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David K. Carson Betty S. Wagner Ned W. Schultz 《The Journal of genetic psychology》2013,174(3):289-302
The relation between temperament, gender, and social competence was examined in a sample of 202 children ranging from 12 to 36 months of age. Gender and specific characteristics of temperament corresponded more with toddler social competence than did a more general style of temperament. Females were rated by mothers and group caregivers as more socially competent than males on all four measures used in the study and significantly more so on three of these measures. Characteristics of temperament most closely associated with toddler social competence were approach/withdrawal, adaptability to change, and general quality of mood. 相似文献
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Ned Markosian 《Philosophical Studies》2012,157(3):383-398
In a recent paper I argued that agent causation theorists should be compatibilists. In this paper, I argue that compatibilists
should be agent causation theorists. I consider six of the main problems facing compatibilism: (i) the powerful intuition
that one can’t be responsible for actions that were somehow determined before one was born; (ii) Peter van Inwagen’s modal
argument, involving the inference rule (β); (iii) the objection to compatibilism that is based on claiming that the ability
to do otherwise is a necessary condition for freedom; (iv) “manipulation arguments,” involving cases in which an agent is
manipulated by some powerful being into doing something that he or she would not normally do, but in such a way that the compatibilist’s
favorite conditions for a free action are satisfied; (v) the problem of constitutive luck; and (vi) the claim that it is not
fair to blame someone for an action if that person was determined by forces outside of his or her control to perform that
action. And in the case of each of these problems, I argue that the compatibilist has a much more plausible response to that
problem if she endorses the theory of agent causation than she does otherwise. 相似文献
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Ned Markosian 《Pacific Philosophical Quarterly》1999,80(3):257-277
The Theory of Agent Causation has always been formulated as an incompatibilist view, but I think that this has been a mistake. The aim of this paper is to argue that, contrary to what agent causation theorists and their opponents have always believed, the most plausible version of the Theory of Agent Causation is actually a compatibilist version of that theory. I formulate the traditional version of the Theory of Agent Causation, and consider a series of objections to it and related views. With each objection comes a corresponding revision of the theory that is motivated by that objection, and with each revision the theory becomes increasingly compatibilistic until, finally, we arrive at a completely compatibilistic version of the Theory of Agent Causation, which I take to be the most plausible version of that theory. 相似文献
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Ned Dobos 《Journal of applied philosophy》2019,36(2):333-347
The ‘working poor’ are paid below‐subsistence wages for full‐time employment. What, if anything, is wrong with this? The extant philosophical literature offers two kinds of answers. The first says that failing to pay workers enough to live on takes unfair advantage of them; the workers are exploited. The second says that employers who fail to pay living wages default on a duty of care grounded in a special relationship; the workers are neglected. These arguments, though generally sound, provide an incomplete picture of the wrongdoing involved. Neither adequately captures the intuition that a firm treats its employees not just badly, but disdainfully, by failing to pay them a living wage. My goal is to bring this particular feature of the relationship to salience. Working full‐time in return for below‐subsistence, I will argue, is an arrangement under which the worker is demeaned. This becomes apparent once we appreciate the expressive power of wages, and the intimate connection between one's labour and one's self. 相似文献
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