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841.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of variations in instructions and pictorial stimuli on the story-telling performance of paranoid schizophrenic patients to TAT-like cards dealing with the dimensions of sex and hostility. Twelve TAT-like pictures, six depicting sexual scenes and six representing hostile content were administered to 68 paranoid schizophrenics. One group of 34 Ss was instructed to tell stories in the first-person, while a different group of 34 Ss told stories in the third-person. Two criterion measures were examined; initial reaction time and total number of words. Initial reaction time was significantly slower under first-person instructions, but only for the hostile pictures. Initial reaction time was shortest for the moderately sexual pictures and verbal output was greatest for the least sexual pictures. For the hostile pictures, neither the main effect of instructions nor the degree of hostility significantly affected any of the criterion measures. 相似文献
842.
Johan Norman 《Scandinavian Psychoanalytic Review》2013,36(2):172-188
The intention in this paper is to study what we mean when we say that play is a mediator of an inner psychic world. The internal scene becomes furnished with your own impressions from the external world. The passions and the experiences from within have no forms of their own and will use the forms in time and space in external reality. An inner object world will be created, and thus far it is the same process as it is for the creation of the dream image and its furniture. In play, there is a circular movement: the furnishings from the inner world intrude into external reality; the external form and the form of the inner object create a double exposure. We look at the object in the room with a binocular view. The experience from psychoanalysis with three children is presented to give different perspectives on the internal movements inherent in play and playing. 相似文献
843.
844.
John F. Edens Norman G. Poythress M. Monica Watkins-clay 《Journal of personality assessment》2013,95(1):33-42
To investigate the internal validity of Rorschach profile analysis, a repertory grid technique was used, with 47 undergraduate Ss, to assess relationships between four constructs referring to the ‘determinant’ properties of inkblots, and four constructs referring to their supposed psychological concomitants. The grids were analysed by a computer program COIN, which produces a composite grid, indicating the pattern of construct relationships characteristic of the whole sample. Results indicated a common pattern of construct relationships which was significant over and above individual variations. This pattern, however, was not the one claimed by Rorschach and assumed in conventional profile analysis of Rorschach protocols. 相似文献
845.
This study examined the hypothesis that rejected children's inability to interact successfully with their peers stems from misperception of nonverbal communication cues, whereas neglected children have the necessary perceptual skills and their inability arises because they are unable to use them. Comparisons were made among 5- and 9-year-old neglected, rejected, and control children (six groups, N = 15 per group) on four tasks: affective empathy, cognitive empathy, decoding of facial expressions of emotion, and decoding of emotional situations. The results, which were consistent with the hypothesis, are interpreted in a social-skills model based on the work of Argyle and Powers. 相似文献
846.
The treatment of missing data in the social sciences has changed tremendously during the last decade. Modern missing data techniques such as multiple imputation and full-information maximum likelihood are used much more frequently. These methods assume that data are missing at random. One very common approach to increase the likelihood that missing at random is achieved consists of including many covariates as so-called auxiliary variables. These variables are either included based on data considerations or in an inclusive fashion; that is, taking all available auxiliary variables. In this article, we point out that there are some instances in which auxiliary variables exhibit the surprising property of increasing bias in missing data problems. In a series of focused simulation studies, we highlight some situations in which this type of biasing behavior can occur. We briefly discuss possible ways how one can avoid selecting bias-inducing covariates as auxiliary variables. 相似文献
847.
This study examined relationships between reading comprehension, known predictors of reading comprehension (i.e., cognitive flexibility, fluency, reading motivation and attitude, vocabulary), and graphical device comprehension. One-hundred fifty-six third graders completed assessments of known predictor variables and an assessment tapping comprehension of graphical devices commonly found in age-appropriate informational texts: captioned pictures, insets, surface diagrams, cross-sectional diagrams, flow charts, timelines, and tables. Graphical device comprehension was strongly correlated with reading comprehension, rs = 0.49, p (one-tailed) < 0.01. Regression analyses, including known and new variables, revealed that graphical device comprehension accounted for 12.81% of the resulting standardized model predicting general reading comprehension. 相似文献
848.
Ethan R. Van Norman Peter M. Nelson Jae-Eun Shin Theodore J. Christ 《Journal of Behavioral Education》2013,22(4):283-301
Educators, school psychologists, and other professionals must evaluate student progress and decide to continue, modify, or terminate instructional programs to ensure student success. For this purpose, progress-monitoring data are often collected, plotted graphically, and visually analyzed. The current study evaluated the impact of three common formats for visual analysis (scatter plots, scatter plots with trend lines, and scatter plots with trend and aim lines) on the decision accuracy of 52 novice analysts. All participants viewed 18 time-series graphs that depicted student growth on a continuous metric (e.g., oral reading fluency). Participants rated each graph as depicting substantial progress, minimal progress, or no progress. The magnitude of the true slope for each graph was fixed to 3.00 (substantial progress), 0.75 (minimal progress), or 0 (no progress). Inferential analyses were used to determine the probability of a participant correctly identifying different magnitudes of trend in the presence of different visual aids (no visual aid, trend line, and trend line with aim line). The odds of correctly identifying trend were influenced by visual aid (p < .01) and trend magnitude (p < .01). The addition of a trend line resulted in a sharp increase in the probability of making a correct decision. Graphs depicting minimal progress reduced the probability of a correct decision. 相似文献
849.
Norman Doe 《International Journal for the Study of the Christian Church》2013,13(1):85-117
Abstract This paper was originally delivered, at the invitation of the Archbishop of Canterbury, at the Meeting of the Primates of the Anglican Communion, held at Kanuga, North Carolina, USA, in March 2001 and was first published in Ecclesiastical Law Journal 6 (2002). The paper examines the moral and juridical experiences of Anglicans concerning order and discipline, and then moves to an analysis of the ways in which the legal systems of particular Anglican Churches contribute to global communion. It also proposes ways in which shared principles may be induced from the profound similarities between the laws of Anglican Churches, and how these represent a ius commune of the Anglican Communion. The paper has since led to a Consultation of Anglican Legal Advisers at Canterbury in March 2002, and their acceptance that there are principles of canon law common to the churches of the Communion. This was endorsed by the Primates’ Meeting at Canterbury in April 2002 which suggested these canonical principles may represent the fifth instrument of Anglican unity. 相似文献
850.