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181.
Arti Purshottam Makwana Kristof Dhont Esperanza García-Sancho Pablo Fernández-Berrocal 《Journal of applied social psychology》2021,51(8):779-792
People vary in their ability to understand, process, and manage information about one's own and others’ emotions, a construct known as Emotional Intelligence (EI). Past research highlighted the importance of EI in interpersonal relations as well as the key role of emotions underlying outgroup prejudice. Remarkably, hardly any research has investigated the associations between EI and outgroup prejudice. In three studies (total N = 922) conducted in Spain and the United Kingdom, we measured emotional intelligence using self-report and performance tests and prejudice toward a variety of outgroups. Results showed that those with stronger performance-based emotion management skills expressed lower generalized ethnic prejudice (Studies 1–3), more positive attitudes toward immigrants (Study 2a) and refugees (Study 2b), and less homophobic attitudes (Study 3). This negative association between emotion management and prejudice was found with different performance-based EI measures and held after controlling for self-perceived EI (Study 1) and self-reported abilities to regulate emotions (Study 3). Study 3 further demonstrated that higher empathy partly accounted for the association between emotion management and prejudice. The findings suggest that emotion management abilities play an important, but so far largely neglected role in generalized prejudice. 相似文献
182.
Nuria Ordóñez-Camblor Mercedes Paino Eduardo Fonseca-Pedrero Juan Pablo Pizarro-Ruiz 《International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology》2021,21(2):100220
Background/Objective: The interest in recovery processes in psychotic disorders has boosted the necessity of knowledge about the factors that could influence in such recovery. Negative symptomatology and the stigma have been negatively linked to the recovery process in psychosis. The aim of this investigation is to improve the understanding of how the recovery process is affected by negative symptomatology based on the analysis of the mediating effects of the internalized stigma. Method: The sample was composed of 114 people that had experienced, at some point in their life, at least one clinically relevant psychotic episode. CAPE-42, STORI and ISMI were used for the evaluation. The macro PROCESS for SPSS was used. The indirect effect was calculated using 10.000 samples of bootstrap for the bootstrap confidence intervals (IC) corrected for bias. Results: The results show that the influence of negative symptomatology predicts the stigmatization of the person regarding his disorder. This predicts a negative influence in the recovery process of the psychosis. Conclusions: These results back the importance of adding the reduction of the stigma as a specific strategy to improve the recovery process in psychotic disorders. 相似文献
183.
Roberto González Jorge Manzi José L. Saiz Marilynn Brewer Pablo de Tezanos-Pinto David Torres María Teresa Aravena Nerea Aldunate 《Political psychology》2008,29(1):93-118
This paper reports a survey (N = 1,465) conducted in Chile that was conceived to understand the role of coalition identification as an important sociopsychological mechanism for promoting positive affects toward own-coalition party members in a multiparty system, above and beyond interparty political differences. Participants judged their own political party, parties within coalitions (fellow coalition members and opposing parties), and political coalitions as a whole on affective dimensions (trust, liking, and admiration). The results provide substantial support for the five hypotheses addressed in the study. Overall, perceived interparty distance and political identity threat had a negative impact on affect toward coalition party members. Above and beyond these effects, identification with the coalition positively predicted affect toward allies. Ingroup party affect was positively correlated with affect toward own-coalition party members and own coalition as a whole, but was not negatively associated with affect toward opposing-coalition parties. Moreover, the relationship between own-party affect and affect toward own-coalition party members was mediated by affect toward own coalition. Overall, evidence for the benefits of promoting coalition identification in a multiparty system is provided and discussed alongside the limitations and practical implications derived from the study. 相似文献
184.
