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941.
Fiona N. Newell Patrick Chiroro Tim Valentine 《The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A: Human Experimental Psychology》1999,52(2):509-534
Three experiments are reported in which the effects of viewpoint on the recognition of distinctive and typical faces were explored. Specifically, we investigated whether generalization across views would be better for distinctive faces than for typical faces. In Experiment 1 the time to match different views of the same typical faces and the same distinctive faces was dependent on the difference between the views shown. In contrast, the accuracy and latency of correct responses on trials in which two different faces were presented were independent of viewpoint if the faces were distinctive but were view-dependent if the faces were typical. In Experiment 2 we tested participants'recognition memory for unfamiliar faces that had been studied at a single three-quarter view. Participants were presented with all face views during test. Finally, in Experiment 3, participants were tested on their recognition of unfamiliar faces that had been studied at all views. In both Experiments 2 and 3 we found an effect of distinctiveness and viewpoint but no interaction between these factors. The results are discussed in terms of a model of face representation based on inter-item similarity in which the representations are view specific. 相似文献
942.
J E Epping-Jordan B E Compas D M Osowiecki G Oppedisano C Gerhardt K Primo D N Krag 《Health psychology》1999,18(4):315-326
The process of psychological adjustment to breast cancer was examined at diagnosis and at 3- and 6-month follow-ups in a sample of 80 women with Stage I-Stage IV breast cancer. At diagnosis, symptoms of anxiety/depression were predicted by low dispositional optimism, and this path was partially mediated by use of emotion-focused disengagement coping. Younger age also was predictive of anxiety/depression symptoms at time of diagnosis, and this relationship was fully mediated by magnitude of intrusive thoughts. At 3 months, changes in anxiety/depression symptoms were predicted only by intrusive thoughts. At 6 months, low dispositional optimism reemerged as a significant predictor of changes in anxiety/depression and again was partially mediated by the use of emotion-focused disengagement coping. Independent effects for problem-focused engagement and disengagement and emotion-focused engagement coping were also found at 6 months. Implications of these data for psychosocial interventions with breast cancer patients are highlighted. 相似文献
943.
Neuropsychology Review - 相似文献
944.
945.
Odegard TN Koen JD Gama JM 《Journal of experimental psychology. Learning, memory, and cognition》2008,34(5):1296-1304
A surge of research has been conducted to examine memory editing mechanisms that help distinguish accurate from inaccurate memories. In the present experiment, the authors examined the ability of participants to use novelty detection, recollection rejection, and plausibility judgments to reject lures presented on a recognition memory test. Participants studied a list of word pairs that were arranged in a category relationship (both words from the same category) or an unrelated relationship (both words from different categories) under full or divided attention. At test, participants were given a yes/no recognition test in which they were to respond after seeing the test items for 400 ms or 2,800 ms. Some of the test items were rearranged word pairs that were consistent with the study relationship, whereas others were inconsistent with the study relationship. The results demonstrate that the participants required full attention at study to use novelty detection, recollection rejection, and plausibility judgments to reject lures. Moreover, the results indicate that a long response deadline at test was needed for participants to use both recollection rejection and plausibility judgments to reject lures. 相似文献
946.
MARCELO N. VINAR 《The International journal of psycho-analysis》2005,86(2):311-333
The author attempts to situate the specifi city of torture‐understood as the product of political violence and of totalitarian states‐within the historical framework of the concept of trauma in psychoanalysis. When the mind and social ties are simultaneously affected, the intrapsychic and transpersonal aspects of the suffered damage intertwine in a complex and unique web. The author aims to dismantle the notion of victim, considering it both stigmatizing and inaccurate. The goal is not just to identify the after‐effects and the disabilities suffered by those affected by torture, but also to integrate their experiences and their narratives into a life project. Rather than individual psychopathology, this essay refl ects upon those phenomena of suggestion and hypnosis that are at work in human groups under ordinary conditions and that are exacerbated under social crises, following the Freudian axis developed in Group psychology and the analysis of the ego. 相似文献
947.
Ike E. Onyishi Fabian O. Ugwu Charity N. Onyishi Felicia O. Okwueze 《Journal of Psychology in Africa》2018,28(4):267-272
The study investigated the moderating role of occupational self-efficacy and job social support on the relationship between job demands and psychological well-being among mid-career academics. Participants were 203 academics at three public Nigerian universities (female = 37.93%; mean years of service = 8.58 years, SD = 2.20). The academics completed measures of job demands, occupational self-efficacy, job social support, and psychological well-being. Moderated regression analysis of the data suggested only occupational self-efficacy to moderate the relationship between work demands and psychological well-being. Findings underpin the buffering effects of work self-efficacy in employee psychological well-being with high job demands. 相似文献
948.
Antonucci M Lancioni GE O'Reilly MF Singh NN Sigafoos J Oliva D 《Perceptual and motor skills》2006,103(1):83-88
This study evaluated the extent to which two microswitches used as interfaces would enable a man with multiple disabilities and limited motor behavior to operate an electric door opener at the entrance of the day center that he attended. Analysis showed the man (a) learned to use the two microswitches, (b) preferred the microswitch placed at his wheelchair's footrest (which also allowed more effective responding) over the microswitch placed at his wheelchair's armrest, and (c) maintained his positive performance at the 1- and 2-mo. postintervention checks. The results were discussed from a technical and practical standpoint and in terms of implications for the quality of life of persons with disabilities. 相似文献
949.
McDonald R Dodson MC Rosenfield D Jouriles EN 《Journal of abnormal child psychology》2011,39(7):1013-1023
This study examined whether Project Support, a parenting intervention shown to reduce child conduct problems, also exerts
positive effects on features of psychopathy in children. Participants were 66 families (mothers and children) recruited from
domestic violence shelters who participated in a randomized controlled trial evaluating Project Support. Each family included
at least one child between the ages of 4 and 9 who was exhibiting clinical levels of conduct problems. Families were randomly
assigned to the Project Support intervention condition or to an existing services comparison condition, and they were assessed
on 6 occasions over 20 months, following their departure from the shelter. Children in families in the Project Support condition,
compared with those in the comparison condition, exhibited greater reductions in features of psychopathy. Moreover, the changes
in features of psychopathy remained after accounting for changes in conduct problems. Project Support’s effects on features
of psychopathy were mediated by improvements in mothers’ harsh and inconsistent parenting. These findings on the effects of
an intervention on features of psychopathy are the first from a randomized controlled trial. They inform the debate about
whether features of psychopathy in children are responsive to intervention, and hold important implications for clinical practice. 相似文献
950.