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141.
142.
Samuel B. Pond III Rupert W. Nacoste Monique F. Mohr Christopher M. Rodriguez 《Journal of applied social psychology》1997,27(17):1527-1544
Organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) is assessed by measuring how frequently employees display extra-role and discretionary behaviors. One hundred forty-four managerial employees responded to an OCB scale and indicated the number of behaviors on the scale they believed to be formally evaluated. None of the behaviors were believed to be unevaluated by all employees. Data suggest that a typical OCB scale is not measuring citizenship behaviors for everybody, and that OCB measurement needs refinement. Best prediction of other organizational variables was obtained when both the OCB and an index of "unevaluated" behaviors were used as predictors. Supervisor fairness interacted with OCB when predicting organizational commitment, and this interaction was contingent on the extent OCBs were believed to be unevaluated. 相似文献
143.
The Potential Mediating Role of Parenting Practices in the Development of Conduct Problems in a Clinic-Referred Sample 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Monique G. McCoy Paul J. Frick Bryan R. Loney Mesha L. Ellis 《Journal of child and family studies》1999,8(4):477-494
Research has consistently found associations among parenting practices, socioeconomic disadvantage, ethnicity and conduct problems in children. We investigated whether parenting practices might mediate the relation between ethnicity and conduct problems and the relation between socioeconomic status (SES) and conduct problems. The subjects were 141 clinic-referred children between the ages of 6 and 17 and their primary custodial parents. Using multiple indicators for each construct, except ethnicity, the mediational role of parenting was tested using structural equation modeling. The results indicated that the effects of SES on conduct problems was largely mediated by the influence of ineffective parenting practices. In contrast, ethnicity was not associated with conduct problems in this clinic-referred sample, even prior to controlling for SES and parenting practices, suggesting that the link between minority status and conduct problems may be dependent on the demographic characteristics of the sample. Exploratory analyses also revealed that there were ethnic differences in the types of parenting practices that were most strongly associated with conduct problems. 相似文献
144.
This paper examines the specificity of intrafamilial experiences to which twins are exposed during early childhood, and the impact of this family context on the psychological development of twins. An overview of the literature on the psychological development of twins indicates two broad categories of findings. The first category covers studies dealing with the developmental features that appear early in twins. Although there are numerous studies comparing the psychomotor and verbal development of twins to singletons, only a few have dealt with the emergence of personality and identity, and most have been conducted in clinical settings. The second set of studies deals with mother-twin relations, explored in recent years in terms of the psychosocial stress created by twin births. Few studies have examined the mother-twin relationship in the light of major theories on mother-child bonding (psychoanalysis, attachment, interactionist model). These developmental models have mainly focused on mother-infant dyads, while the construction of this specific mother-twin relationship needs to be set within the framework of a triadic situation. Rather than describing a specific ‘twin mentality’, it is argued here that the twin situation should be seen as a special case of adaptative development, both for the mother and the child, which has effects on the formation of the individual. 相似文献
145.
Despite the often encountered affirmation that vision completely dominates other modalities in intersensory conflict, there are cases where discordant auditorv information affects the localization of a visual signal. Experiment I shows that “auditory capture” occurs with a visual input reduced to a single luminous point in complete darkness, but not with a textured background. The task was to point at a flashing luminous point alternately in the presence of a synchronous sound coming from a source situated 15° to one side (“conflict trials,” designed to measure immediate reaction to conflict) and in its absence (“test trials,” to measure aftereffects). Adaptive immédiate reactions and aftereffects were observed in the dark, but not with a textured background. In Experiment II, on the other hand, “visual capture” of auditory localization was observed at the levels of both measures in the dark and with the textured background. That visual texture affects the degree of auditory capture of vision, but not the degree of visual capture of audition was confirmed at the level of aftereffects in Experiment III, where bisensory monitoring was substituted for pointing during exposure to conflict. The empirical finding eliminates apparent contradictions in the literature on ventriloquism, but cannot itself be explained in terms either of relative accuracy of visual and auditory localization or attentional adjustments. 相似文献
146.
Monique Boekaerts 《Psychologie appliquee》1992,41(4):377-397
147.
The topological nature of the child's early spatial representations. Piaget's hypotheses revisited. — Three experiments bearing on Piaget's hypotheses on the topological nature of the child's early concepts of space are reported. The results of the first experiment, replicating Piaget's stereognostic technique on a larger scale, were shown to confirm the earliness of topological discriminations, but it was found also that some simple Euclidian discriminations (curvilinear vs rectilinear, indented vs non-indented forms) were not more difficult. The second experiment has shown that the child relied rather on topological than on simple Euclidian attributes when both types of attributes were presented in a conflictual situation; otherwise, the simple Euclidian discriminations were easier. In a third experiment, using a drawing technique along with visual exploration, topological discriminations proved easier than Euclidian discriminations in one instance only (open-closed vs curvilinear-rectilinear forms). It is suggested in conclusion that the child's early discriminations are not based on topology as such, but on certain geometrical properties which are fundamental to topology itself. 相似文献
148.
Miedema Stephanie Spaid Hennink Monique Naved Ruchira Tabassum Talukder Aloka Dore Emily C. Yount Kathryn M. 《Sex roles》2021,85(7-8):373-390
Sex Roles - Economic coercion is a form of intimate partner violence (IPV) that is distinct from but often co-occurs with physical, psychological, and sexual IPV. Women’s experiences of... 相似文献
149.
Ingrid Hoonhorst Cécile Colin Emily Markessis Monique Radeau Paul Deltenre Willy Serniclaes 《Journal of experimental child psychology》2009,104(4):353-366
By examining voice onset time (VOT) discrimination in 4- and 8-month-olds raised in a French-speaking environment, the current study addresses the question of the role played by linguistic experience in the reshaping of the initial perceptual abilities. Results showed that the language-general −30- and +30-ms VOT boundaries are better discriminated than the 0-ms boundary in 4-month-olds, whereas 8-month-olds better discriminate the 0-ms boundary. These data support explanations of speech development stressing the effects of both language-general boundaries and linguistic environment (attunement theory and coupling theory). Results also suggest that the acquisition of the adult voicing boundary (at 0 ms VOT in French vs. +30 ms VOT in English) is faster and more linear in French than in English. This latter aspect of the results might be related to differences in the consistency of VOT distributions of voiced and voiceless stops between languages. 相似文献
150.
Interference effects are largely reduced after cognitive conflicts in previous trials. This sequence-dependent interference
adaptation is often seen as a consequence of strategic executive control. We sought to investigate whether sequential modulations
are comparable with cue-induced strategic adjustments in spatial interference tasks. If so, reliable cues indicating the next
compatibility condition should override effects caused by prior events. To this end, cues were introduced in a spatial stimulus-response
compatibility task and a Simon task that either indicated the upcoming trial compatibility (rule cues) or the target position,
which was not related to the S-R rule (position cues). The proportion of valid cues was either completely or predominantly
valid. In both tasks cueing benefits for absolutely reliable rule cues were clearly present. Remarkably, sequential modulations
were not influenced by effective rule cueing and vice versa. Even absolutely reliable information about prospective control
demands did not cancel out sequence-dependent interference adaptation. In addition, the contingent negative variation—an event-related
brain potential in the cue-target interval that is related to response preparation and readiness—showed additive effects of
preceding compatibility and cue reliability. The present results indicate that processes underlying sequence-dependent interference
adaptation differ from cue-induced strategic processes of cognitive control. 相似文献