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201.
Owen Griffiths 《逻辑史和逻辑哲学》2013,34(2):170-182
I argue that Beall and Restall's logical pluralism fails. Beall–Restall pluralism is the claim that there are different, equally correct logical consequence relations in a single language. Their position fails for two, related, reasons: first, it relies on an unmotivated conception of the ‘settled core’ of consequence: they believe that truth-preservation, necessity, formality and normativity are ‘settled’ features of logical consequence and that any relation satisfying these criteria is a logical consequence relation. I consider historical evidence and argue that their position relies on an unmotivated conception of the settled features of logical consequence. There are many features that are just as settled but which are inconsistent with pluralism. Second, I argue that Beall–Restall pluralism fails to hold in a single language with a single selection of logical constants, which they require for the position to be distinct from Carnap's. I consider various ways in which Beall and Restall can resist this meaning variance, particularly for negation, but argue that the strongest way relies on an unmotivated conception of the settled features of the logical constants. 相似文献
202.
Richard M. Piech Jade Lewis Caroline H. Parkinson Adrian M. Owen Angela C. Roberts Paul E. Downing John A. Parkinson 《Brain and cognition》2010
Making the right choice depends crucially on the accurate valuation of the available options in the light of current needs and goals of an individual. Thus, the valuation of identical options can vary considerably with motivational context. The present study investigated the neural structures underlying context dependent evaluation. We instructed participants to choose from food menu items based on different criteria: on their anticipated taste or on ease of preparation. The aim of the manipulation was to assess which neural sites were activated during choice guided by incentive value, and which during choice based on a value-irrelevant criterion. To assess the impact of increased motivation, affect-guided choice and cognition-guided choice was compared during the sated and hungry states. During affective choice, we identified increased activity in structures representing primarily valuation and taste (medial prefrontal cortex, insula). During cognitive choice, structures showing increased activity included those implicated in suppression and conflict monitoring (lateral orbitofrontal cortex, anterior cingulate). Hunger influenced choice-related activity in the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex. Our results show that choice is associated with the use of distinct neural structures for the pursuit of different goals. 相似文献
203.
Colour fluctuations in grapheme‐colour synaesthesia: The effect of clinical and non‐clinical mood changes
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Collette L. Kay Duncan A. Carmichael Henry E. Ruffell Julia Simner 《British journal of psychology (London, England : 1953)》2015,106(3):487-504
Synaesthesia is a condition that gives rise to unusual secondary sensations (e.g., colours are perceived when listening to music). These unusual sensations tend to be reported as being stable throughout adulthood (e.g., Simner & Logie, 2007, Neurocase, 13, 358) and the consistency of these experiences over time is taken as the behavioural hallmark of genuineness. Our study looked at the influence of mood states on synaesthetic colours. In Experiment 1, we recruited grapheme‐colour synaesthetes (who experience colours from letters/digits) and elicited their synaesthetic colours, as well as their mood and depression states, in two different testing sessions. In each session, participants completed the PANAS‐X (Watson & Clark, 1999) and the BDI‐II (Beck, Steer, & Brown, 1996, Manual for Beck Depression Inventory‐II), and chose their synaesthetic colours for letters A‐Z from an interactive colour palette. We found that negative mood significantly decreased the luminance of synaesthetic colours. In Experiment 2, we showed that synaesthetic colours were also less luminant for synaesthetes with anxiety disorder, versus those without. Additional evidence suggests that colour saturation, too, may inversely correlate with depressive symptoms. These results show that fluctuations in mood within both a normal and clinical range influence synaesthetic colours over time. This has implications for our understanding about the longitudinal stability of synaesthetic experiences, and of how mood may interact with the visual (imagery) systems. 相似文献
204.
William L. McWhorter Jim Mitchell Jack E. Bynum Adrienne Ahlgren Haeuser John E. Owen Cecil L. Willis 《Deviant behavior》2013,34(3-4):411-420
Prisons in Turmoil by John Irwin Boston, Little, Brown and Company, 1980, 288 pages, $6.95, paper. Deviant Behavior: An Interactionist Approach by Erich Goode Englewood Cliffs, N. J., Prentice Hall, 1978, 470 pages, hard, $15.95. Deviant Behavior: Readings in the Sociology of Deviance by Delos H. Kelly New York, St. Martins Press, 1979, 769 pages, paper, $7.95. Deviant Behavior by Alex Thio Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1978, 416 pages, hard, $15.75. Defining Child Abuse by Jeannne M. Giovannoni and Rosina M. Becerra New York, The Free Press, 1979, 302 pages, $15.95, hard. Demystifying Social Deviance by Stuart L. Hills New York, McGraw‐Hill, 1980, 210 pages, $8.95, paper. Police and Policing: An Introduction by Richard J. Lundman New York, Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1980, 215 pages. 相似文献
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This paper presents four studies conducted to develop a measure of parents’ attitudes about gendered behaviors in their children.
Participants were US college students and community residents. It was expected that scores on the measure would distinguish
between parents of sons and daughters, and between parents with traditional and feminist beliefs. To begin, we created a self-report
questionnaire consisting of ratings of 84 gender-related behaviors, characteristics, and educational and occupational aspirations
for children. Based on factor analysis and other analyses of scale scores to refine the measure, our final measure has 28
items on five scales. In keeping with expectations, the five scales consistently differentiated between boys and girls and/or
traditional and feminist parents. 相似文献
209.
Lisa D. Peck Owen Richard Lightsey Jr. 《Journal of counseling and development : JCD》2008,86(2):184-192
Among 261 undergraduate women, increased severity of eating disorders along a continuum was associated with decreased self‐esteem, increased perfectionism, and increased scores on 7 subscales of the Eating Disorders Inventory‐2. Women with eating disorders differed from both symptomatic women and asymptomatic women on all variables, whereas symptomatic women differed from asymptomatic women only on self‐esteem, perfectionism, ineffectiveness, body dissatisfaction, and interoceptive awareness. Discriminant analysis correctly classified 45.2% of the women with eating disorders and 59% of the overall sample. 相似文献
210.
Owen Anderson 《Reviews in Religion & Theology》2004,11(1):15-20
Book reviewed in this article:
David Cheetham, John Hick: A Critical Introduction and Reflection 相似文献
David Cheetham, John Hick: A Critical Introduction and Reflection 相似文献