唐代女真人谢自然考

道教界普遍认为谢自然是司马承祯的女徒弟,本文通过系统梳理谢自然有关传记文献资料,对其生平行止和交游进行了细致考证,指出上述说法纯属道士诞妄虚夸之辞。     

Delay discounting mediates the association between posterior insular cortex volume and social media addiction symptoms

Addiction-like symptoms in relation to excessive and compulsive social media use are common in the general population. Because they can lead to various adverse effects, there is a growing need to understand the brain systems and processes that are involved in potential social media addiction. We focus on the morphology of the posterior subdivision of the insular cortex (i.e., the insula), because it has been shown to be instrumental to supporting the maintenance of substance addictions and problematic behaviors. Assuming that social media addiction shares neural similarities with more established ones and consistent with evidence from the neuroeconomics domain, we further examine one possible reason for this association—namely that insular morphology influences one's delay discounting and that this delay discounting contributes to exaggerated preference for immediate social media rewards and consequent addiction-like symptoms. Based on voxel-based morphometry techniques applied to MRI scans of 32 social media users, we show that the gray matter volumes of the bilateral posterior insula are negatively associated with social media addiction symptoms. We further show that this association is mediated by delay discounting. This provides initial evidence that insular morphology can be associated with potential social media addiction, in part, through its contribution to poor foresight and impulsivity as captured by delay discounting.     

胡适的佛教文化观及其学术史意义

胡适的禅学史研究及其与日本学者的禅学论争向来为学界所关注,但是,人们多注意其研究方法的得失而忽视其佛教文化价值立场的重要影响。本文着眼于人们不太注意的胡适有关佛教文化观念的资料与当时佛教界的回应,分析胡适佛教文化价值观念的现代性特征及对其禅学研究方法的影响,并与陈寅恪、汤用彤等同时代佛教史学者进行比较,说明胡适禅学史研究主要受制于其文化价值观念。     

论卡西尔的符号形式哲学

卡西尔文化哲学的创立是对传统哲学展开的一次整体性的批判,是以文化哲学的方式解答康德的哲学问题,构建起来的一种新的哲学.这一哲学以符号功能为核心概念,把人的文化创造活动、意义的表达作为哲学的最高存在,在此基础上改造了近代理性主义哲学的思维方式和提问方式,实现了哲学从理性批判到文化批判的转向.与其他的文化哲学家相比,卡西尔文化哲学的根本特点是:理性主义+生命哲学和哲学人类学.     

无名相之法以名相说——论维摩诘王氏说及其眷属

本文对流传于中土的维摩诘王氏说及其眷属做了考察,认为这些说法撰造于南朝齐梁陈时代,它们的流行是佛法通俗教化的结果,与印度佛教传统中以传述圣贤事迹为主的大譬喻经或大因缘经有直接联系,标志着中土维摩诘信仰由士大夫阶层向民间普及的发展趋势。     

对恐怖情绪的调节:认知重评和表达抑制的差异——一项ERP研究

本研究采用事件相关电位(ERP)技术,通过测量由视觉诱发的脑电成分晚正波(LPP)来比较情绪调节策略在生理电特征上的差异,探讨认知重评和表达抑制的优劣。实验结果表明:(1)从波幅的角度来比较:在400—600ms时间窗口内,认知重评条件下恐怖图片诱发的LPP波幅显著小于在自由观看条件下的波幅,而表达抑制和自由观看组所诱发的LPP波幅差异较小。(2)从时间进程的角度来比较:认知重评与自由观看组的差异发生在400ms并持续到600ms;而表达抑制和自由观看之间的差异发生在450ms但是只持续到550ms。这表明认知重评相较于表达抑制,对负性情绪起调节作用开始较早,并且持续时间较长。这为认知重评优于表达抑制策略提供了神经生理学上的证据。     

“上下意象图式”对汉语成语感情色彩加工的影响

通过两个实验,考察了＂上下意象图式＂对汉语成语感情色彩加工的影响。实验一发现,成语感情色彩加工存在＂隐喻一致效应＂,褒义的成语呈现在屏幕上方加工得更快,贬义的成语呈现在屏幕下方加工得更快、更准。实验二消除了具体空间信息的影响,发现仅有抽象符号水平的联结,＂上＂、＂下＂概念不能影响汉语成语感情色彩的加工。研究结果支持隐喻理论和具身认知观。     

情绪性工作记忆对选择性注意的影响

选取大学本科生33名,采用情绪启动范式与再认范式相结合,要求被试依次完成情绪词识记、目标面孔性别判断及情绪词再认任务,探讨保存于工作记忆中的情绪性刺激对面孔性别判断任务的影响。结果显示:(1)在中性和恐惧情绪启动刺激条件下,被试对目标面孔性别判断的反应时要显著长于悲伤条件。(2)在愉悦情绪启动词条件下,线索提示有效性差异显著;在无效线索提示条件下,启动刺激的不同情绪效价差异显著。(3)对情绪面孔性别与被试性别一致性/非一致性两种条件下反应时对比发现,男、女被试在情绪面孔性别判断任务中均表现出异性相吸效应。综上所述,保存在工作记忆中情绪刺激会对面孔性别的识别产生自上而下的影响。     

A Brief Group Cognitive-Behavioral Program for the Prevention of Depressive Symptoms in Chinese College Students

Depression is a problem among college students in China. Yet the use of preventative group cognitive-behavioral (CB) intervention is rare. One hundred and eighty Chinese college students who were identified as being at risk for depression were randomly assigned to three groups: 1) a brief group cognitive–behavioral (CB) intervention, 2) a supportive group (SG) intervention, and 3) a wait-list control condition. The Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS), the Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), and the Chinese College Student Adjustment Scale (CCSAS) were administered at pre-test, post-test, and six-month follow-up. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) conducted among the three groups revealed that the CB group demonstrated significantly less increase in measures of primary symptoms of anxiety and depression than the wait-list controls at post-test and six-month follow-up. The prevention effect of the SG group was significant only at the six-month follow-up. CB participants also showed significantly greater improvements in social adjustment than did SG participants and controls at the post-test and six-month follow-up.     

不同认知方式与标记利用意向对文章标记效应的影响

本文探讨读者不同认知方式与标记利用意向对文章标记效应影响的实验。实验以初中二年级学生为被试。结果表明 ,文章标记利用的意向对场独立和场依存被试文章信息的保持都有显著的促进作用 ;文章宏观标记与读者的认知方式有显著的交互作用 ,在有文章宏观标记条件下 ,场独立被试与场依存被试之间无显著差异 ,在无宏观标记条件下 ,场独立被试显著优于场依存被试