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421.
Pecking and initial drinking responses in young domestic fowl 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
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Recall is inversely related to the number of items sharing a cue. The limiting case of unique cue-target relationships supports extremely high levels of recall, particularly when the cue is self-generated. This fact is incongruous with the importance assigned to the construct of organization in memory theory. Further, self-generated unique cue-target relationships tend to be idiosyncratic, implying that the power of unique cues should be limited to cases of self-cued memory. The experiments presented here suggest a role for organization that reconciles the fact of unique cue effectiveness with the importance of organization to memory. Two new findings are reported: Unique cue production enhances target encoding; and general cues can access particular encodings. The data are further tribute to the importance of simultaneous organizational and distinctive processing and recommend a new perspective on the function of organization in memory. 相似文献
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Cynthia N. DuBose Herbert L. Meiselman Deborah A. Hunt Day Waterman 《Attention, perception & psychophysics》1977,21(2):183-186
Two concentrations each of sodium chloride and sucrose solutions were used as stimuli in a study examining taste adaptation. Twenty subjects were presented a 3-min continuous flow of each taste stimulus over the anterior dorsal tongue surface, and periodically gave magnitude estimates of its intensity. The degree of adaptation was greater for the less concentrated solutions than for the more concentrated ones, but the majority of subjects did not adapt completely to any of the stimuli. This result, which is consistent with other reports from this laboratory, is discussed in terms of individual differences among subjects and in relation to recent taste research based on completely adapted subjects. 相似文献
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Karl P. Hunt 《Behavior research methods》1979,11(2):229-233
Structured programming (SP) is a technique devised to improve the reliability and clarity of programs. In SP, control of program flow is restricted to three structures, sequence, IF THEN ELSE, and DO WHILE, or to a structure derivable from a combination of the basic three. Thus, a structured program does not need to use GO TOs or branches (unless it is written in a language that does not have statement forms corresponding to the SP structures, in which case, GO TOs may be used to simulate the structures). The result is a program built of modules that are highly independent of each other. In turn, this allows a programmer to be more confident that the code contains fewer logic errors and will be easier to debug and change in the future. However, SP may be less efficient than an unstructured counterpart. Another disadvantage is the relative difficulty of using SP with a language that doesn’t support it, although this situation is changing as languages are updated (e.g., FORTRAN 77). 相似文献
427.
Alasdair D. F. Clarke Courtney Barr Amelia R. Hunt 《Attention, perception & psychophysics》2016,78(8):2357-2362
Striking results recently demonstrated that visualizing search for a target can facilitate visual search for that target on subsequent trials (Reinhart et al. 2015). This visualization benefit was even greater than the benefit of actually repeating search for the target. We registered a close replication and generalization of the original experiment. Our results show clear benefits of repeatedly searching for the same target, but we found no benefit associated with visualization. The difficulty of the search task and the ability to monitor compliance with instructions to visualize are both possible explanations for the failure to replicate, and both should be carefully considered in future research exploring this interesting phenomenon. 相似文献
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为探明汉语儿童语言和心理理论的发展, 追踪二者的动态关系及相互作用的方向, 本研究以80名4、5岁儿童为研究对象, 纵向探查了前后相隔6个月的儿童的一般语言能力和心理理论的发展状况, 并运用交叉-滞后组相关分析初步探查了二者是否存在因果关系及可能的作用方向。结果表明:4~5岁是汉语儿童心理理论发展的重要时期, 语言在这一阶段也得到快速发展。交叉-滞后组相关分析发现了4岁儿童语言和心理理论因果关系的证据, 但随着年龄的增长, 语言对心理理论的前提基础作用有所减弱, 5岁儿童没有表现出这种因果关系。 相似文献
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