A bayesian estimation of factor score in confirmatory factor model with polytomous, censored or truncated data

The posterior analysis in estimating factor score in a confirmatory factor analysis model with polytomous, censored or truncated data is investigated in this paper. For the above three types of data, posterior distributions of the factor score are studied, and the estimators of the factor score are obtained to be the location parameters of the posterior distributions. The accuracy of Bayesian estimates is studied via simulation studies.This research was supported by a Hong Kong UGC grant.     

超常与常态儿童记忆和记忆组织的比较研究

本实验以超常儿童(20名,平均年龄为11岁2个月)和常态儿童(20名,平均年龄为11岁3个月)为被试,以数字和图形为实验材料对超常儿童和常态儿童的记忆和记忆组织特点和差异作了初步的比较研究。结果是;(1)超常儿童不仅在回忆量上比常态儿童优异,更主要的是在记忆速度和记忆组织上比常态儿童发展得更好;(2)儿童的记忆与记忆组织有密切相关,尤其是记忆速度与记忆组织之间有显著相关;(3)实验表明同时使用回忆量和记忆速度作为记忆成绩的指标更为合适,能更好地说明儿童记忆的特点。     

气功入静过程中自发脑电波功率谱及相干函数的分析

用脑电技术和功率谱与相干函数的计算机分析方法,对78名受试者,分别进行了气功入静、一般休息和普通睡眠时的不同脑电变化规律的研究。结果表明入静过程能够使额区脑电能量在δ频段下降,在α频段上升,并在特定频率附近额枕脑电相干值增大。由此提出了入静深度指数概念,并证明了:(1)与一般休息相比,入静深度指数在练功时增大,在睡眠时下降,表示入静过程有自己的特殊规律。(2)内养功、强壮功、虚明功的入静深度指数无明显差异,说明不同练功方法均能达到入静的效果。     

损毁下丘脑弓状核、中缝背核和蓝斑对大鼠应激镇痛的影响

本文用不能躲避的间歇脚底电刺激引起大鼠应激,用电刺激鼠尾-嘶叫法测定镇痛效应,研究下丘脑弓状核(脑内β-内啡肽能神经元胞体集中的部位)、中缝背核(脑内5-羟色胺能神经元胞体主要集中的部位之一)和蓝斑(脑内去甲肾上腺素能神经元胞体主要集中的部位之一)与应激镇痛的关系。 用新生大鼠腹腔注射谷氨酸-钠的方法损毁弓状核后,用海人酸和电解两种方法损毁中缝背核或蓝斑后,应激镇痛效应均明显减弱。由于谷氨酸-钠和海人酸只选择性地损毁神经元胞体,故认为脑内的β-内啡肽能神经元、5-羟色胺能神经元和去甲肾上腺素能神经元均参与应激的行为镇痛。     

学生道德品质自我评价倾向性的研究

本研究采用态度测量法,让不同年龄的学生(8、11、14、17、20岁)320人对八项道德品质作自我评价,也评价他人,以探讨其自我评价的倾向性。 研究表明,学生对于优良的道德品质的自我评价一般都高于他人对他的评价;对于不良品质的自我否定则一般都强于对优良品质的自我肯定;学生道德品质的自我评价表现出年龄差异与性别差异;从小学五年级开始,自我评价发生明显的转折,接近高年级而远离低年级,表示出该年龄阶段有特殊意义。     

印照三江 光耀五洲——纪念印祖生西八十周年

自1840年第一次鸦片战争掀开中国近代史的一页,直至1949年中华人民共和国成立,百年间历史风云诡谲,社会动荡不安。中国社会经历着剧烈的历史变革,政局不稳、思想不安,延续了三千多年的文化传统和价值观受到严峻的冲击,佛教也在风云变幻中跌宕沉浮。     

中国华北地区城市与乡村基督教徒对死亡认识的比较研究

通过对城市和乡村基督教徒关于死亡和濒死态度的比较研究,探索城市和乡村基督教信徒对死亡和濒死态度的差异性及形成原因,为死亡教育和临终关怀服务的开展进行理论探索。本文认为城市教徒在对死亡和濒死的理解和态度方面比张庄地区教徒更现实、更世俗化,在思想与行为方面发生一定程度的异化。而乡村教徒对于基督教教义中关于死亡和濒死的论述认可程度较高,在思想和行为上更接近于基督教关于死亡和濒死的论述。     

Maternal Life Stress and Subsequent Chinese Toddlers’ Social Adjustment: The Moderating Role of Inhibitory Control

The current study examined the links between maternal life stress and subsequent toddler behavior problems and social competence, as well as the potential moderating effects of cool and hot inhibitory control (IC) in mainland China. Participants included 89 mothers and their infants (42 boys, 47 girls). Mothers completed self-report measure of maternal life stress when their children were 1 year of age (M?=?1.18, SD?=?.07 at Time 1), and reported on their children’s social adjustment using the Chinese version of Infant-Toddler Social and Emotional Assessment (CITSEA) at Time 1 and again a year later (M?=?2.06, SD?=?.09 at Time 2). Toddler IC was assessed with laboratory tasks at Time 2. Structural equation modeling with a bootstrap resample of 1000 indicated that cool IC significantly moderated the longitudinal association between maternal life stress (T1) and latent construct of toddler behavior problems (T2), controlling for behavior problems at Time 1, child age and maternal age. Specifically, maternal life stress was associated with subsequent behavior problems only for toddlers who were low in cool IC. In comparison to the results of behavior problems, high levels of maternal life stress predicted subsequent low levels of social competence. Neither cool IC nor hot IC served as the moderator in the association between maternal life stress (T1) and toddler social competence (T2). These findings indicated that toddler cool IC may promote resilient adaptation and modify the links between maternal life stress and toddler behavior problems but not social competence.     

General Need for Autonomy and Subjective Well-Being: A Meta-Analysis of Studies in the US and East Asia

Self-determination theory proposes that human beings have universal basic psychological needs for autonomy, competence, and relatedness, which when satisfied lead to well-being. The current meta-analysis synthesized the correlations between the need for autonomy and subjective well-being. More specifically, because some researchers have questioned the role of autonomy in well-being in non-Western cultures, our meta-analysis focused on the results reported from studies conducted in the United States (US, a typical individualist culture) and East Asian countries (typical collectivist cultures). Random-effects analyses using 36 independent samples (22 from the US and 14 from East Asian samples including China and Japan) totaling 12,906 participants showed a moderate correlation (r = .46, p < .001) between autonomy and subjective well-being. The difference between correlations for studies conducted in the East and West was not significant (Δr = .05, p > .05). Overall, this study lends support to self-determination theory’s proposition that autonomy is a universal psychological need and provides suggestions for cultural practices and policies.