In situ simultaneous measurements of photodarkening and photoinduced defect creation in amorphous As2Se3 films

To understand the direct correlation between photodarkening (PD) and photoinduced defect creation (PDC) observed in amorphous chalcogenides, in situ simultaneous measurements of PD and photocurrent (PC) have been performed on amorphous As₂Se₃ films. The time evolution of PD and PDC during light excitations are empirically described by a stretched exponential function; 1 ??exp[?(t/τ) ^β ], where τ is the effective response time and β the dispersion parameter. The value of τ for the PDC is very much smaller than that for the PD, suggesting that there is no direct correlation between the two.     

Secondary defects induced by ion and electron irradiation of GaSb

Secondary defects induced by ion and electron irradiation up to 6?dpa (displacements per atom) at liquid-nitrogen temperature in GaSb thin films are compared. For Sn ion (60?keV) irradiation, voids were observed. However, for high-energy electron (2?MeV) irradiation, interstitial-type dislocation loops were produced. The densities of voids and interstitial-type dislocation loops were almost equivalent (8?×?10¹⁴?voids/m² and 3?×?10¹⁴?loops/m²) after irradiations at the same damage level of 6?dpa. It is concluded that the formation of voids by ion irradiation follows the creation of localised vacancy defects in cascade damage.     

Motion illusion reveals fixation stability of karate athletes

To investigate the effect of smooth pursuit effort against optokinetic nystagmus (OKN) on the magnitude of induced motion, we measured the magnitude of induced motion and eye movements of karate athletes and novices. In Experiment 1, participants were required to pursue a horizontally moving fixation stimulus against a vertically moving inducing stimulus and to point at the most distorted position of the perceived pathway of the fixation stimulus. In Experiments 2 and 3, participants were presented with the inducing stimulus with or without a static fixation stimulus. Experiments 1 and 2 showed a larger magnitude of induced motion and more stable fixation for the athletes than for the novices. Experiment 3 showed no difference in eye movements between the two groups. These results suggest that the magnitude of induced motion reflects fixation stability that may have been strengthened in karate athletes through their experience and training.     

异体造血干细胞移植问题、发展与思考

异体造血干细胞移植(Allo-HSCT)已成为治疗恶性血液病及其他各种疾病的有效方法之一。在Allo-HSCT中由于供体和受体免疫屏障的存在。从而一开始就是一个供受体矛盾的对立统一的过程。对其中矛盾的研究和解决充满了辩证唯物的哲学思想。也促使Allo-HSCT技术不断发展。新的方法和理念不断出现。使Allo-HSCT治疗白血病的疗效不断提高。     

Addressing the Mental Health Concerns of International Students

International students on the American college campus are a diverse and increasing population whose unique concerns are traditionally overlooked. However, given the evidence that the demands for cultural adjustments frequently place international students at greater risk for various psychological problems than are students in general, it is important that sufficient and readily accessible mental health services be established for them. This article examines the sources of international students' psychological concerns, the reasons for their notable underutilization of existing counseling services, and the ways to provide more culturally sensitive services.     

退步原来是向前

从契此的“手把青苗插满田,低头便见水中天,六根清净方为道,退步原来是向前”偈中,反映了退让并不是完全的消极,有时反而是一种积极的进取,从而揭示出丰富的人生哲理。     

苏辙“示疾而病”的禅学思想

＂多病则与学道者宜,多难则与学禅者宜＂,苏辙却因有＂喜汝因病悟,或免终身著＂的示疾而病的禅学思想。＂示疾而病＂的苏辙以维摩自喻,在深层意义上,是他借维摩诘而表现其忧以天下、以乐天下的人格理想。     

Eyewitness memory following discussion: using the MORI technique with a Western sample

Researchers studying memory conformity have made significant advances in our understanding of the phenomenon, but have used methods with significant shortcomings. Mori's three‐stage method addresses many of these concerns. To date the technique has not been replicated on a Western sample. We present such a study, and discuss two significant improvements to Mori's method. We found that subjects were more likely to report the correct answer for non‐discussed critical details than discussed critical details. Our data also suggested that when subjects agreed with their partner's information during the discussion, they did so because they thought that information was accurate; only a minority of the time did they go along with their partner during discussion and revert to their own answer at the test. We draw parallels between the unknown mechanisms driving memory conformity effects and the search for mechanisms driving the misinformation effect two decades ago. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

试论卫生与法律的关系

卫生是人类重要的社会实践活动。卫生也是保护人体健康的重要社会事业,需要法律的保护和导向。卫生法为卫生发展提供了良好的社会环境,并控制医药卫生无序、失控及异化带来的社会危害性,造福人类,促进经济发展和社会进步。