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931.
Using qualitative analysis, this research examined filial responsibility and the relationship dynamics between aging mothers and their caregiving daughters. In-depth interviews with 11 mother–daughter pairs explored respondents' sense of filial responsibility, filial expectations, the congruence between mothers' and daughters' expectations, and strategies used to negotiate incongruent expectations. Employing grounded theory, seven categorical themes emerged describing the daughters' perceptions and experiences of providing care. Themes were later linked to the mothers' responses concerning filial responsibility and their experiences of receiving care. Three approaches to caregiving emerged: undifferentiated, dispassionate, and mutually balanced. Findings from the present study have important implications for practitioners working with older adults and their family caregivers. 相似文献
932.
Forrest Scogin Jodie Shackelford Noelle Rohen Jamie Stump Mark Floyd Nancy McKendree-Smith Christine Jamison 《Journal of Clinical Geropsychology》2001,7(4):271-283
Geriatric depression is a relatively commonly occurring mental disorder. A subpopulation of depressed older adults are those who have engaged in or completed pharmacotherapy, yet continue to experience depressive symptoms. We review the prevalence, psychosocial effects, and treatment of residual symptoms of depression in older adults. Data from previous studies conducted by our group are presented to support our contention that residual symptoms of geriatric depression are treatable through psychosocial means. 相似文献
933.
934.
Segal NL McGuire SA Havlena J Gill P Hershberger SL 《Personality and individual differences》2007,42(7):1209-1219
Virtual twins (VTs) are same-age unrelated siblings reared together from infancy who replicate twinship, but without the genetic relatedness. A 2005 report from the ongoing Fullerton Virtual Twin Study found an IQ intraclass correlation of .26 (p < .01, n = 113 pairs) and a within-pair difference of 13.22 IQ points. The average age of VTs in that study was 8.10 years (SD = 8.56, range: 4.01-54.84 years). An opportunity to retest members of 43 VT pairs, 1.70-8.96 years after their time 1 assessment, allowed additional analyses of genetic and environmental influences underlying general intellectual development. A decrease in the VT IQ correlation and an increase in the within-pair difference were indicated, consistent with increasing genetic and/or non-shared environmental influences and decreasing shared environmental influence on general intellectual development throughout childhood. 相似文献
935.
The study examined age differences in positive (e.g., warm) and negative (e.g., hostile) characteristics of marital interactions between middle-aged and older couples and whether these characteristics were differentially associated with marital satisfaction by age. Spouses' perception of partners' positive and negative behavior during marital interaction was assessed in general and following disagreement and collaborative tasks. Trained observers coded spouses' positive and negative behavior during interactions. Older individuals reported higher marital satisfaction and perceived their spouse's behavior as less negative in general and more positive across all contexts than middle-aged individuals. Spouses' perceptions of their partners' positive and negative behavior independently predicted marital satisfaction for both age groups across contexts. Perceptions of partners' negative behavior in general and of both positive and negative behavior in the disagreement task were more closely associated with marital satisfaction for older spouses than for middle-aged spouses. Results point to the importance of positive and negative characteristics in marital functioning across age cohorts and indicate that such characteristics may be context dependent. Findings suggest that, in some contexts, both positive and negative characteristics are more salient for older adults. 相似文献
936.
Relations of maternal socialization and toddlers' effortful control to children's adjustment and social competence 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Spinrad TL Eisenberg N Gaertner B Popp T Smith CL Kupfer A Greving K Liew J Hofer C 《Developmental psychology》2007,43(5):1170-1186
The authors examined the relations of maternal supportive parenting to effortful control and internalizing problems (i.e., separation distress, inhibition to novelty), externalizing problems, and social competence when toddlers were 18 months old (n = 256) and a year later (n = 230). Mothers completed the Coping With Toddlers' Negative Emotions Scale, and their sensitivity and warmth were observed. Toddlers' effortful control was measured with a delay task and adults' reports (Early Childhood Behavior Questionnaire). Toddlers' social functioning was assessed with the Infant/Toddler Social and Emotional Assessment. Within each age, children's regulation significantly mediated the relation between supportive parenting and low levels of externalizing problems and separation distress, and high social competence. When using stronger tests of mediation, controlling for stability over time, the authors found only partial evidence for mediation. The findings suggest these relations may be set at an early age. 相似文献
937.
938.
Atzinger CL Blough-Pfau R Kretschmer L Huether CA Johnson JA Warren NS 《Journal of genetic counseling》2007,16(2):223-239
Potential advantages and disadvantages of doctoral training in genetic counseling have been debated. In this study, individual
interviews were conducted to characterize the practice and attitudes of genetic counselors who have achieved doctoral degrees
in any field. Participants (N=31) were more likely to spend time in research and less likely to spend time in clinic than genetic counselors in general.
Advantages identified by participants were consistent with theorized advantages, and included increased knowledge, wider research
roles, additional opportunities and greater respect. Disadvantages identified by participants focused more on individual perspectives
than previously theorized profession-wide disadvantages. These included increased time commitment and decreased patient contact.
The attitudes of participants towards the development of doctoral training in genetic counseling were generally positive.
The results suggest that doctoral training in genetic counseling would have more benefits than drawbacks for individuals pursuing
this degree. 相似文献
939.
Warren SF Brady NC 《Mental retardation and developmental disabilities research reviews》2007,13(4):330-338
There is growing evidence that cumulative exposure to highly responsive parenting styles throughout the early childhood period may provide a variety of important child benefits in terms of language, cognitive, social, and emotional development. We view maternal responsivity as a dynamic construct of central importance to the development of children with intellectual disabilities just as it is for typically developing children. In this study, we selectively review the theoretical and conceptual evidence for the effects of responsivity on development, discuss factors known to influence responsivity including the nature of a child's disability, and review intervention approaches intended to enhance maternal responsivity. We conclude with a set of recommendations for future research. 相似文献
940.
Does face recognition involve face-specific cognitive and neural processes ('domain specificity') or do faces only seem special because people have had more experience of individuating them than they have of individuating members of other homogeneous object categories ('the expertise hypothesis')? Here, we summarize new data that test these hypotheses by assessing whether classic face-selective effects - holistic processing, recognition impairments in prosopagnosia and fusiform face area activation - remain face selective in comparison with objects of expertise. We argue that evidence strongly supports domain specificity rather than the expertise hypothesis. We conclude that the crucial social function of face recognition does not reflect merely a general practice phenomenon and that it might be supported by evolved mechanisms (visual or nonvisual) and/or a sensitive period in infancy. 相似文献