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121.
Oliver Mason 《欧洲人格杂志》1995,9(4):271-281
Recent research into schizotypal traits has been concerned with the number and nature of these personality dimensions. Earlier exploratory factor analytic work using a wide variety of scales (the CSTQ) has generated a four-factor solution but other solutions have been provided by other investigators. This study uses confirmatory factor analysis on a large sample to compare several plausible models of the relationships between scales. These models include a two-factor model separating ‘positive’ from ‘negative’ schizotypal features, a three-factor model including features of cognitive disorganization, and the four-factor model generated previously by exploratory factor analysis. Results offer support for the four-factor solution as the only structure meeting multiple criteria for goodness of fit. The relevance of Eysenck's dimensions, and the P scale in particular, to the results is discussed. Attention is drawn to the possibility that the factors describe predispositions of risk of psychotic disorders beyond that of schizophrenia. 相似文献
122.
We analyze common reasoning about admissibility in the strategic and extensive form of a game. We define a notion of sequential proper admissibility in the extensive form, and show that, in finite extensive games with perfect recall, the strategies that are consistent with common reasoning about sequential proper admissibility in the extensive form are exactly those that are consistent with common reasoning about admissibility in the strategic form representation of the game. Thus in such games the solution given by common reasoning about admissibility does not depend on how the strategic situation is represented. We further explore the links between iterated admissibility and backward and forward induction. 相似文献
123.
124.
Laurel W Oliver 《Journal of Vocational Behavior》1974,4(3):275-281
The purpose of this research was to investigate the possibility of an interaction between need for achievement and need for affiliation in career-oriented and homemaking-oriented college women. In the first study, scores on the appropriate scales (Achievement and Affiliation) of the Adjective Check List were obtained for 250 female college students, who were also classified as career or homemaking oriented on the basis of their responses to a questionnaire concerning postcollege plans. No significant differences were found between the career- and homemaking-oriented groups on Achievement and Affiliation; but, as predicted, a significant interaction occurred between the two variables. A second study, involving 257 college women and employing the same procedures and analysis, replicated the results of the original study: no main effects, but a significant interaction between Achievement and Affiliation. Implications of the findings for female career development and the counseling of women are discussed. 相似文献
125.
Laurel W Oliver 《Journal of Vocational Behavior》1974,5(2):275-284
Twenty-four male undergraduates viewed 102 slides containing occupational titles and stated whether or not each represented a realistic career choice. Each subject was given three trials, with the experimental subjects receiving positive verbal reinforcement on the second trial for realistic responses. (If the choice was congruous with the individual's occupational type, as determined by the Vocational Preference Inventory, it was scored as realistic.) The results of the research revealed a tendency for all subjects to increase in career choice realism as a function of participation in the experiment, with significantly (p < .05) more experimental subjects than control subjects demonstrating an operant pattern of responses. Implications of the findings for counselors were discussed. 相似文献
126.
J. T. Rick G. W. O. Oliver G. A. Kerkut 《Quarterly journal of experimental psychology (2006)》1972,24(3):282-286
Cockroaches can be trained to keep their metathoracic leg out of a saline solution. Isolated metathoracic ganglia learnt faster than headless animals, which in turn learnt faster than intact animals. Extinction took longer in the isolated ganglion than in the other two preparations. Extinction times increased with increasing dose of orotic acid, a precursor of RNA. Orotic acid did not systematically affect the times for acquisition and reacquisition of the learnt response. 相似文献
127.
