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991.
The current study is an examination of the familial variables associated with the expression of intrinsic and extrinsic religiosity
and the relationship between religiosity and adjustment in emerging adulthood. Three hundred and five emerging adults completed
questionnaires regarding their religiosity, psychological adjustment, and several familial variables. Parental divorce, perceived
parental marital satisfaction, and family support were found to relate to religiosity. Additionally, those classified as intrinsically
and indiscriminately religious reported higher levels of self-esteem than the extrinsically religious. The current study highlights
the importance of examining multiple contextual variables simultaneously in order to assess the true multidimensional aspect
of religious expression in emerging adulthood.
Portions of this paper were presented at the meeting of the American Psychological Society, Chicago, May 2004. 相似文献
992.
Tina Jones Melissa DeMore Lindsey L. Cohen Cara O’Connell Deborah Jones 《Journal of clinical psychology in medical settings》2008,15(3):234-240
Late adolescence and early adulthood is a time when people establish many of their life-style behaviors. Thus, in order to
promote optimal health, it is important to identify factors predictive of young adults’ healthcare behavior. This study evaluated
the relationship between measures of childhood healthcare experience, healthcare attitudes, and optimism with young adults’
healthcare behavior in a sample of college students (n = 100). Results suggested that prior healthcare experience, attitudes about healthcare, and optimism are associated with
current healthcare behavior. In addition, the relation between childhood healthcare experience and current healthcare behavior
was moderated by optimism, such that those who reported both more negative childhood healthcare experiences and low levels
of optimism reported the least adaptive healthcare behaviors and those who reported the most positive childhood healthcare
experience and the highest levels of optimism reported the most adaptive healthcare behavior. 相似文献
993.
This study examined the impact of emotional content on encoding and retrieval processes. Event-related potentials were recorded in a source recognition memory task. During encoding, a posterior positivity for positive and negative pictures (250-450 ms) that presumably reflects attentional capturing of emotionally valenced stimuli was found. Additionally, positive events, which were also rated as less arousing than negative events, gave rise to anterior and posterior slow wave activity as compared with neutral and negative events and also showed enhanced recognition memory. It is assumed that positive low-arousing events enter controlled and elaborated encoding processes that are beneficial for recognition memory performance. The high arousal of negative events may interfere with controlled encoding mechanisms and attenuate item recognition and the quality of remembering. Moreover, topographically distinct late posterior negativities were obtained for the retrieval of the context features location and time that support the view that this component reflects processes in service of reconstructing the study episode by binding together contextual details with an item and that varies with the kind of episodic detail to be retrieved. 相似文献
994.
Nadya A. Fouad Neeta Kantamneni Melissa K. Smothers Yung-Lung Chen Mary Fitzpatrick Sarah Terry 《Journal of Vocational Behavior》2008,72(1):43-59
This study used a modified version of consensual qualitative research design to examine how contextual, cultural, and personal variables influence the career choices of a diverse group of 12 Asian Americans. Seven domains of influences on career choices emerged including family, culture, external factors, career goals, role models, work values, and self-identity. Furthermore, several overarching themes were discovered that expressed elements of many of these domains. These themes highlighted the pervasive and influential role that both culture and family of origin play in the construction of meaning that these Asian American participants made from their career choices. Implications of these domains and themes and suggestions for future research are discussed. 相似文献
995.
A dual task method was used to examine the relationship between strategy use and working memory load during subtraction problem solving. Undergraduates mentally solved subtraction problems alone and while performing secondary tasks that involved the central executive of working memory. Analyses revealed that a central executive task involving response selection and input monitoring (CRT-R task) interfered more with subtraction problem solving than a task that involved only input monitoring (SRT-R task). Additional analyses showed that the CRT-R task interfered more when participants used a nonretrieval (counting) strategy than a retrieval strategy. These findings suggest that the response selection subcomponent of the central executive is involved during both retrieval-based and non-retrieval-based simple subtraction problem solving but is involved more during the latter. 相似文献
996.
997.
The study examined how children's appraisals of marital conflict (threat and self-blame) changed across development, whether changes in exposure to marital conflict were associated with corresponding changes in appraisals, and whether the appraisal process was different for boys and girls. Data were collected on 112 families (224 children) at 4 time points. At each wave, children (mean ages ranged from 8 to 19) provided information on their appraisals of marital conflict, and parents provided information on children's exposure to marital conflict. Results indicated that appraisals of threat declined rapidly from childhood to adolescence and then declined less rapidly across adolescence; appraisals of self-blame showed little change over time. Second, changes in exposure to marital discord covaried with changes in threat over time, but not with changes in self-blame. Finally, boys experienced more self-blame than girls on average, and gender moderated the association between exposure to marital discord and threat. Results suggest that development, exposure to marital conflict, and gender are important in determining why some children appraise their parents' disputes negatively. 相似文献
998.
This study explored the relationships among daily stresses, specifically interpersonal conflict, the quality of supportive
spousal relationships, and the experience of postpartum depressive symptoms. In our sample of 51 women nearly 30% reported
symptoms consistent with postpartum depression. Using regression analysis and controlling for depression during pregnancy,
results suggested that arguments with family members and the depth of the spousal relationship acted as significant predictors
of the severity of reported postpartum depressive symptoms. Results of the regression were in the expected direction, but
due to the small sample size, the findings should be interpreted with caution. Post-hoc analyses were conducted separating
the women into three groups based on their depression scores. Therapeutic interventions to reduce postpartum depressive symptoms
are considered.
An erratum to this article can be found at 相似文献
999.
Spirituality and Resilience in Trauma Victims 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Julio F. P. Peres Alexander Moreira-Almeida Harold G. Koenig 《Journal of religion and health》2007,46(3):343-350
The way people process stressors is critical in determining whether or not trauma will be experienced. Some clinical and neuroimaging
findings suggest that posttraumatic stress disorder patients experience difficulty in synthesizing the traumatic experience
in a comprehensive narrative. Religiousness and spirituality are strongly based on a personal quest for understanding of questions
about life and meaning. Building narratives based on healthy perspectives may facilitate the integration of traumatic sensorial
fragments in a new cognitive synthesis, thus working to decrease post-traumatic symptoms. Given the potential effects of spiritual
and religious beliefs on coping with traumatic events, the study of the role of spirituality in fostering resilience in trauma
survivors may advance our understanding of human adaptation to trauma. 相似文献
1000.
A study of the antecedents and consequences of psychological ownership in organizational settings 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Psychological ownership is a feeling of possession in the absence of any formal or legal claims of ownership. In this study, the authors aimed to extend previous empirical testing of psychological ownership in work settings to encompass both job-based and organization-based psychological ownership as well as related work attitudes and behavioral outcomes. Questionnaire data from 68 employees and their managers revealed that job-based psychological ownership and organization-based psychological ownership are distinct work attitudes that are distinguishable from job satisfaction and organizational commitment. Psychological ownership predicted job satisfaction and organizational commitment and mediated the relationship between autonomy and these work attitudes. There was no support for a relationship between psychological ownership and behavioral outcomes. The authors discuss the limitations of the study and the implications of psychological ownership. 相似文献