真武信仰研究综述

真武信仰研究始于20世纪40年代,80年代以后,国内外学者对真武信仰的探讨逐渐热烈.学术界在对真武崇拜的起源及演变、宋元明皇室对真武的崇信,以及有关真武信仰的经典、科仪、小说及其与道教科技文化的关系等方面的研究取得了不小的进展,对闽台、岭南等区域的真武信仰状况也进行了深入的田野调查.     

精神分裂症的潜伏抑制动物模型

精神分裂症动物模型的建立,是当前研究精神分裂症的神经生物学机制以及开发新的抗精神病药物的一个重要课题。文章系统地阐述了以潜伏抑制为行为模式的精神分裂症动物模型的理论以及神经机制,并重点介绍了精神分裂症的潜伏抑制动物模型的建立方法,包括（1）调节某些与精神分裂症相关的中枢神经递质的传递活动;（2）对与精神分裂症有关的中脑-伏隔核神经环路进行结构损伤或药物性干预;（3）在发育早期给予免疫刺激或环境应激     

人格和主观幸福感关系探新

在对主观幸福感的概念、研究现状介绍的基础上,从特质、自我、目标、需要等四个方面回顾了当前人格和主观幸福感的关系研究,分析了在文化和主观幸福感的关系中人格的中介作用,并从研究内容、研究方法、研究对象、研究过程、研究方向等五个方面阐述了未来人格和主观幸福感关系的研究趋势。     

社会文化震荡中幽默应对的机制

应对社会文化震荡需要社会性的宏观策略,更需要适宜的微观策略--个体的自我调节策略.幽默感本质上是认知、情绪、行为、心理和社会等各方面的整合.幽默感的本质决定了幽默对个体从接受刺激到做出反应的各个环节都具有调节作用,能满足社会文化震荡中个体超越各种障碍时的心理调节需要和行为需要.本文通过介绍国外的研究成果,阐释了幽默作用于社会文化震荡的四个机制:认知中心机制、情绪中心机制、问题中心机制和结果接受机制.     

Double Reference Points: the Effects of Social and Financial Reference Points on Decisions Under Risk

The existing literature is inconsistent about how social comparison affects risk attitudes. We propose a framework where the total utility is composed of the social and financial utilities. The financial utility is consistent with prospect theory (i.e., an S‐shaped utility function with a financial reference point), whereas the social utility is affected by both social and financial reference points. Therefore, social risk attitudes are determined by interaction between gains/losses in both social and financial contexts. On the basis of safety‐first principle, we propose that when experiencing financial gains, individuals tend to seek upside potential and take social risks (i.e., a convex social utility function). In contrast, when facing financial losses, people would be more risk seeking in social gains but more risk averse in social losses to maximize security (i.e., an inverse S‐shaped utility function). We also propose that the relative importance of financial and social utilities depends on the saliency of the reference points and size of stakes. Studies 1 and 2 showed that individuals were risk seeking in both social gains and losses with social reference points alone. Studies 3 and 4 demonstrated that when both financial and social reference points were salient, participants were risk averse in both social gains and losses when facing financial gains, but risk seeking in social gains and risk averse in social losses when facing financial losses. The hypotheses derived from the theoretical framework were in general supported by our experiments. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

大学生网络同一性实验与自我同一性的关系:网络社交倾向和强迫性网络使用的作用

从网络同一性实验与自我同一性间关系的分歧出发,提出相应的理论模型,考察网络社交倾向的调节作用及强迫性网络使用的中介作用。本研究采用网络同一性实验量表、自我同一性实验问卷以及强迫性网络使用量表对275名大学生进行了测量,结果表明:(1)网络社交倾向对网络同一性实验与自我同一性的关系具有调节作用。对于线下社交倾向的大学生,网络同一性实验对自我同一性有消极预测作用;但对于线上社交倾向的大学生,中等程度的网络同一性实验会积极预测自我同一性的发展;(2)强迫性网络使用在网络同一性实验与自我同一性的关系中起完全中介作用。总之,网络同一性实验整体上不利于大学生自我同一性的发展,但若把握好"度"也可以发挥其积极作用。     

Happiness and Stock-Market Participation: Empirical Evidence from China

Using the data from the China Household Finance Survey in 2011, we study the relation between happiness and stockholding. We find that a household’s propensity of investing in stocks or mutual funds, as well as household asset shares invested in stocks or mutual funds, is strongly associated with happiness. Moreover, empirical results suggest that among the three potential channels we propose, the association between happiness and stockholding is driven by trust (or social capital), rather than households’ risk preference or optimism level.     

Effects of program‐advertisement congruity and advertisement emotional appeal on memory for health and safety advertisements

The aim of this study was to examine the memory for health and safety advertisements (HSAs) embedded within a congruent (documentary) or incongruent (sitcom) program. A total of 80 participants aged 16–25 years took part. Participants watched either a sitcom or a health‐related program with health and safety and “filler” advertisements. After they watched the 30 minute program, they were given free and cued recall measures as well as program evaluation. These showed that the free recall scores were generally better for HSAs than filler advertisements across both program types, while the cued recall and advertisement recognition scores were better for filler advertisements than HSAs. Memory scores revealed that the HSAs were better remembered than filler advertisements in an incongruent program environment. Health advertisements are better recalled in non‐health‐related programs. This supported the interference hypothesis.     

血清Cys C的检测对肾移植术后患者肾功能评价的临床意义

探讨分析血清胱抑素C（Cys C）水平在肾移植术后患者肾功能监测中的应用价值.对25例肾移植成功患者在术前、术后第1、3、5、7、10天的血清Cys C、Scr、β2-MG、BUN水平进行动态监测,同时随机抽取健康体检者中的20例作为对照组.发现移植组的Cys C、Scr、β2-MG、BUN水平在术前均明显高于健康对照组（P＜0.01）.这四项指标在手术后第一天都有所下降,且术后第1、3、5、7、10天的水平都比术前低（P＜0.01）.四项指标与GFR的关系均为显著性负相关（P＜0.01）,其中血清Cys C与GFR的相关性最好.Cys C、Scr、β2-MG、BUN检测后的ROC曲线下面积分别是：0.937、0.838、0.798、0.772,其差异都具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.血清Cys C优于Scr、β2-MG、BUN,在肾移植患者术后的动态监测中具有重要的临床应用价值.