David Sirlopú Roberto González Gerd Bohner Frank Siebler Gabriela Ordóñez Andres Millar David Torres Pablo
De Tezanos‐Pinto 《Journal of applied social psychology》2008,38(11):2710-2736
The effects of school inclusion programs on male and female nondisabled students' stereotypes and attitudes toward people with Down syndrome were studied. Nondisabled students (11–15 years of age) from schools with and without inclusion programs reported positive and negative attitudes toward people with Down syndrome. As hypothesized, girls and students attending schools with inclusion programs showed more favorable attitudes toward people with Down syndrome than did boys and students attending schools without inclusion programs, respectively. Interaction effects of school system and sex of participant suggest that boys' attitudes, in particular, benefit from inclusive schooling. The study provides evidence for the effectiveness of inclusion programs in ameliorating prejudice and intergroup anxiety; and in promoting positive attitudes, affect, and trust. 相似文献
185.
Miguel Clemente Pablo Espinosa MiguelÁngel Vidal 《Journal of applied social psychology》2008,38(10):2395-2409
This study discusses the relation between television, computer games, and the Internet and antisocial aggressive behavior in under‐18s. Given that the media are an important source of socialization for children, this research examines which variables in media exposure lead to antisocial behavior in under‐18s. A sample of 93 participants (male and female), aged 13–18, answered an antisocial behavior inventory and a survey on computer gaming and TV viewing. Results show gender differences in the relation between media use and preference for violent media and direct and indirect aggressive behaviors. These findings support the idea that lack of interaction and role taking leads to deprived socialization and, in turn, to antisocial behavior. 相似文献
186.
Juan Jose Sanchez Sosa Pablo Valderrama‐Iturbe 《International journal of psychology》2001,36(6):384-394
The present paper describes some of the most relevant events in the development of psychology in Latin America. After proposing a synthesis of antecedents, the paper addresses some scientific and professional activities leading to the birth of scientific psychology in several Latin American countries during the last decade of the 19th century. Next, the paper describes the foundation of university‐level institutions for education and professional training of psychologists during the first half of the 20th century. Finally, some reflections comment on the mechanisms which led to the creation and maintenance of several scientific communities contributing to a thriving contemporary Latin American psychology. 相似文献
187.
Using an improved analysis, this paper provides new evidence regarding the influence of vehicle attributes on the estimation of vehicular speed by an observer. An analysis of speeding records indicates that brightly colored vehicles systematically receive citations for relatively lower speeds. Findings also indicate that trucks were cited for significantly higher speeds than were cars. The findings clarify earlier conflicts in the literature as to whether vehicular characteristics give an impression of higher speed. As an additional topic of investigation, evidence is provided that outsiders, those not living in the jurisdiction, received citations for significantly lower speeds. 相似文献
188.
We present a reconstruction of so-called classical, formal or Mendelian genetics using a notation which we believe is more
legible than that of earlier accounts, and lends itself easily to computer implementation, for instance in PROLOG. By drawing
from, and emending, earlier work of Balzer and Dawe (1986,1997), the present account presents the three most important lines
of development of classical genetics: the so-called Mendel's laws, linkage genetics and gene mapping, in the form of a theory-net.
This shows that the set theoretic representation format used in the structuralist approach to the philosophy of science also
applies to the domain of genetic theories. There construction is intended to lend more clarity to theme thodological, philosophical
and didactical discussions of the foundations of genetics, and on the other hand to defend a formally, logically minded view
of theories which seems to have become contested through the work of Feyerabend, Kuhn and Kitcher.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
189.
190.
We introduce a deontic action logic and its axiomatization. This logic has some useful properties (soundness, completeness, compactness and decidability), extending the properties usually associated with such logics. Though the propositional version of the logic is quite expressive, we augment it with temporal operators, and we outline an axiomatic system for this more expressive framework. An important characteristic of this deontic action logic is that we use boolean combinators on actions, and, because of finiteness restrictions, the generated boolean algebra is atomic, which is a crucial point in proving the completeness of the axiomatic system. As our main goal is to use this logic for reasoning about fault-tolerant systems, we provide a complete example of a simple application, with an attempt at formalization of some concepts usually associated with fault-tolerance. 相似文献