derived same and derived difference relations. Experiment 1 recorded reaction time measures of similar-similar (e.g., \"apple is to orange as dog is to cat\") versus different-different (e.g., \"he is to his brother as chalk is to cheese\") derived relational responding, in both speed-contingent and speed-noncontingent conditions. Experiment 2 examined the event-related potentials (ERPs) associated with these two response patterns. Both experiments showed similar-similar responding to be significantly faster than different-different responding. Experiment 2 revealed significant differences between the waveforms of the two response patterns in the left-hemispheric prefrontal regions; different-different waveforms were significantly more negative than similar-similar waveforms. The behavioral and neurophysiological data support the RFT prediction that, all things being equal, similar-similar responding is relationally \"simpler\" than, and functionally distinct from, different-different analogical responding. The ERP data were fully consistent with findings in the neurocognitive literature on analogy. These findings strengthen the validity of the RFT model of analogical reasoning and supplement the behavior-analytic approach to analogy based on the relating of derived relations. 相似文献
987.
William J. Boyes Allen K. Lynch Wm. Stewart Mounts 《Journal of applied social psychology》2007,37(5):1130-1140
The practice of setting prices a few pennies or a few dollars below an even (whole) number is referred to as odd pricing. Most attempts to explain odd pricing use an argument that, in part, draws on varying degrees of consumer irrationality. In this note, a justification for odd pricing is provided that assumes rational and informed consumers and businesses. Empirical evidence is offered in support of this view. 相似文献
988.
Kerry A. Reynolds Vicki S. Helgeson Howard Seltman Denise Janicki Elizabeth Page‐Gould Margaret Wardle 《Journal of applied social psychology》2006,36(7):1595-1616
The current study examined the impact of interpersonal conflict on mood and physical symptoms for individuals who scored high on a personality characteristic called unmitigated communion (UC), as compared to individuals who did not score high in UC. UC is defined as a focus on others to the exclusion of the self. Forty‐one undergraduate students participated in 7 consecutive nightly interviews. Participants described their social interactions, indicated whether the interaction involved interpersonal conflict, and indicated their distress and physical symptoms at the end of the day. Multilevel modeling analysis demonstrated that conflict adversely affected UC and non‐UC individuals similarly on the same day, but had a more negative impact for UC individuals on the following day. 相似文献
989.
Two experiments were conducted using match-to-sample methodologies in an effort to model lexical classes, which include both arbitrary and perceptual relations between class members. Training in both experiments used a one-to-many mapping procedure with nonsense syllables as samples and eight sets of abstract stimuli as comparisons. These abstract stimuli differed along a number of dimensions, four of which were critical to the experimenter-defined class membership. Stimuli in some comparison sets included only one of the class-defining features, but stimuli in other sets included two, three, or all four of the critical features. After mastery of the baseline training, three types of probe tests were conducted: symmetry, transitivity/equivalence, and novel probe tests in which the training nonsense syllables served as samples, and comparisons were novel abstract stimuli that included one or more of the class-defining features. Symmetry and transitivity/equivalence probe tests showed that the stimuli used in training became members of equivalence classes. The novel stimuli also became class members on the basis of inclusion of any of the critical features. Thus these probe tests revealed the formation of open-ended generalized equivalence classes. In addition, typicality effects were observed such that comparison sets with more critical features were learned with fewer errors, responded to more rapidly, and judged to be better exemplars of the class. Contingency-shaped stimulus classes established through a match-to-sample procedure thus show several important behavioral similarities to natural lexical categories. 相似文献
990.
J. Edson McKee Laura Williams Smith B. Grant Hayes Anne Stewart Lennis G. Echterling 《The Journal of Humanistic Counseling》1999,38(1):3-12
In their quest to upgrade technologies, improve training techniques, and pursue innovations, counselor educators may be ignoring the power of traditions. This article illustrates how 5 rites and rituals enrich the training experience, strengthen the sense of continuity and community, support diversity, and offer affirmation of growth. 相似文献