寻绎我国医院文化建设的逻辑路径

国家新一轮医疗体制改革,将引起医疗市场格局的新变动.加强文化建设将成为医院寻求竞争优势行之有效的一种战略.分析当前我国医院文化建设中普遍存在的问题,并对其发展脉络和运行机理进行有序的梳理,探索性地提出我国医院文化建设的发展路径:实现人性化与制度化的统一;普遍性与特殊性的统一;继承性与时代性的统一.     

认知灵活性对非熟练双语者语言转换的影响--一项ERPs研究*

采用 WCST 筛选出高低认知灵活性的非熟练汉英双语者,分别使用图片命名和语义范畴判断任务考察认知灵活性对双语者语言转换的影响。结果发现：(1)高认知灵活性被试的双语转换代价是对称的,其N2成分的平均波幅和峰值显著大于低认知灵活性被试,低认知灵活性被试的转换代价是非对称的;(2)高认知灵活性被试在语言产生任务中, L2重复条件下N2的峰值显著大于L1重复条件,出现L2重复优势效应;(3)在语言理解任务中,高低认知灵活性被试在L1重复条件下的N2峰值显著大于L2重复条件,两组均出现了L1重复优势效应。研究表明,抑制控制能力在语言产生与理解的双语转换中起着重要的作用,语言转换代价源于心理词典的字词识别系统之外。     

Factor structure of the Children's Revised Impact of Event Scale among children and adolescents who survived the 2008 Sichuan earthquake in China

To evaluate the psychometric properties of the Chinese version of Children's Revised Impact of Event Scale (CRIES) and its applicability among Chinese children and adolescents, a study was conducted on two samples, the first, 1 month after the 2008 Sichuan earthquake, the second, 7 months after the earthquake. High levels of posttraumatic stress symptoms were found among both groups of children. The results also showed a decline of intrusion and arousal symptoms in accordance with the different periods of time elapsed since the earthquake; however, no difference was found in the avoidance symptoms between the two samples. Both the subscales and the CRIES total showed moderate to good reliability. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) of CRIES supported the presumed three inter-correlated factors model. However, the results of the second sample (with more than 6 months elapsed subsequent to the earthquake) are more likely to support this model than those of the first sample. This study generally justifies the use of CRIES as a screening instrument for probable PTSD victims among children and adolescents exposed to horrible natural disasters in China. Limitations of the present study and directions for future research are also discussed.     

内含子microRNAs:基因敲除技术的新挑战——以现代生命科学中的认识论为视角

内含子microRNA,的发现,不仅为基因组中大量的内含子提供了存在的理由,也有助于人类进一步了解内含子的生物学功能.同时,内含子microRNAs对传统的基因敲除技术提出了新的挑战.分于生物学实践促进了人们对生命现象的认识,对理论认识的深入又促进了科学实践.在现代生物技术发展的历程中,人们见证了鲜活的马克思主义哲学认识论.     

伦理管理"如何可能"之策新探

企业伦理管理"如何可能"问题是伦理管理的技术性或工具性实现难题,尽管美国经验可资借鉴,但我国实践中仍存在许多操作难题,研究也以宏观层面和中观层面的解决之策为主,缺乏可操作性较强的"术"的层面的策略研究成果,因此,有必要对伦理管理"如何可能"之术作进一步探讨.以此为基点,策略可分为伦理管理目标能见度提高策略和伦理管理运行机制的效力提升策略.     

Multi-aspect data analysis for investigating human computation mechanism

In the paper, we present a multi-aspect data analysis approach for investigating human computation mechanism. Multi-aspect analysis in multiple human brain data sources is an important methodology in Brain Informatics, which emphasizes on a systematic way for investigating human information processing mechanisms, including measuring, collecting, modeling, transforming, managing, and mining multiple human brain data obtained from various cognitive experiments by using powerful equipments, such as fMRI and EEG. After giving an outline of Brain Informatics methodology, we describe how to design cognitive experiments of mental arithmetic task with multiple difficulty levels for obtaining multiple EEG and fMRI data sources, and how to analyze such data for investigating the spatiotemporal characteristics and flow of human computation processing. Such an investigation can be regarded as a case study using Brain Informatics methodology. Experimental results show the usefulness of our approach.     

Brain activation detection by neighborhood one-class SVM

Brain activation detection is an important problem in fMRI data analysis. In this paper, we propose a data-driven activation detection method called neighborhood one-class SVM (NOC-SVM). Based on the probability distribution assumption of the one-class SVM algorithm and the neighborhood consistency hypothesis, NOC-SVM identifies a voxel as either an activated or non-activated voxel by a weighted distance between its near neighbors and a hyperplane in a high-dimensional kernel space. The proposed NOC-SVM are evaluated by using both synthetic and real datasets. On two synthetic datasets with different SNRs, NOC-SVM performs better than K-means and fuzzy K-means clustering and is comparable to POM. On a real fMRI dataset, NOC-SVM can discover activated regions similar to K-means and fuzzy K-means. These results show that the proposed algorithm is an effective activation detection method for fMRI data analysis. Furthermore, it is stabler than K-means and fuzzy K-means clustering.     

外显、内隐记忆中不同认知方式个体的社会定向

以中文双字词为实验材料,分别从两个层面探讨场依存个体与场独立个体对社会词或非社会词的记忆有无偏向。实验一采用双任务,分散注意学习条件,实验二引入加工分离程序(PDP)。研究结果表明:(1)在双任务分散注意学习条件下,场依存个体对非目标社会词存在记忆偏向。(2)在内隐记忆成绩上,场依存个体对社会词存在记忆偏向,场独立个体对非社会词存在记忆偏向。     

原发性醛固酮增多症的临床实践与分析

探讨原发性醛固酮增多症(原醛)临床特点及诊治方面的经验,以早期诊断、根治,改善预后。对确诊的原醛53例临床资料(临床特征、实验室检查、影像学检查、病理类型、治疗情况)进行回顾性研究。男女比为1：1.65,30～49岁年龄段最多。50.9%高血压首发,15.1%低钾血症首发,并发高心痛9.4%,尿毒症1.9%,脑卒中13.2%。肾素-血管紧张素-醛固酮(RAA)系统激素检查,血浆醛固酮/血浆肾素活性比值(ARR)＞200者80.7%,ARR＞400者占半数,血浆醛固酮(PAC)＞140pg/ml者占84.6%。CT及MRI阳性率高。术后病理肾上腺皮质腺瘤占85%,结节性增生占15%(其中原发性肾上腺增生占12.5%)。手术后血压及血钾均较前改善,非手术者口服安体舒通有效。原醛是可治性内分泌性高血压之一,建议高血压和/或低血钾者应常规检查RAA系统激素,并争取行影像学检查,以使原醛得到早期诊治,改善预后。     

国外心理咨询师职业耗竭研究现状

职业耗竭是学术界关注的一个新热点,国外心理咨询师的职业耗竭问题也得到了比较系统的研究.通过回顾国外相关研究,从心理咨询师职业耗竭的发生率、影响因素、症状特点、职业易感性等几个方面进行总结,尝试提出干预意见,并对未来研究趋势进行展望.