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191.
192.
Miranda A. Farage Terresa L. Nusair Dennis Hanseman Susan N. Sherman Joel Tsevat 《Applied research in quality of life》2010,5(1):1-25
Despite the existence of numerous health-related quality of life (HRQoL) measures, few if any are geared to evaluating the
impact of consumer products. We describe the development and initial implementation of the Farage Quality of Life (FQoL™)
general questionnaire, a self-administered questionnaire to assess the potential impact of a variety of consumer products
on overall well-being and HRQoL. We developed the 27-item FQoL™ measure, scored on a Likert scale and covering Overall Quality
of Life (1 item), Well-Being (12 items), and Energy and Vitality (14 items), and a 3-item Menstrual Module for use with menstruating
women. We assessed test-retest reliability by administering the items twice to a sample of 20 women 3 days apart, calculating
mean absolute differences in responses. Then, in a study of 119 women ages 18–55 years who were randomly assigned to use a
new brand of menstrual pad vs. their usual menstrual pads for 1 menstrual period, we administered the FQoL™ questionnaire
5–7 days before their menstrual period and 5–7 days after the start of their period. We compared changes in responses within
groups and between groups pre- vs. during menstruation. Overall, test-retest reliability was good, with a mean (SD) absolute
difference for the 27 general items of 0.51 (0.31). In the menstrual pad study, the mean (SD) age of responders was 35.3 (7.9)
years; 59 (50%) were age 18–35 and 60 (50%) were age 36–55. Relative to the intervention group, the usual pads group reported
worse HRQoL during vs. pre-menstruation on items addressing self-confidence, managing stress, energy, and fatigue (P ≤ 0.05 for each comparison). In subgroup analyses, relative to intervention patients, women age 18-35 in the usual pads group
reported greater changes for the worse during vs. pre-menstruation in managing stress; energy; and fatigue, but relatively
better work or school attendance during vs. pre-menstruation, and women age 36–55 in the usual pads group reported greater
changes for the worse in self-confidence and in desire to go out in public (P ≤ 0.03 for each comparison). The general FQoL™ is a new measure of HRQoL applicable to consumer product evaluation. It has
good test-retest reliability. The FQoL™ menstrual module detects changes in HRQoL during vs. before the menstrual period associated
with menstrual pad use. Further research is needed to assess the construct validity of the HRQoL. 相似文献
193.
Loïs Schenk Miranda Sentse Margriet Lenkens Gera E. Nagelhout Godfried Engbersen Sabine Severiens 《American journal of community psychology》2020,65(1-2):149-159
Research on youth mentoring highlights the importance of the relationship quality between mentor and mentee; mentoring results in more positive outcomes when the mentee perceives the relationship as satisfying and trustworthy. Research on relationship quality shows that social skills are important for constructing new relationships. However, whereas improved social skills are often one of the main goals of youth mentoring, little is known about the importance of social skills for relationship quality in youth mentoring relations. In this study, we examined whether mentee's pre-intervention social skills were related to mentor–mentee relationship quality as perceived by the mentee, and in turn, if relationship quality was associated with post-intervention social skills. We additionally examined possible gender and age differences in these associations. Data were used from a two-wave study that assessed relationship quality and social skills before and after one semester of mentoring of 390 secondary school students in a school-based mentoring program. Results indicated that relationship quality was positively associated with post-intervention social skills. However, only for young mentees pre-intervention social skills were associated with better relationship quality. Moreover, only for young mentees, relationship quality mediated the association between pre- and post-intervention social skills. 相似文献
194.