Oliver C. S. Tzeng Rumjahn Hoosain Charles E. Osgood 《Journal of psycholinguistic research》1987,16(5):443-465
One concern of studies of emotions is that of the underlying denotative components of the meanings of emotional terms, whether people are actually cognizant of them or not. In this study, we evaluated the characteristics of 10 emotional denotative components and their hierarchical ordering in attribution to 22 emotion concepts across 23 different human societies. Empirically, a quantitative model, developed by Tzeng and Osgood (1976), was used to link the relationship between affect measures of the emotion concepts and their characteristics on denotative components. It was found that the 10 denotative components functioned extremely well in predicting the affect for individual cultures and also for the 23 cultures as a whole. Cross-cultural comparisons revealed some significant differences among the components in predicting indigenous affect attributions for different cultures. Finally, the nature and dynamics of such intercultural differences were discussed in reference to the issue of independence between affect and cognition.This research was planned and carried out as a part of a cross-cultural research project of out laboratory. It was completed during Dr. Rumjahn Hoosain's visiting professorship at Purdue University School of Science at Indianapolis for his sabbatical leave from the University of Hong Kong. The authors wish to express their gratitude to our foreign colleagues who participated in the data collection for this study. 相似文献
128.
In two experiments, subjects first learned the locations of objects in a 21 x 21 ft room and then were timed as they verified, from memory, statements about the spatial relationships of the objects to certain features (e.g., the outside walls, the center of the room, subdividing partitions). The statements were of the form “X is (not) close to (far from) F” in Experiment 1 and “X is farther from (closer to) F than Y is” in Experiment 2, where X and Y are specific objects and F is a feature. While some of the latencies varied directly with the magnitudes of the distances between objects and features named in the sentences, there were several instances in which sentences associated with equivalent distances led to different latencies or sentences associated with different distances led to equivalent latencies. The possible cognitive operations underlying the latency pattern are discussed. 相似文献
129.
R. Davis John Morton A. Dickinson Barbara J. Rolls Peter Bryant Oliver Braddick Ian M. L. Hunter Bernard Moulden Richard F. Cromer N. J. Mackintosh C. J. Darwin 《Quarterly journal of experimental psychology (2006)》1980,32(2):343-362
BODEN, MARGARET A. Artificial Intelligence and Natural Man. Hassocks : Harvester Press Limited, and New York: Basic Books Inc., 1977. Pp. ix+537. £613.50 hardback; £64.95 paperback. ISBN 0 85527 435 2.
ESTES, W. K. (Ed.). Handbook of Learning and Cognitive Processes. Vol. 6. Linguistics. Functions in Cognitive Theory. Hillsdale, N.J. : Erlbaum Associates. 1979. Pp. 331. £12.70. ISBN o 470 26311 3.
O'KEEFE, J. and NADEL, L. The Hippocampus as a Cognitive Map. London: Oxford University Press. 1978. Pp. 543. £25.00. ISBN 0 12 524150 X.
FITZSIMONS, J. T. The Physiology of Thirst and Sodium Appetite. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 1979. Pp. 572. £32.50. ISBN 0 521 22292 3.
MURRAY, F. B. and PIKULSKI, J. J. (Eds). The Acquisition of Reading. Baltimore: University Park Press. 1978. Pp. 178. £8.95. ISBN 0 8391 1281 5.
NEWTON, M. J., THOMAS, M. E. and RICHARDS, I. L. Readings in Dyslexia. Wisbech: Benrose Ltd. 1979. Pp. 203. £4.50. ISBN 09 0511 4124.
SENDERS, J. W., FISHER, D. F. and MONTY, R. A. (Eds). Eye Movements and Higher Psychological Processes. Hillsdale, N. J. : Erlbaum. 1978. Pp. 394. £19.95. ISBN 0 470 26489 6.
GRUBER, H. E. and VONECHE, J. J. (Eds). The Essential Piaget. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul. 1977. Pp. 880. £12.95. ISBN 07100 87780.
SIEGEL, L. S. and BRAINERD, C. J. (Eds). Alternatives to Piaget. New York: Academic Press. 1978. Pp. 262. £11.70. ISBN 12 641950 7.
BRANSFORD, J. D. Human Cognition: Learning, Understanding and Remembering. Belmont, California: Wadsworth. 1979. Pp. xii+300. £11.85. ISBN 0 534 00699 X.
VON FIEANDT, K. and MOUSTGAARD, I. K. The Perceptual World. London: Academic Press. 1977. Pp. 680. £32.00. ISBN 0 12 725050 6.
