苏州市劳动密集型企业民工的心理融入调查

民工的心理融入直接关系到城市经济发展和"城市和谐社会"的构建.本研究对苏州市高新技术产业开发区6家劳动密集型企业的20名外来民工进行了深度访谈,探讨了他们融入城市文化的心理状况.结果显示,苏州市劳动密集型企业民工有一定程度的心理融入,但是融入的范围狭小,层次较浅,且融入具有多面性.     

中国IT业从业人员非技能胜任素质测评系统的研发报告

具备专业知识的专业人员,在不同岗位上工作,有人成功,有人未获成功？非技能胜任素质应当是不可忽视的因素。本项研究以心理学研究和人才测评相结合的方法,对IT业从业人员的非技能胜任素质做了深入的研究,构建了IT业四类关键岗位——管理类、销售类、技术支持类、研发类的非技能胜任素质模型,并探索各胜任素质特征与工作绩效的关系,为IT业内各类岗位人才选拔、评价和培养提供了科学的依据以及人职匹配的操作模型。     

序列反应时任务中内隐和外显学习表征方式的实验研究

采用改进的序列反应时任务,探讨内隐和外显学习的知识表征方式,发现内隐组和外显组被试都习得了一定的序列规则.内隐组对标准字母的反应显著快于知觉偏差,而后者则又显著快于对动觉偏差字母的反应;外显组对标准字母的反应显著快于知觉偏差和动觉偏差,而后两者之间则没有区别.以上结果表明外显和内隐学习中知觉表征和动觉表征都起作用,不过在内隐学习中动觉表征起的作用更大.     

科学思维的心理学探索

科学思维的心理学研究起源于发展心理学的研究传统,在最近三十年不断拓展.本文首先回顾了在科学思维研究的发展过程中,其研究框架和模型的变化;进而阐述了近来科学思维研究所使用的典型实验范式;最后从发展、个体差异、专家新手比较以及教学干预这四个角度综述了近来一些科学思维的心理学研究成果,并探讨了这一领域未来的研究方向.     

Purple sweet potato color repairs d-galactose-induced spatial learning and memory impairment by regulating the expression of synaptic proteins

Purple sweet potato color (PSPC), a class of naturally occurring anthocyanins used to color food (E163), has been reported to possess a variety of biological activities, including anti-oxidant, anti-tumor, and anti-inflammatory. The effect of PSPC on the spatial learning and memory of mice treated with d-galactose (d-gal) was evaluated by the Morris water maze; d-gal-treated mice had decreased performance compared with mice in the vehicle and PSPC groups, while the PSPC + d-gal group showed significantly shortened escape latency to platform, increased swimming speed, more target quadrant search time and more platform crossings as compared with the d-gal group. Brain functions, such as memory formation and recovery of function after injury, depend on proper regulation of the expression levels of the pre- and post-synaptic proteins. We investigated the expression of four pre-synaptic proteins (growth-associated protein-43, synapsin-I, synaptophysin, and synaptotagmin) and two post-synaptic proteins (post-synaptic density protein-95 and Ca²⁺/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II) in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex, respectively, in response to different treatments. Western blotting analysis showed that there were significant decreases in the expression of these representative synaptic proteins in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex of d-gal-treated mice. Interestingly, these decreased expression levels of synaptic proteins could be reversed by PSPC. The levels of expression of these representative synaptic proteins in mice treated with PSPC alone were not significantly different from those in untreated mice. The results of this study suggested that memory impairment and synaptic protein loss in d-gal-treated mice may be improved by treatment with PSPC.     

Treadmill exercise enhances passive avoidance learning in rats: the role of down-regulated serotonin system in the limbic system

While serotonin (5-HT) may impair learning and memory, exercise has been reported to improve them. Whether chronic exercise can facilitate fear memory via regulating the serotonin system is unknown. We examined the effects of 4-week treadmill exercise training on levels of 5-HT and its metabolite 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA), the protein expression of its receptor 5-HT_1A and transporter in the amygdala, hippocampus and prefrontal cortex of male Sprague–Dawley rats. Our results demonstrated that treadmill exercise (1) improved the passive avoidance learning performance; (2) decreased the 5-HT level in the hippocampus; (3) decreased the expression of 5-HT_1A receptor in the amygdala without altering the transporter expression. Moreover, pretreatment with 0.1 mg/kg 8-hydroxy-di-n-propylamino tetralin, a selective 5-HT_1A receptor agonist, impaired the passive avoidance performance and completely abolished the exercise-enhanced fear memory. Our results suggest that down-regulation of the 5-HT system in the limbic system, i.e., the reduction of the hippocampus 5-HT content and the amygdala 5-HT_1A receptor expression, may be involved in the exercise-enhanced fear memory.     

十七大精神与社会正义

十七大报告中八个地方专门提到公平正义的用语,并且明确指出,实现社会公平正义是中国共产党人的一贯主张,是发展中国特色社会主义的重大任务.报告中从社会发展一般目标到具体的制度体制设计对什么是社会主义初级阶段的公平正义的内涵和怎样达致公平正义的目标作了具有时代特征的科学阐释,具有重大的理论和实践意义.     

作为哲学方法论的“本来性—现实性”——就荒木见悟《佛教与儒教》而谈

“本来性—现实性”是荒木见悟的一个重要哲学方法论,贯穿其整个中国哲学及佛学研究的过程。这一方法论观念既源自其对儒佛两教重要经典的创造诠释,更是源自其深刻的宗教体验、身心体验乃至战争期间的生命体验,最终在《佛教与儒教》中以“序论”的方式登场。在儒佛思想构造中,正如“本来成佛”或“本来圣人”所示,不论儒佛教说存有多大歧义,都表现出对这一本来性问题的终极关怀;出世间性的佛教对现实性问题亦并不缺乏关心,相反,以冷峻的目光正视现实性,透过现实性以肯定本来性,这是华严学特别是宗密哲学所关注的重点。儒教对本来性与现实性的理论建构更是其核心主题,如宋明儒学中的朱子学与阳明学。故超越儒佛宗派对立,以本来性与现实性的问题关切来整体审视儒佛两教乃至中国传统文化的思想智慧,进而为未来文化发展指明“现实本来性”的方向,具有重要的理论意义。     

老年人生命态度及其与抑郁和社会支持的关系

使用死亡态度描绘量表(修订版)、流调中心用抑郁量表和个人资源量表2000对京津地区的516位老年人进行问卷调查,探讨老年人生命态度的结构及特点,并选取几个因素探讨其对老年人生命态度的影响。结果表明:(1)生命态度的结构包含死亡恐惧、死亡逃避、自然接受、趋近接受和逃离接受五个维度。(2)在生命态度的五个维度中,自然接受和趋近接受存在显著的性别差异,死亡恐惧、自然接受和逃离接受存在显著的教育程度差异;(3)抑郁与自然接受呈显著负相关,与生命态度其他四个维度呈显著正相关;社会支持与死亡恐惧呈显著负相关,与自然接受呈显著正相关。     

Modern Economic Growth,Culture, and Subjective Well-Being: Evidence from Arctic Alaska

Journal of Happiness Studies - The life satisfaction of the indigenous population in Arctic Alaska is quite high, perhaps higher than that of the U.S. population in general. Is wage employment...