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141.
Marco Sarchiapone MD Vladimir Carli MD PhD Massimo Di Giannantonio MD Alec Roy MD 《Suicide & life-threatening behavior》2009,39(3):343-350
We wished to examine determinants of suicidal behavior in prisoners. 903 male prisoners had a psychiatric interview which included various psychometric tests. Suicide attempters were compared with prisoners who had never attempted suicide. Significantly more of the attempters had a history of psychiatric disorder, substance abuse, a family history of suicidal behavior, convictions for violent crime, had exhibited aggressive behavior in jail, and had higher BGLHA aggression scores. A similar pattern of risk factors was found for prisoners with suicidal ideation. A lifetime history of attempting suicide, or of having suicidal ideation, is frequent in prisoners. Risk factors include family, developmental, aggression, personality, psychiatric, and substance abuse factors. 相似文献
142.
Sarah Kuhn PhD 《Science and engineering ethics》1998,4(4):457-472
To design effective and socially sensitive systems, engineers must be able to integrate a technology-based approach to engineering
problems with concerns for social impact and the context of use. The conventional approach to engineering education is largely
technology-based, and even when additional courses with a social orientation are added, engineering graduates are often not
well prepared to design user- and context-sensitive systems. Using data from interviews with three engineering students who
had significant exposure to a socially-oriented perspective on production systems design, this paper argues that engineering
students may have difficulty integrating in their own practice the technology-based and the socially-oriented perspectives
on production. To enhance engineering students' ability to create systems that integrate both perspectives, and to relieve
the intense cognitive and emotional pain that can be experienced by students exposed to both perspectives but unable to reconcile
them, this paper reinforces the importance of teaching students the meta skill, design. A design perspective can help students integrate varied, sometimes conflicting, perspectives, and reach beyond customer-defined
constraints to consider workplace and social impact. 相似文献
143.
Euan M. Macphail G. V. Jones A. M. Uttley P. E. Bryant W. R. A. Muntiz N. J. Wade Burton S. Rosner 《Quarterly journal of experimental psychology (2006)》1975,27(2):331-340
DIMSOND, S. The Double Brain. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone. 1972.Pp. 229. £ 3.50.
ANDERSON, J. R. and BOWER, G. H. Human Associative Memory. Washington: V. H. Winston and Sons. 1973. Pp. 524. £ 8.55.
SOMMERHOFF, G. Logic of the Living Brain. London: John Wiley and Sons. 1974. Pp. 413. £ 5.75.
KLAUSMEIER, H. J., GHATALA, E. S. and FRAYER, D. A. Conceptual Learning and De-velopment. London: Academic Press. 1974. Pp 284. £ 7.00.
RATCLIFF, F. (ED.) Studies on Excitation and Inhibition in the Retina. A Collection of Papers from the Laboratories of H. Keffler Hartime. London: Chapman and Hall. 1974. Pp. 668. £ 8.50.
ROCK, I. orientation and Form. London: Academic Press. Inc. (London) Ltd. 1973-Pp. 165. £ 5.60.
BOWER, T. G. R. Devolopment in Infancy. Reading: W. H. Freeman and Co. 1974. Pp. 258. £ 2.90
CONNOLLY, K. J. and BRUNER,J. S. (Eds). The Growth of Competence. London: Aca-demic Press. 1974. Pp. 327. £ 6.80.
PIAGET, J. and INHELDER, B. (Translated by POmerans, A.) The Child's Construction of Quantities. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul. 1974. Pp. 285. £ 5.75.
GARNER, W. R. The Processing of Information and Structure. Potomac: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. 1974. Pp. xi + 203. £ 6.00.
CARTERETTE, E. C. and FRIEDMAN, M. P. (Eds). Handbook of Perception. Vol. III. Bilogy of Perceptual System. London: Acadmic Press, Inc. (London) Ltd. 1973. Pp. 521. £ 00.00. 相似文献
ANDERSON, J. R. and BOWER, G. H. Human Associative Memory. Washington: V. H. Winston and Sons. 1973. Pp. 524. £ 8.55.
SOMMERHOFF, G. Logic of the Living Brain. London: John Wiley and Sons. 1974. Pp. 413. £ 5.75.
KLAUSMEIER, H. J., GHATALA, E. S. and FRAYER, D. A. Conceptual Learning and De-velopment. London: Academic Press. 1974. Pp 284. £ 7.00.
RATCLIFF, F. (ED.) Studies on Excitation and Inhibition in the Retina. A Collection of Papers from the Laboratories of H. Keffler Hartime. London: Chapman and Hall. 1974. Pp. 668. £ 8.50.
ROCK, I. orientation and Form. London: Academic Press. Inc. (London) Ltd. 1973-Pp. 165. £ 5.60.
BOWER, T. G. R. Devolopment in Infancy. Reading: W. H. Freeman and Co. 1974. Pp. 258. £ 2.90
CONNOLLY, K. J. and BRUNER,J. S. (Eds). The Growth of Competence. London: Aca-demic Press. 1974. Pp. 327. £ 6.80.
PIAGET, J. and INHELDER, B. (Translated by POmerans, A.) The Child's Construction of Quantities. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul. 1974. Pp. 285. £ 5.75.
GARNER, W. R. The Processing of Information and Structure. Potomac: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. 1974. Pp. xi + 203. £ 6.00.
CARTERETTE, E. C. and FRIEDMAN, M. P. (Eds). Handbook of Perception. Vol. III. Bilogy of Perceptual System. London: Acadmic Press, Inc. (London) Ltd. 1973. Pp. 521. £ 00.00. 相似文献
144.