BURTON, A. and RADFORD, J. (Ed.). Thinking in Perspective: Critical Essays in the Study of Thought Processes. London: Methuen. 1978. Pp. xxii+232. £3.95. ISBN 0 416 85840 6.
MAYER, R. E. Thinking and Problem Solving: An Introduction to Human Cognition and Leavning. Glenview, Illinois: Scott, Foresman and Company. 1977. Pp. viii+214. £4.95. ISBN 0 673 15055 0.
BATES, E. Language and Context: The Acquisition of Pragmatics. New York: Academic Press. 1976. Pp. 375. £14.50. ISBN 0 12 081550 8.
MILGHAM, N. W., KRAMES, L. and ALLOWAY, T. M. Food Aversion Learning. New York: Plenum Press. 1977. Pp. 263. £27. ISBN 0 306 31040 6.
O'CONNOR, N. and HERMELIN, B. Seeing and Hearing and Space and Time. London: Academic. 1978. Pp. 157+viii. £6.80. ISBN 0 12 524150 X. 相似文献
ESTES, W. K. (Ed.). Handbook of Learning and Cognitive Processes. Vol. 6. Linguistics. Functions in Cognitive Theory. Hillsdale, N.J. : Erlbaum Associates. 1979. Pp. 331. £12.70. ISBN o 470 26311 3.
O'KEEFE, J. and NADEL, L. The Hippocampus as a Cognitive Map. London: Oxford University Press. 1978. Pp. 543. £25.00. ISBN 0 12 524150 X.
FITZSIMONS, J. T. The Physiology of Thirst and Sodium Appetite. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 1979. Pp. 572. £32.50. ISBN 0 521 22292 3.
MURRAY, F. B. and PIKULSKI, J. J. (Eds). The Acquisition of Reading. Baltimore: University Park Press. 1978. Pp. 178. £8.95. ISBN 0 8391 1281 5.
NEWTON, M. J., THOMAS, M. E. and RICHARDS, I. L. Readings in Dyslexia. Wisbech: Benrose Ltd. 1979. Pp. 203. £4.50. ISBN 09 0511 4124.
SENDERS, J. W., FISHER, D. F. and MONTY, R. A. (Eds). Eye Movements and Higher Psychological Processes. Hillsdale, N. J. : Erlbaum. 1978. Pp. 394. £19.95. ISBN 0 470 26489 6.
GRUBER, H. E. and VONECHE, J. J. (Eds). The Essential Piaget. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul. 1977. Pp. 880. £12.95. ISBN 07100 87780.
SIEGEL, L. S. and BRAINERD, C. J. (Eds). Alternatives to Piaget. New York: Academic Press. 1978. Pp. 262. £11.70. ISBN 12 641950 7.
BRANSFORD, J. D. Human Cognition: Learning, Understanding and Remembering. Belmont, California: Wadsworth. 1979. Pp. xii+300. £11.85. ISBN 0 534 00699 X.
VON FIEANDT, K. and MOUSTGAARD, I. K. The Perceptual World. London: Academic Press. 1977. Pp. 680. £32.00. ISBN 0 12 725050 6.
BURTON, A. and RADFORD, J. (Ed.). Thinking in Perspective: Critical Essays in the Study of Thought Processes. London: Methuen. 1978. Pp. xxii+232. £3.95. ISBN 0 416 85840 6.
MAYER, R. E. Thinking and Problem Solving: An Introduction to Human Cognition and Leavning. Glenview, Illinois: Scott, Foresman and Company. 1977. Pp. viii+214. £4.95. ISBN 0 673 15055 0.
BATES, E. Language and Context: The Acquisition of Pragmatics. New York: Academic Press. 1976. Pp. 375. £14.50. ISBN 0 12 081550 8.
MILGHAM, N. W., KRAMES, L. and ALLOWAY, T. M. Food Aversion Learning. New York: Plenum Press. 1977. Pp. 263. £27. ISBN 0 306 31040 6.
O'CONNOR, N. and HERMELIN, B. Seeing and Hearing and Space and Time. London: Academic. 1978. Pp. 157+viii. £6.80. ISBN 0 12 524150 X. 相似文献
130.