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441.
Nick Donnelly Richard Guest Mike Fairhurst Jonathan Potter Anthony Deighton Mahool Patel 《Behavior research methods》1999,31(4):668-673
We describe a set of algorithms that enhance the sensitivity of cancellation tests used in assessing visuospatial neglect. The algorithms can be readily implemented on a computer and can provide temporal and nontemporal data on strategies used during cancellation. We also present preliminary results from a group of 68 right-hemisphere brain-damaged patients and 12 age-matched control participants, which demonstrate the clinical significance of the measures we have defined. 相似文献
442.
In this article, the authors describe the existential situation of the fast-track suburban couple and a treatment approach
based upon the philosophical concepts of Gabriel Marcel and Viktor Frankl. In this treatment approach, the therapist uses
availability, primary reflection and secondary reflection treatment experiences to host the client couple's discovery and
actualization of the meaning potential in their intimate life. 相似文献
443.
Terry E. Duncan Edward Mauley Mike Stoolmiller Susan C. Duncan 《Journal of applied social psychology》1993,23(18):1498-1522
The present study investigated the role of social support provisions and efficacy cognitions in adherence to a prescribed exercise regimen. A generalized estimating equations approach was employed to estimate regression coefficients via an iterative weighted least squares algorithm. Findings indicated that when employed as time-varying covariates, the social provisions of reassurance of worth, attachment, and, to a lesser extent, guidance were significantly associated with intraindividual fluctuations in program adherence. Specifically, individuals with a greater sense of self-worth were more likely to adhere throughout the program, whereas the effects of subject's perceptions of greater attachment, although generally related to sustained adherence, fluctuated over time. Findings also suggest that individuals perceiving higher levels of guidance were less likely to adhere during the early and concluding stages of the exercise program. Although synchronous covariation existed between efficacy cognitions and attendance, self-efficacy was not predictive of intraindividual change in attendance over time. Results are discussed in regard to the importance of self-referent processes and social provisions in exercise adherence, and the utility of the proposed generalized estimating equations approach to the analysis of longitudinal data. 相似文献
444.
G. Schiefer M. Harkin L-N. Netter Q. Scally M. Wilkinson 《Knowledge, Technology, and Policy》1990,3(3):58-66
Current discussions on the utilization of information technologies for agriculture, place emphasis on the collection and processing
of information on the farm, through the introduction and use of computers as management support in process control and database
management. However, because of farm management's dependency on outside information support for the production control and
market engagement, the communication of information and the improvement of its efficiency is of similar, if not greater, importance.
This article, therefore, places its main focus on the communication aspect. It provides a classification for “on-farm” communication
patterns and highlights, using this classification, a number of European experiences with videotex applications in agriculture.
It argues that new information technologies may open the way for new approaches to farm-related communication, and thus for
a major change in farm management practices. For this progression to occur, its development and application should base itself
upon the basic communication patterns that have evolved in practice, and reflect the actual use of information in agriculture.
Mark Wilkinson is a cereal grower. He is editor of the Irish Farmers Association's closed user group, which was established
on Agriline, a Videotex system. 相似文献
445.
Mike Gregory 《Ratio》2023,36(2):124-136
Recently, scholars have criticized what they call the “Kantian-Republican” thesis of freedom as non-domination. The main complaint is that domination is unavoidable. This concern can be separated into the problem of state domination, which suggests that the state's intervening powers necessarily dominate its citizens, and the problem of majority domination, which suggests that the People necessarily dominate individual citizen as a result of the potential to form dominating majorities. 相似文献
446.
Mike Lloyd 《Human Studies》2017,40(4):681-706
On a sunny Sunday afternoon in 2012 a conflict arose between two men riding a popular mountain biking track in New Zealand. The bulk of this was filmed from a helmet-mounted action camera, facilitating a single case analysis of the transition from an everyday trouble to an unexpected violent ending. The two riders come across each other travelling downhill at speed on a narrow track. Unease quickly develops for the camera-clad rider wants to pass the rider in front, but except for an intriguing and brief interlude, the first rider will not let the other pass. The second rider grows frustrated, progressing to tailgate the ‘slower’ rider, in the midst of which he invokes a rule of mountain biking conduct. The reflexive implications of the rule-invocation need to be seen to be believed. The video is used as data to get close to such seeing, and despite some limitations, we can see a clear trajectory where the rule significantly contributes to a moment of phenomenological salience. Thereafter, it becomes witnessably relevant to the conflict that develops. 相似文献
447.
