The Impact of World Knowledge on the Processing of Mandarin Possessive Reflexive <Emphasis Type="Italic">zijide</Emphasis>

It has long been considered that the Mandarin possessive reflexive zijide can be either locally bound or long distance bound, leading to ambiguity where it fails to exclusively refer back to either long distance binding NP or the local NP. In addition to syntactic factors such as the local versus long distance division, the present study examined the potential influence of general world knowledge on the interpretation of zijide. Three experiments, two offline sentence evaluation tasks and one online sentence reading task, found that zijide could be either facilitated or impeded by world knowledge carried in the NPs of the sentence. The results showed that in some cases, zijide was considered exclusively referring back to the long distance NP. These findings seemed to support the notion of subject orientation effect and demonstrated the influence of world knowledge on the processing of Mandarin possessive reflexive zijide.     

Forgiveness in Javanese collective culture: The relationship between rumination,harmonious value,decisional forgiveness and emotional forgiveness

Forgiveness in Javanese collective culture is examined by considering harmonious value (HV) a subjective value on maintaining social harmony and rumination. In Study 1, we conducted an exploratory sequential mixed‐method study to develop a scale measuring HV. In‐depth interviews with eight Javanese adolescents revealed three major domains of HV (Study 1a). In a second quantitative study (Study 1b), we developed items and assessed 347 Javanese adolescents in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Principal component analysis and confirmatory factor analysis supported three factors: cooperation during conflict, forbearing and resolving conflict. After confirming that the translated scales had acceptable reliability, we conducted Study 2 with 424 Javanese adolescents from both urban and village settings. Using hierarchical multiple regression, we found that HV accounted for a variance in decisional forgiveness above and beyond rumination. In addition, decisional forgiveness also accounted for variance in emotional forgiveness above and beyond rumination. In fact, HV accounted for variance in emotional forgiveness above and beyond both rumination and decisional forgiveness together. This revealed the importance of valuing social harmony in this collectivistic culture. Moreover, decisional forgiveness was also important in predicting the Javanese collectivists’ emotional forgiveness.     

Judgement bias in pigs is independent of performance in a spatial holeboard task and conditional discrimination learning

Biases in judgement of ambiguous stimuli, as measured in a judgement bias task, have been proposed as a measure of the valence of affective states in animals. We recently suggested a list of criteria for behavioural tests of emotion, one of them stating that responses on the task used to assess emotionality should not be confounded by, among others, differences in learning capacity, i.e. must not simply reflect the cognitive capacity of an animal. We performed three independent studies in which pigs acquired a spatial holeboard task, a free choice maze which simultaneously assesses working memory and reference memory. Next, pigs learned a conditional discrimination between auditory stimuli predicting a large or small reward, a prerequisite for assessment of judgement bias. Once pigs had acquired the conditional discrimination task, optimistic responses to previously unheard ambiguous stimuli were measured in the judgement bias task as choices indicating expectation of the large reward. We found that optimism in the judgement bias task was independent of all three measures of learning and memory indicating that the performance is not dependent on the pig’s cognitive abilities. These results support the use of biases in judgement as proxy indicators of emotional valence in animals.     

道德谱系学与道德意识现象学

一尼采于1887年发表《论道德的谱系》。此后谱系学的哲学著作便开始日趋增多。连胡塞尔这位在其一生中看起来从未与尼采发生直接联系的思想家①,也会在1933年有意无意地以逻辑谱系学研究为副标题,来发表他生前最后一部著作《经验与判断》,遑论眼下最重要的谱系哲学家福柯等     

开放教育学生金钱态度与主观幸福感的关系:社会支持的中介作用

开放教育是高等教育的重要组成部分,加强开放教育学生学习的同时,提升其幸福指数,注重心理健康发展是开放教育的重要内容。文章采用《金钱态度量表》、《主观幸福感量表》、《社会支持量表》对开放大学系统 345名在校生进了调查并采用中介效应分析。结果表明,(1)社会支持、金钱态度和主观幸福感相关显著;(2)金钱态度因子金钱行为倾向对社会支持、总体幸福感及其因子回归效应显著; 社会支持在金钱行为倾向的基础上,对主观幸福感及其因子精力、对生活的满足和兴趣、对情感和行为的控制回归明显,同时在两者之间起了中介作用。说明金钱态度因子金钱行为倾向直接影响开放教育学生主观幸福感,另一方面通过社会支持影响开放远程教育学生主观幸福感。因此,建议开放教育从建立社会支持系统、师资队伍建设、心理健康教育、金钱观培养四方面着手,提升开放教育学生的幸福指数,促进其全面发展。     

知识差异和知识冲突对团队创新的影响

通过情景模拟实验比较了高低知识差异和有无知识冲突两个变量四个水平下的团队创新度。结果表明,知识差异和知识冲突存在着交互作用;当知识差异较小时,知识冲突对于团队创新度具有积极作用;当知识差异较大时,知识冲突所起的是一种震荡作用;当团队不存在知识冲突时,较高的知识差异对团队创新度具有积极作用;存在知识冲突时,高知识差异团队和低知识差异团队的创新度没有显著差异     

加强边疆少数民族地区高校无神论教育的重要意义

我国边疆少数民族地区高校所处的特殊环境和面临的严峻挑战．决定了必须从内容、途径和方式等各方面加强边疆少数民族地区高校无神论教育。     

族群变迁与文化聚合——关于梅山教的调查与研究

20世纪30年代,在瑶族传抄文献中发现"梅山教"的存在,由此展开了梅山教的研究。湘中雪峰山脉,古梅山地,是苗瑶祖居地之一,梅山教的发源地。魏晋以来,这里生活着荆蛮部落,巫信仰盛行。唐宋之际,梅山猎人张五郎到龙虎山学习道法,开创"梅山教"。宋熙宁间,朝廷开发梅山,汉族大批移居梅山,梅山蛮主体逐渐迁离梅山,梅山教随之流播各地。在梅山地区,梅山教奉地方神祇张五郎为教主,到了广东瑶区,奉应三郎、黄三郎、李三郎为"三元法主",进入广西十万大山以后,奉道教神"三元将军"为祖师神。梅山教在族群迁徙过程中,逐渐在南方山地民族地区发展成为民间道教的一个流派。而另一方面,在汉人佛、道、民间宗教的影响下,梅山地区的宗教信仰在数百年间发生了巨大变化,现在的梅山师公教已经迥异于"梅山教",而是以汉族宗教信仰为主,留存了"梅山教"部分成分的民间宗教。     

Regulatory Fit,Processing Fluency,and Narrative Persuasion

For millennia, people have used narratives to inform and persuade. However, little social psychological research addresses how and when narrative persuasion occurs, perhaps because narratives are complex stimuli that are difficult to vary without significantly changing the plot or characters. Existing research suggests that regulatory fit and/or processing fluency can be varied easily and in ways completely exterior to narrative content but that nonetheless affect how much narratives engage, transport, and persuade. We review research on narrative transportation and persuasion and then discuss regulatory fit and its relationship to processing fluency. Afterward, we discuss how regulatory fit and processing fluency may affect psychological engagement, transportation, and persuasion via narratives.