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71.
72.
Donald S. Shepard PhD Deborah Gurewich PhD Aung K. Lwin MBBS MS Gerald A. Reed PhD MSW Jr Morton M. Silverman MD 《Suicide & life-threatening behavior》2016,46(3):352-362
The national cost of suicides and suicide attempts in the United States in 2013 was $58.4 billion based on reported numbers alone. Lost productivity (termed indirect costs) represents most (97.1%) of this cost. Adjustment for under‐reporting increased the total cost to $93.5 billion or $298 per capita, 2.1–2.8 times that of previous studies. Previous research suggests that improved continuity of care would likely reduce the number of subsequent suicidal attempts following a previous nonfatal attempt. We estimate a highly favorable benefit–cost ratio of 6 to 1 for investments in additional medical, counseling, and linkage services for such patients. 相似文献
73.
Jessica D Payne Lynn Nadel John J B Allen Kevin G F Thomas W Jake Jacobs 《Memory (Hove, England)》2002,10(1):1-6
The fallibility of memory has become an issue of considerable practical and theoretical importance. Here we studied the impact of experimentally induced stress on the ability of human participants to accurately recognise words presented on a list. We found that stress selectively disrupted participants' ability to distinguish words that were presented for study from critical lure words that were semantically related, but not presented for study. This finding indicates that stress, possibly through its impact on the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex, can potentiate false memories. 相似文献
74.
Almut Hupbach Rebecca L. Gomez Richard R. Bootzin Lynn Nadel 《Developmental science》2009,12(6):1007-1012
Sleep has been shown to aid a variety of learning and memory processes in adults ( Stickgold, 2005 ). Recently, we showed that infants’ learning also benefits from subsequent sleep such that infants who nap are able to abstract the general grammatical pattern of a briefly presented artificial language ( Gomez, Bootzin & Nadel, 2006 ). In the present study, we demonstrate, for the first time, long‐term effects of sleep on memory for an artificial language. Fifteen‐month‐old infants who had napped within 4 hours of language exposure remembered the general grammatical pattern of the language 24 hours later. In contrast, infants who had not napped shortly after being familiarized with the language showed no evidence of remembering anything about the language. Our findings support the view that infants’ frequent napping plays an essential role in establishing long‐term memory. 相似文献
75.
Christian Evensen MS in Sociology Thomas Hoban Eric Woodrum 《Knowledge, Technology, and Policy》2000,13(1):43-57
This study uses national survey data to test effects on individuals’ objections to biotechnology applied to plants and animals.
We find that females and individuals who believe in the biblical story of creation have greater intrinsic moral objections
to biotechnology than males and those who do not believe the creation story. We also find that the perception of personal
benefit from biotechnology significantly decreases the likelihood of moral objection to both plant and animal biotechnology,
and that perception of environmental risk from biotechnology significantly increases the likelihood of moral objection to
both types of biotechnology. Policy issues are discussed.
He has studied biotechnology, development, social change, work and industry. He currently works in the Survey Research Division
at Research Triangle Institute in Research Triangle Park, North Carolina.
He engages is applied studies of new technologies and public policies affecting consumers, industry, natural resources and
society.
He has researched moral attitude and religious affects in biotechnology acceptance, environmentalism, and in relation to numerous
controversial social concerns and issues. 相似文献
76.
Tze‐Chun Tang MD PhD Chih‐Hung Ko MD Dr. Ju‐Yu Yen MD Huang‐Chi Lin MD Shu‐Chun Liu MS Chi‐Fen Huang Dr. Cheng‐Fang Yen MD PhD 《Suicide & life-threatening behavior》2009,39(1):91-102
A representative sample of 10,233 adolescent students was recruited to examine the rate of suicidal attempt and its correlates in the adolescents living in southern Taiwan. Five questions from the Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia (Kiddie‐SADS‐E) were used to inquire about the participants' suicidality. The associations between suicidal attempt and multidimensional factors were examined by using logistic regression analysis: 9.1% of the participants reported a suicidal attempt in the preceding year. Female gender, low self‐esteem, weekly alcohol use, illicit drugs use, depression, high family conflict, low maternal education level, poor family function, low connectedness to school, low rank, poor feeling in peer group, and drop out from school were associated with adolescent suicidal attempt. The rate of suicidal attempt was found to be high in Taiwanese adolescents, and multidimensional factors were correlated to adolescent suicidal attempt. 相似文献
77.
Amy K. Conrad PhD Aaron M. Jacoby PhD David A. Jobes PhD Timothy W. Lineberry MD Catherine E. Shea MSN CNS Theresa D. Arnold Ewing RN Phyllis J. Schmid MSN Susan M. Ellenbecker MSN Joy L. Lee BSN Kathryn Fritsche BSN Jennifer A. Grenell BSN Jessica M. Gehin MS BSN Simon Kung MD 《Suicide & life-threatening behavior》2009,39(3):307-320
We investigated the psychometric validity and reliability of the Suicide Status Form‐II (SSF‐II) developed by Jobes, Jacoby, Cimbolic, and Hustead (1997) . Participants were 149 psychiatric inpatients (108 suicidal; 41 nonsuicidal) at the Mayo Clinic. Each participant completed assessment measures within 24 hours of admission and 48–72 hours later. Factor analyses of the SSF core assessment produced a robust two‐factor solution reflecting chronic and acute response styles. The SSF core assessment had good to excellent convergent and criterion validity; pre‐post SSF ratings also demonstrated moderate test‐retest reliability. The results replicated previous research and show that the SSF‐II is psychometrically sound with a high‐risk suicidal inpatient sample. 相似文献
78.
79.
R G Morris J J Hagan L Nadel J Jensen M Baudry G S Lynch 《Behavioral and neural biology》1987,47(3):333-345
Rats were given continuous intraventricular infusion of saline or the thiol-proteinase inhibitor leupeptin, via subcutaneously implanted osmotic minipumps, while being trained on a spatial learning water task using spaced trials. Leupeptin caused overnight forgetting during training, but performance eventually reached asymptote in both groups. A retention test conducted 48 h later to assess spatial memory revealed no significant group differences, but did cause, in saline-treated rats only, a disruption of subsequent retraining back to the correct spatial location. The groups showed no differences in Cl-dependent [3H]glutamate receptor binding to hippocampal or entorhinal cortex membranes subsequent to training. In a second experiment, normal rats trained on the same task also showed no differences in Cl-dependent [3H]glutamate binding relative to rats exposed to the water task but given random spatial position training and handled controls. The results are discussed in relation to the hypothesis of Lynch and Baudry (Science (1984) 224, 1057-1063) that a calcium-dependent thiol proteinase is involved in memory formation through its ability to modify glutamate receptor distribution and dendritic spine shape. 相似文献
80.
Dale E. Bertram MA MEd David Hale MS Carl Van Frusha MA 《Contemporary Family Therapy》1993,15(2):139-147
The study found that a connection exists between rhetoric and therapy because both fields are interested in using language as a tool for generating change. Persuasion is viewed as inherent in human communication, even though people do not necessarily intentionally attempt to persuade others. Following a brief (but detailed) explanation of the theoretical stance which informs the implementation of rhetorical techniques in therapy, three pragmatic exemplars are offered to demonstrate the employment of two classical rhetorical concepts, the parastasis catalogue and syncrisis.The authors are grateful to Sandra Kodner, MS for her participation in the development of this project. 相似文献