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171.
《管子》与《齐民要术》表有枝叶之异,而里则本根相连。二书在“重农思想”、“民本思想”、“大农业观”、“农时观”、“科技兴农思想”等方面,有着密切的关联性和相通性,甚至可以说相通相同、一脉相连;然而由于成书年代的不同,在“商业思想”方面却有很大差异。《齐民要术》重农而富民强国的思想是直接受了齐文化深刻影响的。《管子》与《齐民要术》可谓广义齐文化园地里的双璧。二书的智慧都对当今社会的新农村建设具有重大的启迪意义和借鉴价值。因而,如同《管子》一样,《齐民要术》亟需深入研究、有效开发和利用。 相似文献
172.
Temporal Discounting Mechanisms of Future‐oriented Coping: Evidence from Delay Discounting and Task Prioritization Paradigms 下载免费PDF全文
Four studies were conducted to examine the relationship between future‐oriented coping and temporal discounting under different situational conditions. In Study 1, 138 participants were primed with either stressful or neutral stimuli, followed by a delay‐discounting task. In Study 2, 118 participants were primed with either stressful or neutral stimuli, followed by a task‐prioritization activity. The results of both studies indicated that future‐oriented coping had a significant negative association with temporal discounting or the number of rational choices in the neutral‐priming condition, but the relationship was not significant in the stress‐priming condition. In Study 3, qualitative data revealed that the major reason for shifting choices from larger but later payoffs to smaller but sooner rewards in a stressful condition was to reduce the stressful mood, create a positive mood, and promote a sense of accomplishment. This explanation was corroborated by Study 4, in which one group was allowed to choose an immediate payoff and the other group was blocked from choosing that immediate payoff. We confirmed that post‐test anxiety was significantly lower in the immediate payoff group compared with the delayed‐payoff group in proactive and preventive coping, using pre‐test anxiety as a covariate. Preventive coping helped to reduce anxiety levels in a stressful condition only when there was a choice to obtain an immediate payoff. These findings underscore the relationship between future‐oriented coping and temporal discounting, as well as the flexibility of discounting in the face of stress. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
173.
Yan Wang Yihan She Stephen M. Colarelli Yuan Fang Hui Meng Qiuju Chen Xin Zhang Hongwei Zhu 《Aggressive behavior》2018,44(1):89-97
174.
Motivation and Emotion - Satisfaction of the basic psychological need of autonomy is essential for one’s optimal functioning and well-being. Recent studies consistently demonstrated that... 相似文献
175.
Cognitive Processing - Perception of color can affect cognition and behavior in humans. Although there has been increasing interest in the effect of red on cognitive performance in adults, little... 相似文献
176.
大学生的经济信心与职业决策自我效能的关系—— 归因和主动性人格的调节作用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
通过对513名大学三年级学生的问卷调查, 本研究探讨了全球金融危机背景下大学生经济信心对其职业决策自我效能的影响, 以及内外控制点和主动性人格对此关系的调节作用。结果表明:大学生对经济发展的信心能预测其职业决策自我效能; 内外控制点和主动性人格在此关系中, 分别都起到了调节的作用; 当两者进入同一个调节模型时, 主动性人格的调节作用掩盖了内外控制点的作用。这一调节模型丰富了职业决策自我效能的研究理论, 对高校职业生涯辅导具有借鉴意义。 相似文献
177.
Research based on naturalistic and checklist methods has revealed differences between English and Chinese monolingual children in their trajectories of learning nouns and verbs. However, studies based on controlled laboratory designs (e.g., Imai et al., 2008) have yielded a more mixed picture. Guided by a multidimensional view of word learning (in which different mechanisms are weighted and recruited to different extents over development), we examined English- and Mandarin-learning infants' (n = 128) ability to map novel labels to unfamiliar actions and objects. Findings reveal cross-linguistic variations in the mapping of words to actions versus objects that are consistent with those found previously with naturalistic and checklist methods. Specifically, English learners were able to map novel labels to both actions and objects at 18 months but to neither actions nor objects at 14 months. In an identical experimental paradigm, Mandarin learners at both 14 and 18 months of age were able to map novel labels to actions but not to objects. Similar patterns were found when infants were grouped based on their vocabulary size. Combined results lend support for a dynamic view of word learning that take into account multiple mechanisms interacting across developmental time with important cultural constraints. 相似文献
178.
了解新生儿真菌血症的流行病学特征,为制定有效的预防措施提供科学依据.采取回顾性调查及病例对照研究方法,分析我院2008年~2010年新生儿真菌血症患者及对照的临床资料、实验室检查结果.结果早产儿及极低体重儿易发生真菌血流感染,感染菌株以非白色念珠菌为最常见,预防性抗真菌药的目标人群可定为早产儿、极低体重儿及细菌性菌血症患儿. 相似文献
179.
心理学理论创新离不开心理学研究对象扩展性探索,即心理学研究对象边界与范畴的延伸。从科学意义上,心理学研究对象是可证实的心理现象,它是以本体论为前提预设,以可证实性研究方式,以实验方法为技术支持,体现的是研究者价值无涉的研究立场。心理学研究对象扩展性探索新视野在于心理学研究对象还具有主观性、价值性以及常识性水平,体现的是研究者价值涉入研究立场。从价值无涉到价值涉入转向不仅是心理学研究领域和研究视域的扩张,而且也是思维方式的根本性转换,引领和推动心理学理论创新。 相似文献
180.
Naturalness preference refers to the tendency to prefer natural things to otherwise equivalent unnatural alternatives. Previous research suggests that the naturalness preference is largely due to ideational reasons (moral or aesthetic appeals), rather than instrumental reasons (inferred functional superiority), because the natural and unnatural alternatives were specified as identical. The current studies showed that people do not always believe that natural and unnatural alternatives can be identical. Responses that in previous studies would have been interpreted as ideational‐based naturalness preference were correlated with beliefs in instrumental advantages of natural products. We propose that instrumental and ideational reasons are closely connected, and instrumental beliefs may contribute to the “natural is better” heuristic. The financial consequence of naturalness preference was also demonstrated. 相似文献