From Glossy to Greasy: The Impact of Learned Associations on Perceptions of Food Healthfulness

We demonstrate that consumers have learned that unhealthy snacks such as potato chips tend to be sold in glossy packages, whereas healthier snacks such as crackers tend to be sold in matte packages (in studies 1–3). As a result, consumers who see a snack food package with a glossy [matte] surface will infer lesser [greater] healthfulness of its contents (study 4), consume less [more] of it (study 5), and be more likely to choose a glossy [matte] package from an assortment of snack packages if motivated to engage in tasty [healthful] eating (study 6). Theoretical and managerial implications as well as future research opportunities are discussed.     

父母教养方式对高三学生学业成就的影响: 心理资本的中介作用

为探讨父母教养方式对高三学生学业成就的影响,测量了800名高三学生的父母教养方式、心理资本、 学业成就状况.结果发现:(1)父母情感温暖与心理资本各维度、 学业成就呈显著正相关;父母否认拒绝与心理资本各维度、 学业成就呈显著负相关;父母亲过度保护和心理资本各维度、学业成就呈显著负相关;(2)心理资本各维度(除韧性外)和...     

伦理管理"如何可能"之策新探

企业伦理管理"如何可能"问题是伦理管理的技术性或工具性实现难题,尽管美国经验可资借鉴,但我国实践中仍存在许多操作难题,研究也以宏观层面和中观层面的解决之策为主,缺乏可操作性较强的"术"的层面的策略研究成果,因此,有必要对伦理管理"如何可能"之术作进一步探讨.以此为基点,策略可分为伦理管理目标能见度提高策略和伦理管理运行机制的效力提升策略.     

Brain activation detection by neighborhood one-class SVM

Brain activation detection is an important problem in fMRI data analysis. In this paper, we propose a data-driven activation detection method called neighborhood one-class SVM (NOC-SVM). Based on the probability distribution assumption of the one-class SVM algorithm and the neighborhood consistency hypothesis, NOC-SVM identifies a voxel as either an activated or non-activated voxel by a weighted distance between its near neighbors and a hyperplane in a high-dimensional kernel space. The proposed NOC-SVM are evaluated by using both synthetic and real datasets. On two synthetic datasets with different SNRs, NOC-SVM performs better than K-means and fuzzy K-means clustering and is comparable to POM. On a real fMRI dataset, NOC-SVM can discover activated regions similar to K-means and fuzzy K-means. These results show that the proposed algorithm is an effective activation detection method for fMRI data analysis. Furthermore, it is stabler than K-means and fuzzy K-means clustering.     

Multi-aspect data analysis for investigating human computation mechanism

In the paper, we present a multi-aspect data analysis approach for investigating human computation mechanism. Multi-aspect analysis in multiple human brain data sources is an important methodology in Brain Informatics, which emphasizes on a systematic way for investigating human information processing mechanisms, including measuring, collecting, modeling, transforming, managing, and mining multiple human brain data obtained from various cognitive experiments by using powerful equipments, such as fMRI and EEG. After giving an outline of Brain Informatics methodology, we describe how to design cognitive experiments of mental arithmetic task with multiple difficulty levels for obtaining multiple EEG and fMRI data sources, and how to analyze such data for investigating the spatiotemporal characteristics and flow of human computation processing. Such an investigation can be regarded as a case study using Brain Informatics methodology. Experimental results show the usefulness of our approach.     

荐福弘辩的洪州禅思想

京兆荐福弘辩师承章敬怀晖禅,是洪州宗第二代京禅的代表人物。他与唐宣宗的问答录集中反映了他的洪州禅思想及其特点。他对禅宗的佛心论进行了新的阐释,提出智慧觉照为佛心,心者佛之别号,皇帝日应万机亦是佛心。主张顿悟需假渐修,如人吃饭,不一口便饱。认为外教诸宗持经、念佛、持咒都是如来最上一乘,禅宗祖师契会心印,亦是佛之一化,实无一法与人。弘辩受长安政治文化的影响,既继承了洪州禅的思想,也发展了洪州宗京禅的思想特点和风格。弘辩在会昌法难之后,诏对称旨,既提高了自己的地位,也为洪州宗在京城乃至禅宗在全国的复兴做出了重要贡献,他的禅学思想更影响到后世。     

原发性醛固酮增多症的临床实践与分析

探讨原发性醛固酮增多症(原醛)临床特点及诊治方面的经验,以早期诊断、根治,改善预后。对确诊的原醛53例临床资料(临床特征、实验室检查、影像学检查、病理类型、治疗情况)进行回顾性研究。男女比为1：1.65,30～49岁年龄段最多。50.9%高血压首发,15.1%低钾血症首发,并发高心痛9.4%,尿毒症1.9%,脑卒中13.2%。肾素-血管紧张素-醛固酮(RAA)系统激素检查,血浆醛固酮/血浆肾素活性比值(ARR)＞200者80.7%,ARR＞400者占半数,血浆醛固酮(PAC)＞140pg/ml者占84.6%。CT及MRI阳性率高。术后病理肾上腺皮质腺瘤占85%,结节性增生占15%(其中原发性肾上腺增生占12.5%)。手术后血压及血钾均较前改善,非手术者口服安体舒通有效。原醛是可治性内分泌性高血压之一,建议高血压和/或低血钾者应常规检查RAA系统激素,并争取行影像学检查,以使原醛得到早期诊治,改善预后。     

国外心理咨询师职业耗竭研究现状

职业耗竭是学术界关注的一个新热点,国外心理咨询师的职业耗竭问题也得到了比较系统的研究.通过回顾国外相关研究,从心理咨询师职业耗竭的发生率、影响因素、症状特点、职业易感性等几个方面进行总结,尝试提出干预意见,并对未来研究趋势进行展望.     

贫困地区艾滋病社会救助机制构建的对策探讨 --对安徽阜阳地区艾滋病的调研

在调查阜阳地区艾滋病家庭的生存危机和社会救助现状之后,着重分析了目前阜阳地区艾滋病社会救助存在的问题,并从我国艾滋病社会救助整体角度出发,对今后完善艾滋病社会救助机制提出了建议.