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911.
开发、国家政策与狩猎采集民社会的生态与生计——以中国东北大小兴安岭地区的鄂伦春族为例 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
狩猎采集民在多民族多文化的国家中,她往往处于周边民族的边缘地带。本文在对于全球范围内的狩猎采集民的研究在人类学的学术定位以及他们目前面临的共同的社会、生态等问题的基础上,选择中国大小兴安岭的狩猎民族——鄂伦春族为研究对象,在人类学田野调查的基础上,分析了鄂伦春族所处地区的自然生态和人口变化,讨论了清朝和伪满洲国时期的近代以来的政策,包括日本殖民主义的意识形态对鄂伦春族的负面影响。重点探讨了1949年以后的森林开发、定居化以及20世纪90年代以来的“禁猎转产”等政策,对于当地生态环境影响的同时,如何使原住民族——鄂伦春人的生计、社会和文化发生了巨大的变化。最后,笔者把此研究提升为对于“进步”和文明的表述问题的讨论。 相似文献
912.
Huanhuan Li PhD Weizhen Xie BS Xinwei Luo MD Rong Fu BS Chuan Shi MEd Xiangyu Ying BS Ning Wang MSc Qifeng Yin BS Xiang Wang MD 《Suicide & life-threatening behavior》2014,44(1):78-88
The role of psychological pain in the risk of suicide was explored using a three‐dimensional psychological pain model (pain arousal, painful feelings, pain avoidance). The sample consisted of 111 outpatients with major depressive episodes, including 28 individuals with suicidal histories. They completed the Chinese version of the Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation (BSI), the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), the Psychache Scale, and the three‐dimensional Psychological Pain Scale (TDPPS). A structured clinical interview was conducted to assess the history of suicidal acts. Significant correlations were found among BDI, BSI, and TDPPS scores (p < .01). Stepwise regression analyses showed that only pain avoidance scores significantly predicted suicide ideation at one's worst point (β = .79, p < .001) and suicidal acts (β = .46, p < .001). Pain avoidance was also a better predictor of current suicidal ideation (β = .37, p = .001) than were BDI scores (β = .31, p < .01). Increased levels of pain avoidance during a major depressive episode may be a dominant component of the motivation for suicide. Future clinical assessments for populations at high risk of suicide should include measures of psychological pain to reduce the incidence of suicide. 相似文献
913.
Małgorzata M. Puchalska‐Wasyl 《Applied cognitive psychology》2014,28(3):374-381
Nearly all the self‐talk cues studied so far have been self‐statements. However, the findings of Senay, Albarracin, and Noguchi suggest that interrogative self‐talk produces better task performance than declarative one. Two of the experiments reported here were meant to replicate that study, but the expected differences were not confirmed. Experiment 3 showed that if a self‐posed question about future behavior was answered positively, task performance was better than in groups exposed either to the self‐statement ‘I will do it’ or to a negative answer following the question. However, these differences occurred only in those who self‐reported the awareness of the impact of self‐talk on their thought processes. This effect and the possible reasons why between‐group differences were not found in Experiments 1 and 2 are discussed. An alternative explanation for the results of Experiment 3 is also proposed beside that stressing the impact of internal answer. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
914.
Małgorzata M. Puchalska‐Wasyl 《The Japanese psychological research》2016,58(3):248-260
Interest in the distinction between integrative and confrontational internal dialogues has been growing, as research suggests numerous positive functions of the former compared to the latter. The article proposes a theoretical approach to integration and confrontation in internal dialogue and an empirical method of measuring these processes. Exploratory research is also presented that seeks to identify personality‐related and situational determinants of integration and confrontation in internal dialogue simulating social relationships. Canonical correlation analysis did not establish personality determinants but it did reveal situational determinants (understood as cognitive interpretation of the enacted situation) behind integration and confrontation in internal dialogue. Perceiving the internal interlocutor as similar to the dialogue's author is associated with the author's integrative attitude. An increase in the wishfulness of the dialogue is accompanied by an increase in the author's confrontational attitude and the interlocutor's integrative attitude. 相似文献
915.
916.
917.
Małgorzata M. Puchalska-Wasyl 《The Journal of psychology》2015,149(5):443-460
The two studies presented in the article aimed to empirically verify the tentative typology of internal interlocutors in self-talk proposed in a previous research project. The typology comprised four emotional types: Faithful Friend, Ambivalent Parent, Proud Rival, and Helpless Child. Study 1 involved 98 participants (49 women) and Study 2 involved 114 (55 women), mostly students. In both studies, the names of internal interlocutors were generated by participants as qualitative data, quantified by reference to the standard set of affect terms, and, as affective patterns, subjected to clustering. Study 2 fully confirmed the recent results, whereas Study 1 revealed a new interlocutor type instead of Helpless Child – Calm Optimist. The conducted studies confirm the existence of four main types of inner interlocutors and provide a reason to verify the existence of Calm Optimist. 相似文献
918.
Xiaogang Bi Sailesh Gunessee Robert Hoffmann Wendy Hui Jeremy Larner Qing‐Ping Ma Frauke Mattison Thompson 《Journal of Consumer Behaviour》2012,11(3):252-263
Consumer ethnocentrism presents barriers for internationalising organisations. In China, evidence of a resurgent nationalism partly fuelled by rapid economic growth portends a shift in consumption away from foreign towards domestic products. On the other hand, rising consumer demand for branded and luxury products cannot be fully met domestically. However, much of the available evidence on Chinese consumer ethnocentrism is anecdotal and is based on attitudinal surveys that, as accurate measures of actual purchasing behaviour, suffer from certain methodological issues. In response, we report an experiment that measures the ethnocentrism of 447 Chinese consumers as their incentive‐compatible choices between foreign and domestic products in a field setting. Our findings show little effect of foreign origin on subjects' choices that were only weakly related with attitudinal measures including the commonly used consumer ethnocentric tendencies scale (CETSCALE). Our results question the existence of ethnocentric consumer behaviour in China and the use of CETSCALE to gauge it generally. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
919.
Ma. Regina M. Hechanova Ramon Benedicto A. Alampay Edna P. Franco 《Asian Journal of Social Psychology》2006,9(1):72-78
The present study surveyed 954 employees and their supervisors to determine the relationship of empowerment with job satisfaction and performance in five different service sectors: hotels, food service, banking, call centers, and airlines. Psychological empowerment was positively correlated with both job satisfaction and performance. Although intrinsic motivation was associated with higher levels of empowerment and job satisfaction, contrary to hypothesis, intrinsic motivation did not moderate the relationship between empowerment and job satisfaction and performance. Men reported greater empowerment than women even when job level and performance were controlled for. Cross-industry analyses indicated differences in empowerment across different types of service sectors with employees in call centers reporting less empowerment compared to employees in hotel, airlines, food establishments, and banks. 相似文献
920.
大学生网络成瘾者人格特征和心理健康水平的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
研究影响大学生网络成瘾的人格特征和心理健康因素,选取网络成瘾的24名大学生进行16PF、SCL-90的问卷调查,并和对照组比较.结果发现在人格特征上,成瘾组在乐群性、稳定性、怀疑性和独立性有别于对照组;在心理健康水平上,成瘾组在抑郁和敌对等项目得分要高于对照组.成瘾组心理健康水平低于对照组,具有不良的人格特征. 相似文献