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191.
Oh W Rubin KH Bowker JC Booth-LaForce C Rose-Krasnor L Laursen B 《Journal of abnormal child psychology》2008,36(4):553-566
Heterogeneity and individual differences in the developmental course of social withdrawal were examined longitudinally in
a community sample (N = 392). General Growth Mixture Modeling (GGMM) was used to identify distinct pathways of social withdrawal, differentiate
valid subgroup trajectories, and examine factors that predicted change in trajectories within subgroups. Assessments of individual
(social withdrawal), interactive (prosocial behavior), relationship (friendship involvement, stability and quality, best friend’s
withdrawal and exclusion/victimization) and group- (exclusion/victimization) level characteristics were used to define growth
trajectories from the final year of elementary school, across the transition to middle school, and then to the final year
of middle school (fifth-to-eighth grades). Three distinct trajectory classes were identified: low stable, increasing, and decreasing. Peer exclusion, prosocial behavior, and mutual friendship involvement differentiated class membership. Friendlessness, friendship
instability, and exclusion were significant predictors of social withdrawal for the increasing class, whereas lower levels of peer exclusion predicted a decrease in social withdrawal for the decreasing class. 相似文献
192.
Arlene Rubin Stiffman Catherine Striley Eddie Brown Gordon Limb Emily Ostmann 《Journal of child and family studies》2003,12(3):319-333
We illustrate the addictions and mental health service use of American Indian adolescents. Interviews concerning mental health need and service configurations with 401 Southwestern American Indian (AI) youth used questions from the Diagnostic Interview Schedule (DIS) and the Service Assessment for Children and Adolescents (SACA). Seventy-nine percent had mental health or addiction problems, with half meeting criteria for at least one diagnosis. One in 4 youth met criteria for drug dependence'abuse or conduct disorder, 1 in 5 for depression, and 1 in 8 for alcohol dependence'abuse. Most youth were helped by a combination of providers. Youth meeting more diagnostic criteria were increasingly likely to use service configurations with adults, nonspecialist professionals, and specialists, respectively. Regardless of disorder, youth were least likely to use configurations with traditional healers or specialists and there was little difference in rates of use between the two. The lack of services from specialist providers was potentially offset by use of an extensive range of informal adults, nonspecialist professionals, and peers. Since informal helpers, peers, and nonspecialist providers, but not specialists, are providing the bulk of services they must be given support and skills so they can function effectively. 相似文献
193.
Chuma K. Owuamalam Stefania Paolini Mark Rubin 《Journal of applied social psychology》2017,47(7):366-376
We examined a proposition based on social identity theory that socially creative appraisals of rejection can boost the well‐being of strongly identifying ethnic migrants. We piloted this proposition amongst women (N = 80) and found that strong (but not weak) group identifiers who considered the positive views that society holds about their social identity reported higher subjective wellbeing (self‐esteem) relative to those who dwelt on rejection. In a subsequent field experiment (N = 179) conducted amongst ethnic migrants in London, we added a further social creativity treatment in which participants were encouraged to consider how they would view immigrants if they were native British (accommodation). Results revealed that the two social creativity mindsets (accommodation and positive) combined: (a) reduced perceptions of social rejection and increased optimism over the openness and fairness of society relative to a rejection mindset, (b) enhanced the self‐esteem of strongly (but not weakly) identified ethnic migrants, and (c) enhanced ethnic migrant's wellbeing by minimizing the recall of social rejection and by strengthening optimism over the host society's openness and fairness. Implications for social change are discussed. 相似文献
194.
Gordon JB Levine RJ Mazure CM Rubin PE Schaller BR Young JL 《The American journal of bioethics : AJOB》2011,11(5):24-30
This article argues that we could improve the design of research protocols by developing an awareness of and a responsiveness to the social contexts of all the actors in the research enterprise, including subjects, investigators, sponsors, and members of the community in which the research will be conducted. "Social context" refers to the settings in which the actors are situated, including, but not limited to, their social, economic, political, cultural, and technological features. The utility of thinking about social contexts is introduced and exemplified by the presentation of a hypothetical case in which one central issue is limitation of the probability of injury to subjects by selection of individuals who are not expected to live long enough for the known risks of the study to become manifest as harms. Benefits of such considerations may include enhanced subject satisfaction and cooperation, community acceptance, and improved data quality, among other desirable consequences. 相似文献
195.
196.
When autobiographical memories are elicited with word cues, personal events from middle childhood to early adulthood are overrepresented
compared to events from other periods. It is, however, unclear whether these memories are also associated with greater recollection.
In this online study, we examined whether autobiographical memories from adolescence and early adulthood are recollected more
than memories from other lifetime periods. Participants rated personal events that were elicited with cue words on reliving
or vividness. Consistent with previous studies, most memories came from the period in which the participants were between
6 and 20 years old. The memories from this period were not relived more or recalled more vividly than memories from other
lifetime periods, suggesting that they do not involve more recollection. Recent events had higher levels of reliving and vividness
than remote events, and older adults reported a stronger recollective experience than younger adults. 相似文献
197.
198.
The American Journal of Psychoanalysis - 相似文献
199.
The majority of American Indians live off of reservations, yet research on suicidal behavior in this population overwhelmingly focuses on reservation Indians. This exploratory study interviewed a stratified random sample of 144 urban and 170 reservation American Indian adolescents to compare rates and correlates of suicidal behavior. One fifth of urban youth and one third of reservation youth reported lifetime suicidal ideation, although similar numbers (14%-18%) reported an attempt. Urban youth had fewer psychosocial problems, and in separate multivariate analyses, the groups shared no common correlate of attempted suicide. Different approaches to prevention and treatment may be warranted for urban Indian youth. 相似文献
200.
One of the most significant concerns about the legalization of physician-assisted death in the United States relates to the possibility that a chronically or terminally ill person would choose to end her or his life for financial reasons. Because we believe that the life insurance industry is uniquely poised to help minimize any such incentive, we submit that it has a moral obligation to do so. In particular, we propose that the industry encourage greater flexibility in the payout of policy benefits in the event an insured should be diagnosed with a terminal illness or suffer from intractable pain. 相似文献