来源记忆与情绪

来源记忆是有关事件背景的记忆,它与情绪存在一定的关联。首先,来源记忆受受试者情绪状态的影响;其次,情绪材料与中性材料的来源信息提取的行为特点及激活的大脑区域有所不同;最后,情绪背景与中性背景来源提取的任务难度不同,且前者比后者需要参与的大脑区域更多。     

认知加工中时间与非时间信息的相互关系

在认知心理学领域，关于时间信息和非时间信息在认知加工中关系的争论有：相互独立、相互竞争、相互促进三大观点。本文对支持这三种观点的实验分别进行了分析、整理，并在此基础上概括出特定条件下时间信息与非时间信息的相互关系：事件结构一致条件下，两类信息在认知加工中表现为相互促进；如果事件结构不一致，而心理负荷(即两类信息所需注意资源之和)超过了注意总资源，两类信息表现为相互竞争；若心理负荷没有超过注意总资源，两类信息则表现为相互独立。     

佛教释经家对儒道思想的简别

三教关系史上,天台、华严等宗的释经著作,真正揭明了佛教与儒、道二教在哲学思维上的差异性。释智顗区分了世间之实与出世间之实,他的“十法成乘”思想从理论与实践两个层面挑明了佛教区别于其他观念体系的个性。释澄观、释宗密以诸法唯心的佛法原理为立足点,指出传统中国哲学的一多之思与佛学思维存在根本不同。     

青少年压力:两个华人社区之比较研究

研制适合当代我国青少年的生活压力事件问卷,并对广州和澳门两地中学生的压力状况进行比较。研究一在参考前人问卷及预试的基础上编制初步问卷,用之对广州1652名初一到高三6个年级的中学生进行问卷调查,通过因素分析形成一份六维度的正式问卷,这六个维度分别是学业压力、社会人际压力、父母压力、自我发展压力、环境压力和学校-老师压力。研究二用问卷对广州和澳门两地初一到高三6个年级的中学生进行比较,结果发现,两地学生在这所有维度上均差异显著,只有环境维度广州学生感受到的压力高于澳门,其他五个维度均是澳门学生高于广州学生。     

《青少年心理健康素质调查表》动力系统分量表的编制

本文旨在介绍青少年心理健康素质动力系统量表的编制及其标准化过程。量表编制的重要理论基础为马斯洛的五级动机理论和弗兰克尔的自我超越动机理论。研究的测量工具有:自尊量表,自我超越生命意义量表,指向自我生命意义量表和对意义的追寻量表。被试为北京市某中学的334名初中高中学生。结果显示:青少年心理健康素质动力系统量表的内部一致性Cronbach′sα=0.90,效标效度较理想。研究结论:该量表可以作为测量青少年心理健康素质动力系统的一个较为可靠的工具。     

Attitude Towards Persons with Intellectual Disability Scale: Further Development

The purpose of this study is to revise and further develop an attitude towards person with intellectual disability scale (APIDs). The further development of this scale was mainly based on Community Living Attitude Scale (CLAS) and Attitude towards Intellectual Disability Questionnaire (ATTID). The study examined the psychometric properties of the proposed measuring instrument in terms of its factorial validity and internal consistency reliability. The confirmatory factor analysis showed that the proposed five-factor model did not fit the data well. Exploratory factorial analysis was then conducted to re-examine the structure. The results suggested a three-factor structure, i.e. sociality, capacity, and protection. The internal consistency reliability was good for sociality and capacity but needs further improvement for protection. The cultural and social landscape within a population affects the factorial structure an attitude scale. The use of APIDs was also discussed.     

Who,What and Where (WWW) Problems in Scientific Communities

Science and Engineering Ethics - The results of the National Higher Education Entrance Examination (Gaokao, in Chinese) have a life-long effect on most Chinese by labeling them clever or not. Some...     

Healing Without Waging War: Beyond Military Metaphors in Medicine and HIV Cure Research

Military metaphors are pervasive in biomedicine, including HIV research. Rooted in the mind set that regards pathogens as enemies to be defeated, terms such as “shock and kill” have become widely accepted idioms within HIV cure research. Such language and symbolism must be critically examined as they may be especially problematic when used to express scientific ideas within emerging health-related fields. In this article, philosophical analysis and an interdisciplinary literature review utilizing key texts from sociology, anthropology, history, and Chinese and African studies were conducted to investigate the current proliferation of military metaphors. We found the use of these metaphors to be ironic, unfortunate, and unnecessary. To overcome military metaphors we propose to (1) give them less aggressive meanings, and/or (2) replace them with more peaceful metaphors. Building on previous authors' work, we argue for the increased use of “journey” (and related) metaphors as meaningful, cross-culturally appropriate alternatives to military metaphors.     

关于健康社会性格的跨文化研究

社会性格作为国民素质的重要组成,其健康程度将直接影响精神文明建设的成效。本研究发现,当代人健康社会性格体系由五个因素构成,分别是：进取心、道德感、安定感、领导性与家庭性,为进一步深入探究,本研究采用跨文化方式,将日韩、欧美的参照样本与当代中国人进行比较研究,发现性别与国别因素对于五个因素中的若干项具有显著性影响,体现出跨文化差异性。本研究对于成功塑造跨世纪中国人健康社会性格将具有积极的理论与实践意义。     

情绪调节自我效能感与主观幸福感：情绪调节方式的中介作用

本研究的目的在于探讨青少年情绪调节自我效能感与主观幸福感之间的关系及情绪调节方式在其中的中介作用。采用《情绪调节自我效能感量表》、《情绪调节方式量表》和《主观幸福感量表》对1128名中学生进行测查,结果表明：(1) 情绪调节自我效能感与情绪调节方式、生活满意度、积极情感、消极情感关系紧密;(2) 情绪调节自我效能感和情绪调节方式可显著预测主观幸福感;(3) 减弱调节在情绪调节自我效能感与主观幸福感间起部分中介作用。