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171.
Maurice Friedman 《Journal of Psychology and Judaism》1997,21(3):201-210
This article attempts an overview of Mordechai Rotenberg's second and third books, Dialogue with Deviance and Re-Biographing and Deviance, and an in-depth analysis of his fourth book Dia-logo Therapy. It shows how Rotenberg builds on his early studies of Protestantism and American individualism and on his Talmudic, Hasidic, and Jewish hermeneutic background to offer a challenging rereading of the task of the therapist. This includes the bridging of the rational and the irrational, the factual and the mystical, through psychonarration and re-biographing. It also includes a trenchant distinction between the unilateral truth of Aristotle, Hegel, Marx, and Freud and the multilateral truth of Socrates, the Talmud, and Martin Buber. Throughout the article a comparison is made between Rotenberg's thought and that of both Martin Buber and Maurice Friedman. 相似文献
172.
Maurice A. Feldman Michèle Legér Nicole Walton-Allen 《Journal of child and family studies》1997,6(4):471-485
Both low parental IQ and stress have been shown to be associated with parenting difficulties and adverse child outcomes. We examined stress in parents with low IQ as a potential contributor to their documented parenting problems. Eighty-two mothers with intellectual disabilities (IQ < 80; labelled as having mental retardation) were given the Parenting Stress Index and they were found to be enduring very high levels of overall stress (95th percentile), stress related to child characteristics (95th percentile), and stress related to other life experiences (90th percentile) as compared to the normative test group. We divided the 82 mothers with intellectual disabilities into three groups depending on the age of their children. The mothers with school-age children reported significantly higher stress than parents of infant/toddler and preschool children. A hierarchical regression analysis revealed that child age and living in a crowded environment were significant predictors of parenting stress. The results confirm that mothers with intellectual disabilities experience extreme stress that, together with other factors, may hinder adequate parenting. 相似文献
173.
A low-cost sound pattern generator that is remotely programmable has been developed to produce pure-tone auditory patterns. The device, which is compatible with relay programming equipment, can generate either of two auditory patterns in the sequence ABA or BAB. The generator features an independently settable range of ON and OFF durations (0.1 to 1.0 sec) for pure-tone bursts and a selectable range (0.2 to 2.0 sec) of intercycle intervals. The inexpensive construction cost coupled with the flexibility of the timing characteristics of the generator should make it of interest to a wide variety of auditory researchers. 相似文献
174.
The American Journal of Psychoanalysis - 相似文献
175.
This study used a multielement design to compare standard training (prompting and reinforcement) with and without reinforced directed rehearsal as a correction procedure in teaching expressive sign language to 10 nonverbal students with moderate to severe mental retardation. Standard training consisted of either sequential prompting or graduated guidance and 5 students were randomly assigned to each condition. Directed rehearsal involved 10 practices of the correct sign contingent on an error or no response; praise was given during directed rehearsal for cooperation and attempted signing. A stimulus control analysis revealed that only 6 of the 10 students (3 from each standard training condition) completely discriminated the trained signs within the maximum training period of 160 trials (3 of the 4 students who failed the stimulus control test were hearing impaired; the remaining 6 who showed stimulus control were not). Using only these six students' data, we found that directed rehearsal increased: (a) accuracy (percent correct), (b) speed of learning (required fewer trials to criterion), (c) efficiency (decreased total instruction time), and (d) generalization (across trainers, objects, and settings). There were no obvious interactions between directed rehearsal and the type of prompting strategy employed. Very little agitated behavior occurred in any of the sessions, and a treatment acceptability survey indicated that 10 of 14 direct-care staff and the trainers in this study preferred corrective directed rehearsal (as used in this study) over standard training alone. The results indicate that directed rehearsal may be a valuable adjunct to sign language training with nonverbal students with mental retardation. 相似文献
176.
A derivation from Denenberg's (Denenberg, 1980. American Journal of Physiology, 238, R3-R13) model of brain organization is that significant correlations between left-hemisphere (LH) and right-hemisphere (RH) measures indicate that the hemispheres are coupled together in a general system. Two formally similar visual-field (VF) reaction-time (RT) tasks, one a LH-right (R) VF and the other a RH-left (L) VF advantage task, were performed by 30 female and 30 male right-handers under single-task (zero load) and dual task (three or six consonants in memory) conditions. Expected letter load effects upon VF performances were obtained. Particularly for RT variability, correlations of measures lateralized to different hemispheres (i.e., LVF-RVF, LH and RH tasks) increased linearly as load increased, while correlations of measures lateralized to the same hemisphere (i.e., two LH tasks) did not. Bihemispheric cortical activation may play a role in this general system coupling caused by complexity or load. Females demonstrated greater interhemispheric coupling. 相似文献
177.
David M. Murray C. Anderson Johnson Russell V. Luepker Maurice B. Mittelmark 《Journal of applied social psychology》1984,14(3):274-288
Adolescent cigarette smoking remains a serious public health problem. Recent preventive efforts have concentrated on the social influences which encourage smoking onset. They appear more effective than earlier efforts which considered primarily the long term health risks of smoking. In spite of this progress, it has not been possible to identify the necessary or sufficient conditions for the reported treatment effects due largely to issues of research design. We report data from two consecutive studies designed to address this problem. In each study, four treatment strategies were compared for their effectiveness in deterring smoking onset and in minimizing future smoking levels. In the second study, an untreated reference condition was also included. Approximately 7000 students participated in the two studies. Baseline data were gathered in September of the seventh-grade year, interventions were conducted during the full year, and post-test and followup data were collected annually beginning in May of that year. These data suggest that a program which teaches specific skills to resist social pressures to begin smoking and which teaches students about the short term physiological consequences of smoking is more effective than a program which concentrates on long term health consequences. Perhaps most important, the use of same-age peer leaders as teachers appears to be a necessary condition for successful use of this intervention program. 相似文献
178.
David S. Knopman Alan B. Rubens Arthur C. Klassen Maurice W. Meyer Nancy Niccum 《Brain and language》1980,9(1):93-112
Current views of the relationship between audition and cerebral function suggest that increases in regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) would occur in the superior, mid, and posterior portions of the temporal lobes, and that these changes would be more lateralized to the left hemisphere for a verbal than a nonverbal auditory task. We measured rCBF using the xenon inhalation technique in a group of healthy subjects during three conditions: (1) resting baseline, (2) auditory verbal activation (listening for word meaning), and (3) auditory nonverbal activation (listening for reduction of intensity in a series of noise bursts). Both verbal and nonverbal conditions produced highly significant increases in rCBF over the left posterior Sylvian region with a trend for verbal activation to evoke a wider area of flow increase than the nonverbal task. 相似文献
179.
180.
Business‐related drinking is an important organizational and managerial activity with particular relevance to the negotiation process. This paper investigates the influence of a moderate amount of alcohol on negotiator behavior and negotiated outcomes. We conducted 2 negotiation studies involving inebriated and sober participants, and found that inebriated negotiators used more aggressive tactics, made more mistakes, and reached less integrative agreements than did sober negotiators. Across both studies, we found that inebriated negotiators were unaware that alcohol had affected their negotiations. 相似文献