Julius Springer Psychotherapiepreis

Ohne Zusammenfassung Prof. Dr. med. M. Cierpka Universit?t Heidelberg, Abteilung für Psychosomatische Kooperationsforschung u. Familientherapie, Bergheimerstra?e 54, 69115 Heidelberg, E-Mail: Manfred_Cierpka@med.uni-heidelberg.de     

Die Psychotherapeutenausbildung aus Sicht der Teilnehmer

Background

A survey was performed to assess the current situation in education and to identify critical issues 10 years after the inception of the German law regulating the education of psychological psychotherapists and child and adolescent psychotherapists. The study reports the results of a nationwide survey of German psychological psychotherapists and child and adolescent psychotherapists currently in training. The aim of the survey was to evaluate the individual sections of training, desired alterations and structural and financial conditions.

Methods

All trainees were contacted via the training institutes and the umbrella organizations. A total of 3,223 trainees participated and answered questions mainly using an online questionnaire.

Results

Most respondents practiced their training part-time and in most cases the trainees thought that the training would last longer than initially expected. The practical training was rated most poorly, whereas practical education and individual supervision were rated as most useful. The survey revealed deficits concerning the evaluation of the quality of several components of the training.

Conclusions

From the perspective of the trainees there is a necessity to modify the financial conditions of the training. This result has been considered in the recommendations of a research expertise on psychotherapy training and should stimulate further research.     

Adaptive Visual Analog Scales (AVAS): A modifiable software program for the creation,administration, and scoring of visual analog scales

The Adaptive Visual Analog Scales is a freely available computer software package designed to be a flexible tool for the creation, administration, and automated scoring of both continuous and discrete visual analog scale formats. The continuous format is a series of individual items that are rated along a solid line and scored as a percentage of distance from one of the two anchors of the rating line. The discrete format is a series of individual items that use a specific number of ordinal choices for rating each item. This software offers separate options for the creation and use of standardized instructions, practice sessions, and rating administration, all of which can be customized by the investigator. A unique participant/patient ID is used to store scores for each item, and individual data from each administration are automatically appended to that scale’s data storage file. This software provides flexible, time-saving access for data management and/or importing data into statistical packages. This tool can be adapted so as to gather ratings for a wide range of clinical and research uses and is freely available at www.nrlc-group.net.     

Closing the Solidarity Gap? How Ethnic Diversity Alters Who We Are Willing to Support

Citizens tend to be more solidary with ethnic ingroup members than ethnic outgroup members. As a result, increasing ethnic diversity is often found to impede solidarity. Although this perspective is well established, I present an alternative argument: Under circumstances that foster intergroup contact, increasing diversity promotes, rather than impedes, intergroup solidarity. To test this argument, I combine a survey experiment fielded among Danish students with quasi-random observational data on students' classroom ethnic composition. I find that ethnic-majority adolescents are on average more willing to support ethnic-majority recipients than immigrant and ethnic-minority recipients. Yet, although increasing diversity does not moderate the majority-minority solidarity gap, increasing diversity diminishes and erases the majority-immigrant solidarity gap. As further shown, one explanation is that immigrants in particular face strong stereotypes of being lazy and that ethnic diversity reduces this specific stereotype. These findings suggest that immigration and solidarity need not be incompatible. Under certain circumstances, ethnic diversity at worst leaves intergroup solidarity unaltered and at best improves such solidarity.     

Impulsiveness and risk-taking behavior: comparison of high-school and college students using the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale

The present study was undertaken in an attempt to determine the relationship of impulsiveness to risk-taking behaviors such as aggression, drug use, drunk driving and not wearing seatbelts among highschool and college students. The results of the study clearly demonstrate that high impulsives are involved in risk-taking behavior at a higher rate than low impulsive subjects. These findings suggest that high impulsive adolescents and young adults are at considerable risk of personal injury and present a potential source of injury to others. It is suggested that self-report questionnaires of impulsiveness might prove useful in the early identification of these high risk individuals. Once identified these individuals could be targeted for intensive educational interventions specifically designed to deal with their inability to delay gratification and general lack of impulse control.     

Experimentelle Untersuchungen über die Erfassung des handschriftlichen Ausdrucks durch Laien

Ohne ZusammenfassungHerrn Prof. Dr. Blumenfeld und Herrn Prof. Dr. Peters danke ich für Beratung und Förderung meiner Arbeit.