Sue R Rosner 《Journal of experimental child psychology》1974,17(3):422-435
First-gradens' multitrial free recall shows an effective list-length (ELL) effect: an initial recall gain followed by a constant output level that fluctuates in item content. The part-whole transfer paradigm was used to investigate ELL. The ELL effect occurred in whole-list learning regardless of whether the prior task consisted of relevant practice, irrelevant practice, or an unrelated task. Relevant part-list learning resulted in positive transfer which declined from a high to a marginal level over the course of whole-list learning. Other analyses indicated a general deficit in the use of strategies. A response-strength model was used to explain the ELL effect and the transfer results. 相似文献
145.
Burton S. Rosner 《Psychometrika》1956,21(4):377-381
The results of an experiment using the method of absolute judgments can be viewed as a matrix of conditional probabilities
in which the rows represent stimuli and the columns responses. The cosine of the angle between two row vectors is a measure
of the similarity of the corresponding stimuli. This cosine provides the basis for a method of scaling the stimuli. Unlike
the method of paired comparisons, this new technique does not require arbitrary fixing of a unit of measurement. A numerical
example is given. 相似文献
146.
Comparison of the Effects of Telephone Suicide Prevention Help by Volunteers and Professional Paid Staff: Results from Studies in the USA and Quebec,Canada
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Brian L. Mishara PhD Marc Daigle PhD Cécile Bardon PhD François Chagnon PhD Bogdan Balan MD PhD Sylvaine Raymond MA Julie Campbell MA 《Suicide & life-threatening behavior》2016,46(5):577-587
Research since the 1960s has consistently found that lay volunteers are better at helping suicidal callers than professionals. Yet, professional degrees are increasingly becoming requirements for helpline workers. In our first study, we conducted post hoc comparisons of U.S. helplines with all professional paid staff, all lay volunteers, and a mix of both, using silent monitoring and standardized assessments of 1,431 calls. The volunteer centers more often conducted risk assessments, had more empathy, were more respectful of callers, and had significantly better call outcome ratings. A second study of five Quebec suicide prevention centers used silent monitoring to compare telephone help in 1,206 calls answered by 90 volunteers and 39 paid staff. Results indicate no significant differences between the volunteers and paid employees on outcome variables. However, volunteers and paid staff with over 140 hours of call experience had significantly better outcomes. Unlike the United States, Quebec paid employees were not required to have advanced professional degrees. We conclude from these results and previous research that there is no justification for requiring that suicide prevention helpline workers be mental health professionals. In fact, the evidence to date indicates that professionals may be less effective in providing telephone help to suicidal individuals when compared to trained lay volunteers. 相似文献
147.
Jennifer DeNicolis Bragger Ofelia Rodriguez-Srednicki Eugene J. Kutcher Lisa Indovino Erin Rosner 《Journal of business and psychology》2005,20(2):303-324
Two hundred three teachers completed measures of work-family culture, work-family conflict, organizational commitment, job
satisfaction, and organizational citizenship behavior (OCB). Pearson correlations indicated that OCB was related negatively
to work-family conflict, and positively to work-family culture, job satisfaction, and organizational commitment. Hierarchical
regression analyses indicated that work-family culture predicts work-family conflict, and that various forms of work-family
conflict predict OCB. Analyses also showed that work-family culture predicts both organizational commitment and OCB, and that
organizational commitment does not mediate the relationship between work-family culture and OCB. The findings support the
importance for schools to foster a positive work-family culture. 相似文献
148.
Aikaterini Vassilikopoulou PhD Kalliopi Chatzipanagiotou PhD George Siomkos PhD Amalia Triantafillidou MSc 《Journal of Consumer Behaviour》2011,10(5):279-289
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the consumer reaction during a product‐harm crisis by examining the interdependencies that exist among their ethical beliefs as consumers, their attributions of blame, their feelings of anger and finally their purchase intentions towards the affected company. To test the five research hypotheses, a questionnaire containing a hypothetical crisis scenario of a fictitious company was distributed to 277 consumers. Respondents were asked to read the scenario and answer questions regarding their attribution of responsibility to the company, their feelings of anger and their purchase intentions. In order to investigate consumers' ethical beliefs, a Consumer Ethics Scale was also included in the questionnaire. Structural equation modelling revealed a significant, positive correlation between attributions of blame, anger and ethical beliefs. Moreover, anger negatively affects purchase intentions, whereas the attribution of blame was not found to be significantly connected to purchase intentions. In spite of the rational connection between ethics and crisis, there is lack of research correlating these two concepts. Based on this gap in the literature, the current research attempts to connect ethical beliefs with consumer reactions and emotions during product‐harm crises. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
149.
150.
Norman Y. Teng PhD 《亚洲哲学》2006,16(1):39-47
The anecdote of Zhuangzi and Hui Shi's brief discussion on a bridge above the Hao river gives us a nice piece of reasoning in ancient Chinese texts that may serve as a platform for a productive philosophical exchange between the East and the West. The present study examines Hansen's inferential analysis of Zhuangzi and Hui Shi's discussion in this spirit. It is argued that Hansen's analysis founders. To do justice to both Hui Shi and Zhuangzi, the present study proposes that we apply the logic developed in the later Mohist text, the Lesser Pick, to an analysis of their discussion. The re-analysis shows that the intricate dialectic of the reasoning in which Zhuangzi and Hui Shi engage, neatly accords with the pattern of discourse expounded in the Lesser Pick, and gives us global insight into Zhuangzi's final statement in the anecdote, which is notoriously recondite, or confusing. 相似文献