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921.
922.
Informed by the practice of code-switching or style-switching in linguistics, “bilingual therapeutics” is proposed as the
complementary integration of two evidence-based practices in psychotherapy: motivational interviewing (MI) and dialectical
behavior therapy (DBT). Unique features of MI and DBT are presented, current research of each practice is reviewed, and their
similarities and distinctions are discussed. It is proposed that fluency in both “languages” of MI and DBT may usher in a
new therapeutic perspective to enhance client case conceptualization, illuminate subtleties of the therapeutic process, and
foster more intentional and deliberate practitioners. Specifically, MI and DBT code-switching may help recruit and retain
clients in formal treatment (e.g.,”speaking” MI more prominently to prepare clients for 12-month standard DBT) and promote
consultation among therapists. The complementary integration of MI and DBT also suggests the emergence of a linguistic “third
space,” including “spirit as synthesis” and “improvisational dance.” 相似文献
923.
The right to withdraw from participation in research is recognized in virtually all national and international guidelines for research on human subjects. It is therefore surprising that there has been little justification for that right in the literature. We argue that the right to withdraw should protect research participants from information imbalance, inability to hedge, inherent uncertainty, and untoward bodily invasion, and it serves to bolster public trust in the research enterprise. Although this argument is not radical, it provides a useful way to determine how the right should be applied in various cases. 相似文献
924.
Mental health has long been defined as the absence of psychopathologies, such as depression and anxiety. The absence of mental
illness, however, is a minimal outcome from a psychological perspective on lifespan development. This article therefore focuses
on mental illness as well as on three core components of positive mental health: feelings of happiness and satisfaction with
life (emotional well-being), positive individual functioning in terms of self-realization (psychological well-being), and
positive societal functioning in terms of being of social value (social well-being). The two continua model holds that mental
illness and mental health are related but distinct dimensions. This model was studied on the basis of a cross-sectional representative
internet survey of Dutch adults (N = 1,340; 18–87 years). Mental illness was measured with the Brief Symptom Inventory and mental health with the Mental Health
Continuum Short Form. It was found that older adults, except for the oldest-old, scored lower on psychopathological symptoms
and were less likely to be mentally ill than younger adults. Although there were fewer age differences for mental health,
older adults experienced more emotional, similar social and slightly lower psychological well-being. In sum, today’s older
adults have fewer mental illness problems, but they are not in a better positive mental health than today’s younger adults.
These findings support the validity of the two continua model in adult development. 相似文献
925.
926.
Nicolay Chertkoff Walz Keith Owen Yeates H. Gerry Taylor Terry Stancin Shari L. Wade 《Journal of Neuropsychology》2010,4(2):181-195
This study examined the longer-term effects of traumatic brain injury (TBI) on theory of mind (ToM) skills of children who were between the ages of 5 and 7 years at the time of injury. Fifty-two children with orthopaedic injury, 30 children with moderate TBI, and 12 children with severe TBI were evaluated approximately 1 year post-injury (mean age=6.98 years, SD=0.59, range=6.02–8.26). Children with severe TBI did not engage in representation of first- and second-order mental states at a developmental level comparable to their peers, suggesting stagnation or lack of development, as well as regression of putatively existing ToM skills. Age, task-specific cognitive demands, and verbal abilities were strong predictors of ToM performance. However, even after taking those factors into account, children with severe TBI had poorer ToM performance than children with orthopaedic injuries. 相似文献
927.
Cognitive functions like perception, memory, language, or consciousness are based on highly parallel and distributed information processing by the brain. One of the major unresolved questions is how information can be integrated and how coherent representational states can be established in the distributed neuronal systems subserving these functions. It has been suggested that this so-called "binding problem" may be solved in the temporal domain. The hypothesis is that synchronization of neuronal discharges can serve for the integration of distributed neurons into cell assemblies and that this process may underlie the selection of perceptually and behaviorally relevant information. As we intend to show here, this temporal binding hypothesis has implications for the search of the neural correlate of consciousness. We review experimental results, mainly obtained in the visual system, which support the notion of temporal binding. In particular, we discuss recent experiments on the neural mechanisms of binocular rivalry which suggest that appropriate synchronization among cortical neurons may be one of the necessary conditions for the buildup of perceptual states and awareness of sensory stimuli. 相似文献
928.
In this introduction we discuss the motivation behind the workshop “Towards a New Epistemology of Mathematics” of which this
special issue constitutes the proceedings. We elaborate on historical and empirical aspects of the desired new epistemology,
connect it to the public image of mathematics, and give a summary and an introduction to the contributions to this issue.
相似文献
Bernd BuldtEmail: |
Benedikt L?we (Corresponding author)Email: |
Thomas MüllerEmail: |
929.
We examined the effects of sensorimotor experience in two visual word recognition tasks. Body-object interaction (BOI) ratings were collected for a large set of words. These ratings assess perceptions of the ease with which a human body can physically interact with a word's referent. A set of high BOI words (e.g., mask) and a set of low BOI words (e.g., ship) were created, matched on imageability and concreteness. Facilitatory BOI effects were observed in lexical decision and phonological lexical decision tasks: responses were faster for high BOI words than for low BOI words. We discuss how our findings may be accounted for by (a) semantic feedback within the visual word recognition system, and (b) an embodied view of cognition (e.g., Barsalou's perceptual symbol systems theory), which proposes that semantic knowledge is grounded in sensorimotor interactions with the environment. 相似文献
930.
German dialect geography developed, inter alia, as a means to compensate the shortcomings of the Young Grammarians’ approach
to language. In contrast to the latter, it was conceived of to be a sociolinguistic project, constituting thereby one link
between the development of Soviet and German linguistics. The article tries to answer such questions as who initially participated
in transferring ideas of German dialectology to the Soviet Union and what kind of motivations underlay those transfers. Combining
biographical facts with systematic aspects, the article surveys the filiations of some productive ideas with the help of archival
sources, i.e. letters of the Soviet scholars Dinges (1891–1932) and Viktor Žirmunskij (1891–1971). Finally, I try to single
out the elements in Žirmunskij dialect geography, which are specifically sociolinguistic.
相似文献
Matthias AumüllerEmail: |