元明清时期长江下游民众的武当山进香之旅

武当山进香风俗的形成至迟不晚于宋代,到明代达鼎盛,吸收了来自全国各地的香客,清代有衰减,但仍对周边地区产生了影响.长江下游民众自元代开始来武当朝斋,经明清两代,一直持续到民国年间,这期间长江下游人朝武当山的原因除明代武当山地位的尊崇、武当宫观陈设的穷极富丽及武当山自然景观的丰富外,还与长江下游自南宋以来真武信仰的兴盛有关.     

影响感觉寻求人格特质的生物遗传因素

综述了感觉寻求人格特质的生物遗传机制的相关研究。主要从3个方面对该问题进行了探讨：（1）单胺类物质与感觉寻求人格特质的关系;（2）激素对感觉寻求人格特质的影响;（3）感觉寻求人格特质的生物遗传性     

明代云南的真武信仰——以武当山金殿铜栏杆铭文为考察中心

武当山金殿四周围绕的148根青铜栏杆是明万历年间(1573-1619)由云南昆明及附近地区的“奉道信士”捐资铸造,专程运至武当山组装而成。从铭文的内容来看,明万历年间云南的真武信仰已很兴盛,尤以昆明地区为最;信仰之人遍及社会各阶层;其信仰带有明显的功利性和现实性。     

Thanking in the times of the plague: The role of holistic thinking in meaning-making and gratitude

Two studies examined the role of holistic thinking in meaning-making and gratitude during the COVID-19 pandemic. Correlational and mediational evidence showed that participants with high holistic thinking tended to construct more meaning from the pandemic and feel grateful, compared to participants with low holistic thinking (Study 1). Experimental manipulation of holistic thinking elicited behavioral choice for books on life meaning, which predicted gratitude (Study 2). These results cannot be explained by individual differences in the perception of threat (Study 1) or distress (Studies 1–2) associated with the pandemic. They cannot be explained by demographic factors such as age or gender, or cultural constructs such as ethnicity, educational level, or religiosity (Studies 1–2). These findings push understanding forward. They strengthen interdisciplinary links, fusing positive psychology with the social cognition of thinking styles. We discuss promising directions for future research with cross-cultural implications.     

中国古代的定光佛信仰——兼论唐宋以来的民间"造佛运动"

唐末五代以至于宋,有不少僧人被视为定光佛在人间的“应身”或“化身”,甚至在同一时期、同一地区有不同的僧人都被视为“定光佛”。民间社会广为崇奉,连朝廷也予以承认并赐加封号。这种“人间佛”的出现是佛教发展中一个值得注意的现象,是隋唐以来民间持续的“造佛运动”的成果之一,是佛教进一步世俗化、民俗化的表现。     

Comparing the self-concepts of Hong Kong Chinese adults with visible and not visible physical disability

In the present study, the authors evaluated the self-concept levels of Hong Kong Chinese adults with visible and not visible physical disabilities. Fifty-five Hong Kong Chinese (22 men and 33 women) aged 18 to 55 (M = 39.50, SD = 10.21) participated-20 without physical disabilities (control group), 20 with visible physical disabilities, and 15 with physical disabilities that were not visible. All the participants responded to the Self-Concept Questionnaire for Hong Kong Chinese With Physical Disabilities (SCQPD; S. F. Tam & D. Watkins, 1997). The group with visible disabilities scored significantly lower in self-concept than did the control group and the group with disabilities that were not visible. There were also significant differences between specific facets of self-concept for people with visible and not visible disabilities. It was interesting to find that there was no significant difference in self-concept levels between the not visible group and the control group. The implications for rehabilitation and social services for these various groups are discussed.     

The Role of Emotion in Parent-Child Relationships: Children’s Emotionality,Maternal Meta-Emotion,and Children’s Attachment Security

This study was intended to examine the relationship among children’s emotionality, parental meta-emotion, and parent–child attachment. The sample consisted of 546 5th and 6th grade children and their mothers. The test instruments used in this study were the Emotionality subscale of the EAS Temperament Survey (mothers’ ratings only), the Parental Meta-Emotion Survey (mothers’ ratings only) and the Attachment Security Scale (children’s ratings only). Our results showed that maternal meta-emotion (emotion coaching plus emotion dismissing) was associated with children’s attachment security vis-à-vis their mothers. Mothers who tended to adopt an emotion-coaching philosophy were more likely to achieve secure parent–child attachments, as reported by their children. Children whose mothers tended to adopt an emotion-dismissing philosophy reported lower levels of attachment security. There were no direct or indirect effects of children’s emotionality on their attachment security. Parental meta-emotion, but not children’s emotionality, was significantly associated with children’s attachment security. The results indicate the importance of parenting factors in determining the parent–child relationship. Parental education programs that focus on parental attitudes and practices related to emotion should be advocated.     

惯例的实证研究进展：心理学的视角

惯例是人们在重复解决同一问题时形成的程序化行为或策略,它既可以从个体,也可以从群体的视角来研究。在心理学中,惯例的研究始于思维定势和内隐学习;近年来,在现代认知心理学的推动下,研究者们已从个体与群体问题解决、决策的视角对它进行了一系列研究;而惯例重复性的特征又为它与重复博弈的交叉研究提供了可能。未来的惯例研究可以在以往研究基础上,从其普遍性和特点、信息搜索、知识迁移等角度展开。     

The effects of cognitive load and encoding modality on prospective memory

Cognitive Processing - Successful execution of an intention as planned is necessary for people's normal life. However, people sometimes even forget intentions that they consider as...