排序方式: 共有94条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
41.
Geoffrey C Williams Holly A McGregor Allan Zeldman Zachary R Freedman Edward L Deci 《Health psychology》2004,23(1):58-66
A longitudinal study tested the self-determination theory (SDT) process model of health behavior change for glycemic control within a randomized trial of patient activation versus passive education. Glycosylated hemoglobin for patients with Type 2 diabetes (n=159) was assessed at baseline, 6 months, and 12 months. Autonomous motivation and perceived competence were assessed at baseline and 6 months, and the autonomy supportiveness of clinical practitioners was assessed at 3 months. Perceptions of autonomy and competence were promoted by perceived autonomy support, and changes in perceptions of autonomy and competence, in turn, predicted change in glycemic control. Self-management behaviors mediated the relation between change in perceived competence and change in glycemic control. The self-determination process model fit the data well. 相似文献
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Sue L. T. McGregor 《World Futures: Journal of General Evolution》2014,70(3-4):200-232
This article tenders an inaugural discussion of how conceptual change theory can contribute to deeper understandings of what is conceptually involved when people attempt (or succeed) to transition from multi- and interdisciplinarity to transdisciplinarity. After explaining the nuances of Newtonian thinking (framed as formal rather than postformal thinking), the article shares a comparison of multi-, inter-, and transdisciplinarity along four dimensions. Special attention is given to Nicolescuian transdisciplinarity, an approach predicated on the new sciences of quantum physics, chaos theory, and living systems theory (rather than Newtonian and Cartesian thinking). Nicolescuian transdisciplinarity is a new methodology for creating knowledge and it comprises three axioms: multiple Levels of Reality and the Hidden Third; the Logic of the Inclusive Middle; and, knowledge as complex, emergent, and embodied. The discussion then turns to an overview of three basic approaches to conceptual change theory: knowledge as theory, knowledge as elements, and knowledge as context. The author then applies conceptual change theory to understand what is involved in moving toward transdisciplinary thinking, including four elements necessary for conceptual change to occur (intelligibility, plausibility, fruitfulness, and dissatisfaction with existing conceptualizations and mental models). The article concludes with the idea that transdisciplinary thinking is a form of postformal thinking (especially paradigmatic order thinking) and suggests that future conceptual shifts toward transdisciplinarity involve achieving a transdisciplinary conceptual tipping point. 相似文献
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Rafe McGregor 《Ethical Theory and Moral Practice》2015,18(4):745-758
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Aaron G Rizzieri Joseph L Verheijde Mohamed Y Rady Joan L McGregor 《Philosophy, ethics, and humanities in medicine : PEHM》2008,3(1):20
The left ventricular assist device was originally designed to be surgically implanted as a bridge to transplantation for patients
with chronic end-stage heart failure. On the basis of the REMATCH trial, the US Food and Drug Administration and the US Centers
for Medicare & Medicaid Services approved permanent implantation of the left ventricular assist device as a destination therapy
in Medicare beneficiaries who are not candidates for heart transplantation. The use of the left ventricular assist device
as a destination therapy raises certain ethical challenges. Left ventricular assist devices can prolong the survival of average
recipients compared with optimal medical management of chronic end-stage heart failure. However, the overall quality of life
can be adversely affected in some recipients because of serious infections, neurologic complications, and device malfunction.
Left ventricular assist devices alter end-of-life trajectories. The caregivers of recipients may experience significant burden
(e.g., poor physical health, depression, anxiety, and posttraumatic stress disorder) from destination therapy with left ventricular
assist devices. There are also social and financial ramifications for recipients and their families. We advocate early utilization
of a palliative care approach and outline prerequisite conditions so that consenting for the use of a left ventricular assist
device as a destination therapy is a well informed process. These conditions include: (1) direct participation of a multidisciplinary
care team, including palliative care specialists, (2) a concise plan of care for anticipated device-related complications,
(3) careful surveillance and counseling for caregiver burden, (4) advance-care planning for anticipated end-of-life trajectories
and timing of device deactivation, and (5) a plan to address the long-term financial burden on patients, families, and caregivers. 相似文献
48.
Olney AM 《Behavior research methods》2011,43(2):414-423
Latent semantic analysis (LSA) is a statistical technique for representing word meaning that has been widely used for making
semantic similarity judgments between words, sentences, and documents. In order to perform an LSA analysis, an LSA space is
created in a two-stage procedure, involving the construction of a word frequency matrix and the dimensionality reduction of
that matrix through singular value decomposition (SVD). This article presents LANSE, an SVD algorithm specifically designed
for LSA, which allows extremely large matrices to be processed using off-the-shelf computer hardware. 相似文献
49.
Sabrina V. Seel Alexander Easton Anthony McGregor Matthew G. Buckley Madeline J. Eacott 《British journal of psychology (London, England : 1953)》2019,110(1):173-184
Previous research has reported that walking through a doorway to a new location makes memory for objects and events experienced in the previous location less accurate. This effect, termed the location updating effect, has been used to suggest that location changes are used to mark boundaries between events in memory: memories for objects encountered within the current event are more available than those from beyond an event boundary. Within a computer‐generated memory task, participants navigated through virtual rooms, walking through doorways, and interacting with objects. The accuracy and their subjective experience of their memory for the objects (remember/know and confidence) were assessed. The findings showed that shifts in location decreased accurate responses associated with the subjective experience of remembering but not those associated with the experience of knowing, even when considering only the most confident responses in each condition. These findings demonstrate that a shift in location selectively impacts recollection and so contributes to our understanding of boundaries in event memory. 相似文献
50.
Extrinsic value orientation and "the tragedy of the commons" 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Two studies examined the effect of Extrinsic Value Orientation (Kasser & Ryan, 1993, 1996) upon harvesting strategies and personal profit within commons dilemmas, in which individual and group interests can be at odds. At an individual or within-group level of analysis, extrinsically oriented persons (who value money, fame, and popularity) harvested more than intrinsically oriented persons (who value self-acceptance, intimacy, and community). However, a counteracting group-level effect was found such that groups with a greater number of extrinsic members harvested less on average than did groups with more intrinsic members, because their commons did not last as long. As a result, even excessive harvesters within extrinsic groups did no better than did self-restrained harvesters within intrinsic groups. Supplementary analyses indicate that extrinsic values are associated with acquisitiveness regarding resources, more so than apprehension regarding others' acquisitiveness. 相似文献