“巴比伦囚虏”产生影响的客观条件

"巴比伦囚虏"是公元前6世纪的重要事件,影响到整个犹太历史进程。对于这一事件的客观背景,学界缺乏系统的研究和明确的结论。本文结合文本与考古信息,探讨犹大人口变化及被掳人数、被掳人员构成、巴比伦对其政策和留居犹大者情况等因素,探索该事件产生重要影响的客观条件。     

近五年来《心理学报》与《心理科学》文献计量比较研究

该研究采用文献计量学方法,以2005—2009年《心理学报》与《心理科学》的载文为研究对象,分别统计了两种期刊载文的研究领域、研究方法、载文体裁和作者特征等方面的数据信息。结果发现：基础领域是两种期刊心理学研究的主要领域;在应用领域方面两种期刊侧重点不同;两种期刊在研究方法的选择上是一致的,即实验法是心理学研究的主要研究方法,数据的搜集则主要靠测评法;两种期刊在心理学研究者的地区分布中都出现了明显的地区优势,优势地区与核心作者群略有不同。     

硕士生就业压力源、人格、情绪调节策略与负性情绪的关系

该研究以某985高校550名硕士毕业生为样本,编制、修订了相关问卷或量表,通过数据分析探讨了就业压力源对就业过程产生的负性情绪的直接效应及人格、情绪调解策略等中介变量的效应。结果发现,就业压力源、神经质性对负性情绪有显著直接效应,就业压力源通过人格的神经质性维度对负性情绪产生显著间接效应;神经质性的影响程度大于就业压力源的影响程度。关于负性情绪,未发现情绪调节策略对其有显著的直接效应或中介效应。     

长时重复启动范式下言语理解中的信息表征

采用长时重复启动范式进一步探讨言语理解中信息表征的方式.实验1探讨听力理解中的信息表征,学习阶段采用句子理解任务,测验阶段进行图片判断任务,结果发现匹配和不匹配的图片的反应时和正确率没有显著差异,学过和未学过的图片的反应时和正确率也没有显著差异,说明听力理解中的信息表征是命题符号表征,而非知觉符号表征.实验2探讨阅读理解中的信息表征,结果同实验1,说明阅读理解中的信息表征也是命题符号表征,而非知觉符号表征.实验3在学习阶段和测验阶段都采用句子理解任务,结果发现学过的句子的反应时快于未学过的句子的反应时,学过的句子的正确率高于未学过的句子的正确率,说明前两个实验中没有出现学习效应是因为两个阶段任务类型差异较大造成的.综合3个实验的结果,可以初步得出结论,排除策略影响后,言语理解中没有产生知觉符号表征,先前句图匹配范式下的知觉符号表征很可能是一种策略性的表征.     

Long-lasting effects of inescapable-predator stress on brain tryptophan metabolism and the behavior of juvenile mice

The kynurenine (KYN) pathway, which is initiated by indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase, is the main tryptophan (TRP) metabolic pathway. It shares TRP with the serotonin (5-HT) pathway. We investigated the influence of inescapable-predator (rat) stress on behavior and brain TRP metabolism in mice. Male ICR mice (4W) were exposed to 20-min inescapable-predator stress. Behavior on an elevated plus-maze, and TRP, KYN, and 5-HT levels in the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, amygdala, and dorsal raphe nuclei were measured 1 and 4 weeks after stress exposure. Predator stress increased the number of open-arm entries (NOA) 4 weeks after stress exposure without altering the number of closed-arm entries (NCA). Thus, the open/closed-arm entry ratio (NOA/NCA) increased after stress exposure. Predator stress increased KYN levels in the prefrontal cortex (until 4 weeks after stress exposure) and dorsal raphe nuclei (for 1 week after stress exposure), decreased 5-HT levels in all brain regions (until 4 weeks after stress exposure). Thus, predator stress increased the KYN/5-HT ratio in all regions, in particular in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus until 4 weeks after stress exposure. Predator stress shifted the balance between the KYN and 5-HT pathways to the KYN pathway, and induced behavioral disinhibition.     

The association between infants' self-regulatory behavior and MAOA gene polymorphism

Self-regulatory behavior in early childhood is an important characteristic that has considerable implications for the development of adaptive and maladaptive functioning. The present study investigated the relations between a functional polymorphism in the upstream region of monoamine oxidase A gene (MAOA) and self-regulatory behavior in a sample of Chinese infants at 6 months of age. Self-regulation was assessed by observing infants' behavior of orienting visual attention away from a threatening event in the laboratory situation. The results indicated that regulatory behavior was associated with the functional MAOA gene polymorphism in girls, but not boys. Girls with 4/4 genotypes displayed significantly higher regulation than girls with 3/3 and 3/4 genotypes. The present study provided evidence for gender differences on the role of MAOA gene polymorphism in socioemotional functioning in the early years.     

变革型领导如何影响员工的工作结果：一个有中介的调节作用分析

本文通过对426名在职人员的调查,探讨了变革型领导对工作绩效与满意度的影响机制。最后采用SPSS 13.0和Lisrel 8.7 对数据进行多层级线性回归分析,并依据温忠麟等（2006）的统计步骤分析了有中介的调节作用,得到如下结果：（1）在控制了年龄、性别与任职年限之后,自我效能在变革型领导与工作绩效、工作满意度之间都起部分中介作用;（2）核心工作特征在变革型领导与工作绩效之间起调节作用,调节作用需要通过自我效能作为中介变量。文章最后讨论了本研究的理论和实践意义。     

关系研究的新取向：社会网络分析

社会网络分析（Social Network Analysis, SNA）是用社会实体之间的关系来描述、解释和预测社会现象的一种研究取向。SNA提供了深入探究社会环境特征及其对个体心理发展影响的一种方法。本文基于SNA的发展历程,依次介绍了中心性分析、小团体分析、位置分析、QAP以及统计模型法。SNA在社会学研究中得到了较多应用,近年来在心理学研究中开始受到重视。     

泰文和中文阅读过程中的眼动控制(中文)

This paper analyses some aspects of the eye movement behaviour of readers of Thai and Chinese. The main focus is on readers′landing site distributions on words and how these are affected by the lack of clear word boundary information due to the absence of inter-word spaces. Empirical evidence from Thai and Chinese readers suggest that readers can relatively accurately target word centres. We make the case that this accuracy can be accounted for by a default targetting model(effectively, the prior landing site distribution, in Bayesian terms)modulated by statistical cues about word beginnings available from word-initial character frequencies.