Miranda M. Nadeau Norian A. Caporale‐Berkowitz Aaron B. Rochlen 《Journal of counseling and development : JCD》2021,99(1):47-59
The benefits of self‐compassion interventions have been well documented in the counseling literature. Despite these benefits, access to such interventions remains a considerable barrier for a range of populations. We addressed the issue of limited access by using a randomized controlled trial to evaluate an online, self‐guided course on self‐compassion specifically targeted toward women. Fifty‐seven women were randomly assigned to receive immediate or delayed access to a 10‐week course designed to increase self‐compassion and reduce self‐judgment, shame, and perfectionism. Analysis of the data revealed that participants in the treatment condition experienced significant increases in self‐compassion and decreases in self‐judgment, shame, and perfectionism compared with participants in the wait‐list group. Results provide evidence that self‐compassion can be fostered in a nonclinical population of women through participation in a self‐paced online course. Related findings and potential implications, including the use of such interventions to address accessibility concerns, are discussed within the existing literature. 相似文献
195.
Praveetha Patalay Daniel Hayes Jessica Deighton Miranda Wolpert 《Journal of psychopathology and behavioral assessment》2016,38(2):242-250
The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) is one of the most widely used measures of young people’s mental health difficulties in research and clinical decision-making. Although the SDQ is available in both paper and computer survey formats, cross-format equivalences have yet to be established. The current study aimed to assess the measure’s equivalence across paper- and computer-based survey formats in a community-based school setting. The study examined self-reported measures completed by a matched sample of 11–14 year olds in secondary schools in England (589 completed paper version; 589 online version). Analyses demonstrate that the factor structure, although did not vary by survey format, resulted in poorly fitting models limiting the use of model based invariance testing. Results indicate that the measure does not operate similarly across different formats, with scale-level mean differences observed for the hyperactivity scale, which also affects the total difficulties score, with higher scores seen in the paper version. Responses to the impact supplement were also influenced by survey format, with higher impact in specific domains disclosed on the computer-based measure. Item-level differential item functioning was observed for four items in the measure; two from the prosocial scale where the DIF is large enough to affect the scale (DTF, ν2 = 0.14). The inconsistency across survey formats highlights the need for more assessment of influences of different survey formats on young people, their perceived privacy and their mental health disclosures via different media. The findings also highlight the potential confounding effect of format when different methods of data collection are used, with a potentially substantive impact on cross-sample comparisons and within child clinical review. 相似文献
196.
One way of identifying emotional behaviors across species, language, and cultures is to describe the “instrumental” effects of each particular behavior. Since aggression and defense may be instrumental they also represent coping behavior. The term coping is being used partly to indicate whether or not the behavior is successful and partly to describe how a situation is being handled (coping strategies). This review deals with how these behaviors are observed and quantified in humans and how they are linked to physiological changes. The internal state of the individual is decided by the expectancy of the outcome of a given situation, but each behavior strategy may have specific links to particular brain mechanisms and particular physiological effectors. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc. 相似文献
197.
Dysfunctional attitudes are mood-state dependent 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
198.
P Horvath 《Psychological bulletin》1988,104(2):214-225
199.
The thermopreferendum of male hooded rats was studied in a temporal thermal gradient. The preferred ambient temperature was found to be approximately 19 degrees C. In addition to the thermopreferendum, three other physiological functions (resting body temperature, daily food intake, and daily ambulatory activity) were each measured in eight rats for 8 days. Overall variability of the thermopreferendum data was higher than that of body temperature and food intake data but lower than the variability of ambulatory activity data. Coefficients of inter- and intrasubject variabilities were computed for each of the four variables. Inter-subject variability was equivalent in all variables, but intrasubject variability was smaller for thermopreferendum and activity than for food intake and core temperature. The thermopreferendum of 19 degrees C is consistent with previously published results but inconsistent with the available data on the thermoneutral zone of the rat (27-28 degrees C). The cause of this inconsistency remains to be determined. 相似文献
200.
A case of crossed aphasia with lesion deep to the right supramarginal gyrus was studied to determine (1) if this patient behaved similar to patients with the same lesion site in the left hemisphere, (2) if visuospatial deficits were present, and (3) if the CT scan asymmetries were similar to those of other right-handers. Speech and language skills were similar to those patients with similar lesions in the left hemisphere. Visuospatial and arithmetic deficits were similar to those described after right-hemisphere and left-hemisphere damage. CT scan asymmetries were atypical. These results provide behavioral and neuroradiological confirmation of atypical hemispheric dominance. 相似文献