Yoshiji Ishikawa  Michi Mizuno  Norman E. Amundson 《Journal of Employment Counseling》2009,46(2):62-72

Japan has been experiencing a labor market problem wherein many young people are leaving their jobs within the first 3 years. The authors explore this situation and consider the role of career development in this process. Suggestions are made for how career development programs can play an important role in facilitating a more satisfying career transition process.  相似文献   

    

Jennifer Wareham Ph.D.  Richard Dembo Ph.D.  Norman G. Poythress Ph.D.  Kristina Childs M.A.  James Schmeidler Ph.D. 《Behavioral sciences & the law》2009,27(1):71-95

Latent class factor analysis allows for the estimation of a dimensional construct such as psychopathy through factor analysis while also examining the heterogeneity of the sample. We report the results of a latent class factor analysis examining the psychometric structure of a widely used measure of psychopathy, as well as internalizing (i.e. anxiety) and externalizing indices, among diversion program youths involved in an intervention study. The results indicated that four subgroups of adolescents existed in the data: one with high psychopathic features and externalizing problems, but low anxiety; one with moderately high affective and behavioral psychopathic features and externalizing problems, but low anxiety; one with moderately high interpersonal and behavioral psychopathic features, externalizing problems, and anxiety; and one with very low psychopathy scores, anxiety, and externalizing problems. The validity of these subgroups was assessed comparing prior family problems, substance use, and offending measures, and one‐year follow‐up measures of recidivism, detention days, substance use, and program completion. This study offers partial support for the existence of psychopathy subgroups and has implications for future studies of psychopathy typologies. In addition, this study employed a methodology for classification that permits consideration of the dimensional nature of a construct, and as such has implications for a variety of research areas. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

    

Kim L. Johnston  Katherine M. White  Paul Norman 《Journal of applied social psychology》2004,34(12):2524-2549

The relationship between subjective norm and behavioral intentions is the weakest link of the theory of reasoned action. Numerous approaches have addressed this issue, including the assertion that the weak contribution is a result of a small number of individuals who are under normative control. The present research examines this individual‐difference approach in the domain of health behaviors. Respondents were 287 students who rated their intentions, attitudes, and subjective norms in relation to 32 health behaviors and 5 substance‐use behaviors. Regression analyses, between subjects and within subjects, demonstrated that both behaviors and people can be under attitudinal or normative control. Support for an individual‐difference approach was less conclusive when findings were examined separately for specific health behaviors.  相似文献   

    

Vasquez EA  Bartsch VO  Pedersen WC  Miller N 《Aggressive behavior》2007,33(6):477-485

We tested the hypothesis that ruminating about a previous aggressive prime interacts with a subsequent minor frustration to augment aggression. Sixty participants watched a video showing a murder during a bank robbery (the aggressive prime). Those in the rumination condition were asked to write about the video for 20 min. In the no rumination condition, participants were given 20 min to complete an irrelevant task. Participants were then either frustrated or not frustrated. Our results supported the main hypothesis. Relative to the control condition, neither rumination nor frustration alone impacted aggression. Rumination, in combination with a minor frustration, however, increased the recommended prison sentence towards the targets. We discuss the implications of our findings.  相似文献   

    

Kerr Inkson  Norman E. Amundson 《Journal of Employment Counseling》2002,39(3):98-108

This article, first given as an address to the January 2002 National Consultation on Career Development, Ottawa, Ontario, draws attention to the inevitability of metaphor in human thought, discourse, and theory, including that concerning careers. The article (a) explores the benefits and the dangers of metaphorical thinking and advocates the use of “multiple metaphor” as a means of understanding careers; (b) looks particularly at metaphors in the context of new, more flexible careers; (c) introduces 10 archetypal career metaphors; and (d) considers how career counseling practice can be assisted through the facilitation of metaphorical thinking.  相似文献   

    

William A. Borgen  Norman E. Amundson  Jonathan McVicar 《Journal of Employment Counseling》2002,39(3):117-126

In this exploratory research study, the unemployment experience of people involved in the fishery and living in the outports of Newfoundland and Labrador was explored. Fifty‐three critical incident interviews were conducted by community outreach workers. These interviews yielded important information about the factors that facilitated or hindered the unemployment experience. In interpreting the results, both the general literature on unemployment as well as the special contextual aspects of the situation were explored.  相似文献   

    

Norman E. Amundson 《Journal of Employment Counseling》2002,39(3):138-144

This article formed the basis for a keynote presentation at the 2002 Australian Association of Career Counseling in Melbourne, Australia. The issue of boundaries is one that is becoming increasingly important for both clients and counselors.  相似文献   

    

Richard A. Winett  Eileen S. Anderson  Laurie L. Desiderato  Laura J. Solomon  Melissa Perry  Jeffrey A. Kelly  Kathleen J. Sikkema  Roger A. Roffman  Ann D. Norman  David N. Lombard  Tamara N. Lombard 《Applied and Preventive Psychology》1995,4(4):233-245

Social diffusion theory has recently been recognized as a promising approach for large-scale disease prevention and health promotion efforts. This paper describes how principles and tactics from social cognitive theory, operant psychology, social psychology, social marketing, and the overarching stages of change model can be used to further develop the conceptual and strategic (technological) bases of social diffusion theory. Within an integrative framework, we discuss in detail more effective ways to train peer mediators of behavior change as one example of how social diffusion theory can benefit from this conceptual and strategic reformulation. We then further illustrate the use of peer mediators of change in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and cancer prevention intervention studies with both interventions training peer mediators to diffuse information, norms, and risk reduction strategies. Although the results of these studies showed reductions in high-risk behaviors across population segments, more closely following the framework discussed in this article should further increase the behavior change potential of future interventions based on social diffusion theory.  相似文献   

    

Michael W. Galbraith  Norman H. Cohen 《New Directions for Adult & Continuing Education》1995,1995(66):89-93

An understanding of vexing issues and challenges is a foundation for advancing practice and research about the mentoring process.  相似文献   

    

Norman D. Cook 《Cognitive Science》1995,19(4):563-574

Correlation analyses of recent back-propagation neural networks show that network results are due to imbalances in stimulus input. Conclusions concerning the effects of receptive field size, hemispheric specialization, and other issues of relevance to psychology cannot therefore be drawn until the dominating effects of low-level correlations are removed. Statistical techniques for evaluating the stimulus materials for neural networks are introduced.  相似文献