David M. Buss Mike Abrams 《Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive-Behavior Therapy》2017,35(2):150-172
Humans have evolved adaptations for infidelity, as well defenses against a partner’s betrayal—centrally the emotion of jealousy. Both create problems that bring couples to therapy. Diagnosing jealousy as pathological versus normal turns out to be difficult, in part because infidelity has evolved to be concealed from the betrayed mate, which creates a signal detection problem. Because missing an infidelity committed by a mate has been more costly in evolutionary currencies than falsely suspecting a partner of cheating, selection has created an error management cognitive bias to over-infer a partner’s betrayal. Moreover, adaptations for jealousy become activated by predictors of infidelity, such as mate value discrepancies, when no actual infidelities have occurred. Cognitive-behavior therapy (CBT) offers several ways to deal with these complexities. One way is to highlight potential mismatches, distinguishing between jealous emotions that were functional in ancestral environments but are less so in modern environments. A second is to distinguish between the goal of personal well-being and reproductive outcomes. Understanding the evolutionary logic of jealousy, in short, provides patients with conceptual tools for cognitively reframing jealousy and infidelity. 相似文献
448.
JohnBosco Chika Chukwuorji Lawrence Okwuchukwu Amazue Chuka Mike Ifeagwazi Bernadette E. Chibueze 《Psychology, health & medicine》2017,22(6):640-645
Previous studies have reported gender differences in patients’ health behaviours but few studied hypertensive patients. The potential underlying factors that may mediate gender influences on health behaviours is also a more critical area worthy of investigation. This study examined health locus of control (HLC) as a pathway of gender effects on health behaviours of hypertensive patients. The Multidimensional HLC Scale (Form C) and Wellness behaviour subscale of Health Behaviour Checklist were completed by 400 hypertensive outpatients in two Nigerian hospitals: Enugu State University Teaching Hospital, Park Lane, Enugu, and Bishop Shanahan Specialist Hospital, Nsukka. Hierarchical multiple regression results showed that gender significantly predicted health behaviours. Gender also significantly predicted internal HLC, chance HLC, and other people HLC, but did not predict doctor HLC. The association between gender and health behaviours was fully mediated by internal HLC, chance HLC and other people HLC. Understanding the explanatory mechanisms linking socio-demographic factors and health behaviours is considered of great importance for future research and healthcare intervention. 相似文献
449.
Mike W. L. Cheung 《Behavior research methods》2009,41(2):425-438
Mediation models are often used as a means to explain the psychological mechanisms between an independent and a dependent
variable in the behavioral and social sciences. A major limitation of the unstandardized indirect effect calculated from raw
scores is that it cannot be interpreted as an effect-size measure. In contrast, the standardized indirect effect calculated
from standardized scores can be a good candidate as a measure of effect size because it is scale invariant. In the present
article, 11 methods for constructing the confidence intervals (CIs) of the standardized indirect effects were evaluated via
a computer simulation. These included six Wald CIs, three bootstrap CIs, one likelihood-based CI, and the PRODCLIN CI. The
results consistently showed that the percentile bootstrap, the bias-corrected bootstrap, and the likelihood-based approaches
had the best coverage probability. Mplus, LISREL, and Mx syntax were included to facilitate the use of these preferred methods
in applied settings. Future issues on the use of the standardized indirect effects are discussed. 相似文献
450.
Szmalec A Duyck W Vandierendonck A Mata AB Page MP 《Quarterly journal of experimental psychology (2006)》2009,62(3):435-443
The present study tests the hypothesis that a common ordering mechanism underlies both short-term serial recall of verbal materials and the acquisition of novel long-term lexical representations, using the Hebb repetition effect. In the first experiment, participants recalled visually presented nonsense syllables following a typical Hebb effect learning protocol. Replicating the Hebb repetition effect, we observed improved recall for repeated sequences of syllables. In the second experiment, the same participants performed an auditory lexical decision task, which included nonwords that were constructed from the syllables used in the first experiment. We observed inhibited rejection of nonwords that were composed of the repeated Hebb sequences, compared to nonwords that were built from nonrepeated filler sequences. This suggests that a long-term phonological lexical representation developed during Hebb learning. Accordingly, the relation between immediate serial recall and word learning is made explicit by arguing that the Hebb repetition effect is a laboratory analogue of naturalistic vocabulary acquisition. 相似文献