Factors of regular sponsorship of African children: A cross-ethnic study

This study examined psychological well-being influences of personal factors on regular sponsorship of, or donation to, African children living in Africa. Study participants (N = 597) were 338 Koreans (50.3% female, n = 170) and 259 Chinese (56.8% female, n = 147). They responded to measures of psychological well-being, individual social responsibility, social impression management, and subjective norms. Following multiple group analyses applying structural equation modelling, subjective well-being influenced psychological well-being among the Korean donors; whereas social responsibility influenced psychological well-being among the Chinese donors. In both the Korean and Chinese groups, psychological well-being was associated with an increased regular sponsorship of African children. Latent ethno-cultural personal orientations appear to explain psychological well-being with donation activity.     

The Emergence of Student Creativity in Classroom Settings: A Case Study of Elementary Schools in Korea

This research explores the emergence of student creativity in classroom settings, specifically within two content areas: science and social studies. Fourteen classrooms in three elementary schools in Korea were observed, and the teachers and students were interviewed. The three types of student creativity emerging in the teaching and learning process found in this research were: (a) heuristic creativity when the students express their thoughts about a new concept based on their experience, (b) interpretive creativity when the students explain the meaning of materials based on students' knowledge, and (c) integrative creativity when students generate new solutions or make new products based on their internalized knowledge. The study results will challenge teachers to find instances of student creativity in their teaching and learning situations and to facilitate student creativity when the students interpret data or materials related to the contents of the curriculum.     

An individual's work values in career development

This study examined the mediation effect of career decision self‐efficacy in relation to work values and career decision status. The authors surveyed 308 college students about their own intrinsic (e.g., helping others) and extrinsic (e.g., high income) work values and those of significant others, career decision self‐efficacy, and career decision status. The results indicated that the intrinsic and extrinsic work values of significant others were related to the intrinsic and extrinsic work values of the self and that intrinsic work values were more adaptive than extrinsic work values in career development.     

the role of career stress in the relationship between maladaptive perfectionism and career attitude maturity in south korean undergraduates

Given the central role of career stress in college students' lives, this research examined whether career stress mediated the relationship between maladaptive perfectionism and career attitude maturity in a sample of 185 undergraduate students in South Korea. The results indicated that career ambiguity stress, as measured by a career stress inventory, fully mediated the relationship between maladaptive perfectionism and career attitude maturity. That is, maladaptive perfectionism correlated with greater levels of career ambiguity stress, and greater career ambiguity stress correlated with an unconstructive level of career attitude maturity. The authors discuss the findings' implications for career counselors in college settings.     

Role ambiguity as a moderator of occupational self-efficacy and job satisfaction

Role ambiguity was examined as a moderator of occupational self-efficacy and job satisfaction on the basis of the data obtained from 280 employees of U.S. housing finance agencies in four states. The interaction effect was found to be small but significant. The practical implications of role ambiguity at different levels of occupational self-efficacy were discussed. The value of reducing role ambiguity is higher for those who have low self-efficacy. The theoretical implications of the findings support the inclusion of dispositional and situational interactions in research regarding job satisfaction.     

Do central processing and online processing always concur? Analysis of scene order and proportion effects in broadcast news

This study examines the relationship between the central/peripheral processing of the Elaboration Likelihood Model (ELM) and the online/memory‐based processing of impression formation by analyzing the order and proportion effect of scene valence in broadcast news. A 2 (position of positive scenes: beginning and ending) × 3 (proportion of positive scenes: high, medium & low) between design (N = 158) experiment with political campaign broadcast news stories found evidence of central memory‐based processing, which is inconsistent with the common belief that central and online processing always concur. Four typologies of information processing are proposed based on the study's findings: central online processing, peripheral online processing, central memory‐based processing and peripheral memory‐based processing. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Children’s (in)ability to recover from garden paths in a verb-final language: Evidence for developing control in sentence processing

An eye-tracking study explored Korean-speaking adults’ and 4- and 5-year-olds’ ability to recover from misinterpretations of temporarily ambiguous phrases during spoken language comprehension. Eye movement and action data indicated that children, but not adults, had difficulty in recovering from these misinterpretations despite strong disambiguating evidence at the end of the sentence. These findings are notable for their striking similarities with findings from children parsing English; however, in those and other studies of English, children were found to be reluctant to use late-arriving syntactic evidence to override earlier verb-based cues to structure, whereas here Korean children were reluctant to use late-arriving verb-based cues to override earlier syntactic evidence. The findings implicate a general cross-linguistic pattern for parsing development in which late-developing cognitive control abilities mediate the recovery from so-called “garden path” sentences. Children’s limited cognitive control prevents them from inhibiting misinterpretations even when the disambiguating evidence comes from highly informative verb information.     

郭象对"性"的解释及其在中国哲学史上的意义

一、序言:玄学自春秋战国时期开始的中国固有的哲学到郭象(252~312)便告一段落。①这并不是说中国思想终结了,而是说春秋战国时期由老子和孔子等诸子提出的思维方式和哲学思想经过汉代的宇宙发生论,到魏晋时期呈现出向本体论发展的倾向,并最终精炼为中国式的抽象思维。中国哲学经历汉代和魏晋时期,将春秋战国时期分散的多样性简化为在某种程度上统一性的多样性。这种统一性的多样性从学派来看,大致可以理解为儒家式思维和道家式思维的对立。汉初的黄老学是先秦道家的现实转变,而武帝为巩固中央集权的官僚体制而推行的“独尊儒术”,是先秦儒…     

An exploratory study about Koreans’ attitudes towards counselling services

This mixed-method design research is an exploratory study of Korean college students’ perceptions of seeking counselling. The quantitative part of the study is a series of factor analyses of the Attitudes Toward Seeking Professional Psychological Help Scale (ATSPPH) to extract culturally valid items and constructs. The qualitative part of the study is a content analysis of the written responses to an open-ended question. The factor analyses of the ATSPPH resulted in selecting 15 items and extracting three constructs: Conditional Usefulness, Fear of Judgment, and Lack of Necessity. The content analysis of the written responses derived three additional constructs, including Utilities of Counselling, Provider and Environment of Counselling, and Socio-Cultural and Practical Issues. The meaning of the findings, implications, limitations, and strengths of this study were discussed.     

Asymmetric effect of context‐specific color priming on interpretation of ambiguous news articles

In the context of reading a news article as a source to predict the stock price of a company, people's interpretation of the article was biased by the color used as its background. We found that this bias was (a) asymmetric, (b) strengthened with ambiguity, and (c) context specific. First, the color‐priming effect was asymmetric. In Studies 1 and 2, the readers' interpretation was positively biased when the article was presented on a background color that signals up (green in the United States and red in South Korea). The interpretation, however, was not negatively biased when it was presented on a background color that signals down (red in the United States and blue in South Korea). Second, the effect was strengthened with ambiguity. Study 3 showed that the bias was stronger when the article describing the stock price was ambiguous than when it was unambiguous. Third, the effect appeared to be a consequence of the context‐specific experience of an individual. Study 4 showed that the bias was stronger among those who recognized the meaning of a particular color in the context of their stock market.