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51.
Sex Differences and Similarities in Video Game Experience,Preferences, and Self-Efficacy: Implications for the Gaming Industry 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Melissa Terlecki Jennifer Brown Lindsey Harner-Steciw John Irvin-Hannum Nora Marchetto-Ryan Linda Ruhl Jennifer Wiggins 《Current psychology (New Brunswick, N.J.)》2011,30(1):22-33
As computer technology continues to pervade every facet of life, the study of video game playing becomes more relevant. Studies
show that sex differences continue to exist between men and women, boys and girls, in video game experience, favoring males.
Few studies show any overlap in preferences between young men and women in their video gaming choices. The current study surveyed
over 2,000 college undergraduates for video game experience, preferences, and self-efficacy. Although it was found that men
play video games more often, have had more experience, and feel more confident in their game playing ability, a moderate female
gaming population was found to exist, who also play video games regularly. Almost as many similarities as differences were
found between men and women in their gaming preferences. Suggestions and implications for the video game industry are discussed. 相似文献
52.
Markett S Montag C Walter NT Plieger T Reuter M 《Cognitive, affective & behavioral neuroscience》2011,11(4):644-651
The adjustment of behavior to changing goals and environmental constraints requires the flexible switching between different
task sets. Cognitive flexibility is an endophenotype of executive functioning and is highly heritable, as indicated by twin
studies. Individual differences in global flexibility as assessed by reaction-time measurement in a task-switching paradigm
were recently related to a single nucleotide polymorphism in the vicinity of the dopamine d2 receptor gene DRD2. In the present
study, we assessed whether the DRD2 gene is related to backward inhibition, a control mechanism that contributes to cognitive
flexibility by reducing proactive interference by no longer relevant task sets. We found that carriers of the DRD2 A1+ variant
who have a lower striatal dopamine d2 receptor density than A1– carriers show a larger backward inhibition effect. This is
in line with previous results demonstrating increased behavioral flexibility in carriers of this genetic variant. The discussion
relates the present finding to those of previous studies assessing the neurogenetic foundations of inhibitory control. 相似文献
53.
Jones NL 《The American journal of bioethics : AJOB》2007,7(4):40-2; discussion W1-3
54.
Sluzenski J Newcombe NS Kovacs SL 《Journal of experimental psychology. Learning, memory, and cognition》2006,32(1):89-100
This research was an investigation of children's performance on a task that requires memory binding. In Experiments 1 and 2, 4-year-olds, 6-year-olds, and adults viewed complex pictures and were tested on memory for isolated parts in the pictures and on the part combinations (combination condition). The results suggested improvement in memory for the combinations between the ages of 4 and 6 years but not in memory for the isolated parts. In Experiments 2 and 3, the authors also examined the developmental relationship between performance in the combination condition and free recall of a naturalistic event, finding preliminary evidence that performance on a memory task that requires binding is positively related to performance in episodic memory. 相似文献
55.
There is evidence, beginning with Cheng (1986), that mobile animals may use the geometry of surrounding areas to reorient
following disorientation. Gallistel (1990) proposed that geometry is used to compute the major or minor axes of space and
suggested that such information might form an encapsulated cognitive module. Research reviewed here, conducted on a wide variety
of species since the initial discovery of the use of geometry and the formulation of the modularity claim, has supported some
aspects of the approach, while casting doubt on others. Three possible processing models are presented that vary in the way
in which (and the extent to which) they instantiate the modularity claim. The extant data do not permit us to discriminate
among them. We propose a modified concept of modularity for which an empirical program of research is more tractable. 相似文献
56.
Nora Hämäläinen 《Philosophical Investigations》2020,43(4):363-381
In this paper, I raise the question of how the tradition of ethics after Wittgenstein tends to neglect the historicity of morality, in a way which is not representative of the complexity of Wittgenstein’s own thinking. I analyse a tendency towards one-sidedness in the preferred diet of philosophical examples, where focus lies on recognition of, and ethical attentiveness to, a fellow person or creature. Although these examples play an important role in their own right, the overuse of such examples, along with a certain notion of “philosophical grammar”, detracts from a historically sensitive investigation of our ethical forms of life. 相似文献
57.
Murphy NA 《Personality & social psychology bulletin》2007,33(3):325-339
Intelligence is an important trait that affects everyday social interaction. The present research utilized the ecological perspective of social perception to investigate the impression management of intelligence and strangers' evaluations of targets' intelligence levels. The ability to effectively portray an impression of intelligence to outside judges as well as interaction partners was appraised and the effect of impression management on the accurate judgment of intelligence was assessed. In addition, targets' behavior was studied in relation to impression management, perceived intelligence, and actual measured intelligence. Impression-managing targets appeared more intelligent to video judges but not to their interaction partner as compared to controls. The intelligence quotient (IQ) of impression-managing targets was more accurately judged than controls' IQ. Impression-managing targets displayed distinct nonverbal behavioral patterns that differed from controls. Looking while speaking was a key behavior: It significantly correlated with IQ, was successfully manipulated by impression-managing targets, and contributed to higher perceived intelligence ratings. 相似文献
58.
59.
Alia-Klein N Goldstein RZ Tomasi D Zhang L Fagin-Jones S Telang F Wang GJ Fowler JS Volkow ND 《Emotion (Washington, D.C.)》2007,7(3):649-659
The words "No" and "Yes" are involved in conditioning to prohibit or encourage behavior, respectively. The authors, therefore, hypothesized that these words would be attributed to endogenous valence, activating neuronal circuits involved with valence and emotional control. Functional MRI (fMRI) at 4 Tesla was used to record regional brain activity while participants were exposed to emphatic vocalizations of the words. Results showed that No and Yes were associated with opposite brain-behavior responses; while No was negatively valenced, produced slower response times, and evoked a negative signal in the right lateral orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), Yes was positively valenced, produced faster response times, and evoked a positive signal in a contiguous region of the OFC. Attribution of negative valence to No and trait anger control were associated with increased responsivity of the OFC to No. Inasmuch as sensitivity to the prohibitive command No develops during childhood through interaction with primary caregivers as the first social objects, our findings may implicate the lateral OFC in the neurobiology of emotion regulation and subsequent social development. 相似文献
60.