合成词结构影响词汇识别过程的眼动研究

采用EyeLink II眼动仪,选取并列结构和偏正结构两种类型的目标词,要求大学生被试阅读包含有目标词的句子,以探讨合成词结构是否影响词汇识别过程,以及如果有影响,这种影响主要表现在词汇识别过程的早期加工阶段还是晚期加工阶段,亦或是整个加工阶段。结果发现:合成词结构影响词汇识别过程,而且这种影响主要体现在词汇识别过程的晚期加工阶段,即相较于偏正结构合成词,读者需要花费更多的注视时间和注视次数识别并列结构合成词。     

参加“第二届玄门讲经”活动感想

<正>继2008年"第一届崂山玄门讲经"活动之后,于2010年7月24日在崂山太清宫又成功举办了第二届。经过两天隆重热烈而有序的登坛演讲,讲经活动于25日圆满结束。来自各地宫观的十六位年轻道友,充分展示了丰富多彩的道教     

管仲治国思想的突出特点

管仲在诸侯并起、争霸称雄、社会动荡的春秋时期，以政治家的胆识、思想家的睿智，洞彻社会发展趋势，胸怀宏伟政治抱负，从实际出发，对齐国的政治、经济、军事等领域进行深刻改革，做出了很多前人没有做过的事，形成了丰富多彩的具有鲜明时代特色的治国思想。今天学习落实科学发展观，坚持“以人为本”，建设和谐社会，管仲的治国思想有着极大的借鉴价值。     

走向世界哲学的曙光——论卡尔·雅斯贝尔斯的未来世界哲学规划

“世界哲学”(Weltphilosophie)是卡尔·雅斯贝尔斯(Karl Jaspers,1883~1969)哲学中最重要的理念之一。早在1951年,他就用一种富于想象力的语言表达了一种敏锐的时代过渡意识:“我们是从欧洲哲学的晚霞出发,穿过我们这个时代的薄暮而走向世界哲学的曙光。”[1]根据这一时代过渡     

Illness representations,pain and physical function in patients with rheumatic disorders: between- and within-person associations

Objectives: Rehabilitation for patients with rheumatic diseases improves both illness representations (IR) and clinical outcomes such as pain and physical functioning (PF). However, it is unclear whether IR may affect and, in turn, are affected by pain and PF. In this study, we examined both between-person associations and within-person associations between IR and pain/PF over time on three measurement occasions. Furthermore, cross-lagged relationships were examined.

Design and main outcome measures: This secondary analysis is based on data from N?=?186 patients with rheumatic diseases. Data on pain, PF and IR were assessed using self-report questionnaires at the beginning, the end and three months after a 3-week inpatient rehabilitation.

Methods: To separate between- and within-person level, data were analysed using random-intercept cross-lagged panel models.

Results: On both the between-person level (r?=?|0.21|???|0.44|) and the within-person level (r?=?|0.15|???|0.46|), pain and PF were related to cognitive and emotional IR. In addition, we found within-person bidirectional cross-lagged effects between emotional IR and PF.

Conclusion: IR show complex relationships with pain and PF. Improving PF might improve subsequent illness-related emotional distress and vice versa.     

Cultural evidence for interpretation bias as a feature of social anxiety in Chinese adolescents

Background and Objectives: Interpretation bias (IB), defined as the tendency to interpret ambiguous social situations in a threatening manner, has increasingly been studied in children and adolescents. Compared to Western samples, the relation between IB and social anxiety in Chinese youth has received little attention. The present study was to mainly examine the relationship between IB and social anxiety among Chinese adolescents.

Design: Cross-sectional design was utilized.

Methods: IB, measured by the Adolescents’ Interpretation Bias Questionnaire (AIBQ), and social anxiety were surveyed among a group of high socially anxious Chinese adolescents (n?=?25) and a control group (n?=?29). Participants were asked to rate the likelihood of interpretations coming to mind in social/non-social situations and to choose the most believable interpretation.

Results: The high social anxiety group had more negative interpretations and beliefs in social situations, and the interpretation bias was particular to social anxiety versus depression. Additionally, the cognitive content-specificity hypothesis was supported; the high anxious group showed interpretation bias in social situations, but didn’t have more negative interpretations of non-social situations, after controlling for depression.

Conclusions: The present study yielded comparable findings as found in Western samples regarding the relation between IB and social anxiety.     

Prosocial behavior is related to later executive function during early childhood: A longitudinal study

ABSTRACT

Previous research has shown that executive function is correlated with prosocial behavior during early childhood. Whether early prosocial behaviors were associated with later executive function during preschool years or vice versa was thus examined in a longitudinal design. The prosocial behaviors and executive function of children (N = 64) aged 42 to 65 months were evaluated twice (Times 1 and 2), based on teachers’ reports and children’s performance on hot and cool executive function tasks. Results revealed that prosocial behaviors at Time 1 were associated with later hot executive function at Time 2, but executive function at Time 1 was not related to prosocial behaviors at Time 2. These findings suggest that prosocial behaviors may enhance children’s hot executive function.     

从景观空间中突围--一种心理地理学的批判

景观空间就是指景观社会或社会景观的空间组织形式，它是资本主义生产统一整合的空间，是生产利润和利润生产的空间，是商品自由布展和自由布展商品的空间，是产生“世界历史”的城市环境及其空间，当然也是理解德波景观社会的重要概念。景观社会及其空间是彻底异化与精神分裂的社会与空间，为了建构真实的生存环境和生活的真实瞬间，人们必须通过心理地理学的“漂移”、“转向”、“建构情境”、“整体都市主义’’等策略与实践从中突围。