Gramsci: An Alternative Communism?

Studies in East European Thought - This is an attempt to determine the character of Antonio Gramsci's Marxism by way of a critical analysis of Luciano Pellicani'sGramsci: An Alternative...     

Establishing enduring prevention programs: Advancing the legacy of Swampscott

The recent anniversary of the 1965 Swampscott Conference provided an opportunity to reconsider the implications of that meeting for prevention research. An unfulfilled aspect of the Swampscott legacy is the relative paucity of demonstration programs that become enduring parts of their host settings. A macrolevel, systems-oriented reformulation of Albee's (1982) prevention formula is presented to help conceptualize the linkage of prevention programs to their host settings. Finally, structural considerations necessary for weaving efforts at prevention and health promotion into adaptive, enduring organizational niches are reviewed.     

The expression of feelings as assertive behavior: A factor analytic extension of PRI

The aims of the study were to construct two assertiveness measures, expression of positive feeling and expression of hostile feeling, and to establish their factor analytic independence. One hundred and ninety-seven adults were administered the PRI along with the two new scales. The correlations of the 40 items of the two scales were first analyzed separately to identify the two hypothesized constructs. The five scale scores of the PRI (Defense of Rights, Social Assertiveness. Directiveness, Independence and Approval Seeking) were divided into half-scale scores on the basis of keying (the sums of true-keyed and false-keyed items), and then intercorrelated with the half-scale scores of the new scales. A principal components analysis demonstrated the presence of the six dimensions hypothesized and a measure of validity.     

Disenchantment and transcendence

The Journal of Value Inquiry -     

Safeguarding Student Records

Schools, and particularly Guidance Departments, are inundated with requests for information about both past and present students. The inquiries originate from a surprisingly wide variety of sources. Reflecting the increasing tendency in personnel work to accumulate more and more knowledge about the individual, colleges and industry particularly attempt to requisition as much information as possible about the student or potential employee. Student personnel records can be neither released wholesale nor totally locked away. Based on typological analysis of the student's cumulative record, suggested guidelines incorporating both ethical and legal considerations can be established. The recommendations contained herein should assist the custodian of the records in establishing certain necessary conditions pertaining to the release of information.     

Interrelationships of number-correct and limen scores for an amount-limit test

For an amount-limit test homogeneous as to content and varied as to difficulty it is established that an individual's number-right score and his limen score as estimated by the constant process are mathematically related. The experimental and the theoretic relationship between normal deviate and limen score are shown to be in good agreement. It is also found that the two methods of evaluating individual test performance yield equally reliable sets of scores for the procedures used. Accordingly where the assumptions basic to the relationship obtain, the more conveniently computed raw score may be considered to be as valid and reliable an index of individual test performance as the limen score. The concept of the dispersion parameter of the individual as a measure of change or error in test score found no experimental verification. Estimates of individual variability are unrelated to differences in score on equivalent forms.The writer gratefully acknowledges Lt. Colonel M. W. Richardson's invaluable counsel, Dr. H. Gulliksen's helpful suggestions, and Dr. H. H. Long's aid in administering the tests.     

The Effects of Limited and Conflicting Stereotypic information on Group Categorization in Northern Ireland1

The process of group categorization, as suggested by Tajfel and Turner's (1979) theory of intergroup comparison, was examined under conditions of intergroup conflict in Northern Ireland. The theory predicts that under “normal” conditions groups have a need to distinguish themselves from others. The present study investigates how individuals in Northern Ireland under extreme environmental pressures to identify both their own and other groups, can use learned stereotypic cues in making such categorizations. Results suggested that such limited information was highly effective in the process of categorization, with both Protestant and Catholic subjects exhibiting significant agreement and confidence in identifying unknown persons on the basis of stereotypic cues Conflicting information was found to reduce subject's confidence levels, with conflicting Catholic cues being more disruptive than Protestant ones     

An Evaluation of a School-Based Suicide Awareness Intervention

This study employed a self-report questionnaire in a Solomon four-groups design to assess the efficacy of suicide intervention classes in achieving their instructional objectives. Because adolescents are often the first to know of a peer's suicidal thoughts or plans, the goal of the classes was to increase the likelihood that students who come into contact with potentially suicidal peers can more readily identify them and will be consistently inclined to take responsible action on their behalf. Students who participated in the classes as compared to controls showed significant gains in relevant knowledge about suicidal peers and significantly more positive attitudes toward help seeking and intervening with troubled peers. Results of this study will be used to strengthen components of the lessons aimed at enhancing the likelihood of performance of responsible interventions