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241.
Below the age of 7 or 8, children find it very difficult to reproduce a diamond compared with a square. They are also highly sensitive to contextual alignment cues from the age of three years. It is shown here that over the brief age-span of 4-6 years (inclusive), children come to control the weight they give to contextual cues. It is argued that this is a more likely precursor of the older child's ability to cope with obliques, than is the converse process of learning to specify targets and thence to prevent themselves from responding inappropriately to the context. Of course, both target-specification and contextual-responsiveness are manifest at all the ages, but the latter seems to have the leading edge in early development. 相似文献
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言语失误(speech errors)是指人们在说话时无意中非习惯性的偏离言语计划所致的错误.该文首先回顾了国外研究者从自然情景与实验室情景两种条件下对言语失误开展的研究,其次阐述了言语失误的理论模型,并介绍了认知神经科学对言语失误与大脑关系的一些研究成果,最后对言语失误研究提出了展望. 相似文献
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隋唐时期中国佛教空前兴盛并日益世俗化,佛教信仰广泛地影响民众的日常生活.在中国的佛菩萨信仰中,不同的神灵司职不同的领域,由于民众所遇到的生活事物不同,大都会从个人的自身利益出发去信仰某一神灵,这种信仰的流行往往也伴随着造像的产生.有时不同佛菩萨共同出现的组合,更能得到大众普遍的崇敬与膜拜,因此在民间信仰生活中,许多是以多尊像同时出现的形式来表达对神灵的祈求.本文即以地藏菩萨像为主轴,通过对石窟造像的组合形式、题记和相关文献的研究,说明地藏菩萨与西方净土信仰的关系. 相似文献
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This study examined the effects of programming expertise on the semantic processing of computer programs. Experiment 1 showed that sensitivity to semantic changes (i.e. changes of actual program functions) in a BASIC program recognition task increased with programming experience. No such pattern was observed for surface changes (i.e. changes of program syntax without functional alterations). The magnitude of semantic priming for BASIC keywords in a lexical decision task also increased with expertise, but the pattern was not found with normal English priming. In Experiment 2, novice BASIC programmers detected more semantic changes than the controls (non-programmers) in BASIC programs; the reverse was found for surface changes. Both the controls and the novices detected more semantic than surface changes in English passages. The BASIC priming effect was found only with the novices whereas English priming was demonstrated with both the control and the novice participants. The present findings support the view that the programming expert relies particularly on semantic processing and such reliance is specific to programming activities. Practical implications of the present results are discussed. 相似文献
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人文主义与科学主义在中医现代化研究中的冲突 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
因中医学的核心概念未能获得现代科学意义上的实证,所以有人提出科学主义应当从中医学研究中退出,取而代之的应当是人文主义。 相似文献
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Mei-Whei Chen Julie Pohn Noosbond Mary Alice Bruce 《Journal of counseling and development : JCD》1998,76(4):404-411
In this article, the authors provide a therapeutic document model using language as an active change agent. The practice of the therapeutic letter has demonstrated substantial power in narrative therapy to foster client change. No literature, however, has applied this construct in group counseling. Grounded in social constructionism, re-authoring therapy and the power of written language, this model transforms the usually time-consuming and frequently nontherapeutic client documentation into a functional intervention. As a competency-based intervention, this model provides counselors with principles and procedures to enhance clients' self-agency and expedite the change process in group counseling. 相似文献