Derivations of learning statistics from absorbing Markov chains

Learning-process statistics for absorbing Markov-chain models are developed by using matrix methods exclusively. The paper extends earlier work by Bernbach by deriving the distribution of the total number of errors, u-tuples, autocorrelation of errors, sequential statistics, and the expectation and variance of all statistics presented. The technique is then extended to latency derivations including the latencies of sequential statistics. Suggestions are made for using the sequential-statistic algorithm in a maximum-likelihood estimation procedure. The technique is important because statistics for very large absorbing matrices can be easily computed without going through tedious theoretical calculations to find explicit mathematical expressions.The author is indebted to his students Thomas Wiekens and Richard Freund who were helpful in the development of this paper. Support was received for this work from Grant MH-11255 from the National Institutes of Mental Health.     

Development and Validation of a Short-Form Parenting Self-Efficacy Scale: Me as a Parent Scale (MaaPs-SF)

Journal of Child and Family Studies - Higher levels of self-reported parenting self-efficacy have been associated with positive parent–child relationships, parental mental health and child...